TSX/NYSE/PSE: MFC SEHK: 945 C$ unless otherwise stated
TORONTO, Aug. 6, 2025 /PRNewswire/ - Manulife Financial Corporation ("Manulife" or the "Company") reported its second quarter results for the period ended June 30, 2025, delivering continued strong momentum in new business growth and strong earnings growth in our highest potential businesses.1
Key highlights for the second quarter of 2025 ("2Q25") include:
- Core earnings2 of $1.7 billion, a 2% decrease on a constant exchange rate basis3 compared with the second quarter of 2024 ("2Q24")
- Excluding the impact of the change in expected credit loss ("ECL"), core earnings was $1.8 billion, up 2% from 2Q242,3
- Net income attributed to shareholders of $1.8 billion, an increase of $0.7 billion compared with 2Q24
- Core EPS4 of $0.95, up 2%3 from 2Q24. EPS of $0.98, up 88%3 from 2Q24
- Excluding the impact of the change in ECL, core EPS was $0.99, up 7% from 2Q243,4
- Core ROE4 of 15.0% and ROE of 15.6%
- LICAT ratio5 of 136%
- APE sales up 15%6, new business CSM up 37%3 and new business value ("NBV") up 20%6 from 2Q247,8
- Global Wealth and Asset Management ("Global WAM") net inflows6 of $0.9 billion, up from $0.1 billion in 2Q24
- Announced today the agreement to acquire a 75% stake in Comvest Credit Partners, adding US$14.7 billion9 to our Global WAM platform. The transaction is expected to close in the fourth quarter of 202510
"Our second-quarter results underscore the strength and resilience of our global franchise, as we continue to deliver high-quality growth across a diversified portfolio. All three insurance segments achieved over 30% growth year over year in new business CSM, clear evidence of our momentum and future earnings potential. Notably, Asia continued to generate strong APE sales and increased NBV margin sequentially.6 Global WAM further expanded its core EBITDA margin4 and delivered double-digit core earnings growth compared with the prior year quarter.7
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Results at a Glance
($ millions, unless otherwise stated) | Quarterly Results | YTD Results | ||||
2Q25 | 2Q24 | Change3,6 | 2025 | 2024 | Change3,6 | |
Net income attributed to shareholders | $ 1,789 | $ 1,042 | 72 % | $ 2,274 | $ 1,908 | 16 % |
Core earnings7 | $ 1,726 | $ 1,737 | (2) % | $ 3,493 | $ 3,447 | (2) % |
EPS ($) | $ 0.98 | $ 0.52 | 88 % | $ 1.23 | $ 0.97 | 23 % |
Core EPS ($)7 | $ 0.95 | $ 0.91 | 2 % | $ 1.94 | $ 1.82 | 3 % |
ROE | 15.6 % | 9.0 % | 6.6 pps | 9.7 % | 8.5 % | 1.2 pps |
Core ROE7 | 15.0 % | 15.7 % | (0.7) pps | 15.3 % | 16.0 % | (0.7) pps |
Book value per common share ($) | $ 24.90 | $ 23.71 | 5 % | $ 24.90 | $ 23.71 | 5 % |
Adjusted BV per common share ($)4,7 | $ 35.78 | $ 33.32 | 7 % | $ 35.78 | $ 33.32 | 7 % |
Financial leverage ratio (%)4,7 | 23.6 % | 25.0 % | (1.4) pps | 23.6 % | 25.0 % | (1.4) pps |
APE sales | $ 2,230 | $ 1,907 | 15 % | $ 4,919 | $ 3,790 | 26 % |
New business CSM | $ 882 | $ 628 | 37 % | $ 1,789 | $ 1,286 | 34 % |
NBV7 | $ 846 | $ 691 | 20 % | $ 1,753 | $ 1,332 | 27 % |
Global WAM net flows ($ billions)6 | $ 0.9 | $ 0.1 | 417 % | $ 1.4 | $ 6.8 | (80) % |
Results by Segment
($ millions, unless otherwise stated) | Quarterly Results | YTD Results | ||||
2Q25 | 2Q24 | Change6 | 2025 | 2024 | Change6 | |
Asia (US$) | ||||||
Net income attributed to shareholders | $ 600 | $ 424 | 44 % | $ 1,035 | $ 694 | 49 % |
Core earnings7 | 520 | 449 | 13 % | 1,012 | 914 | 10 % |
APE sales | 1,233 | 920 | 31 % | 2,645 | 1,870 | 41 % |
New business CSM | 480 | 349 | 34 % | 978 | 713 | 36 % |
NBV7 | 451 | 346 | 28 % | 908 | 669 | 35 % |
Canada | ||||||
Net income attributed to shareholders | $ 390 | $ 79 | 394 % | $ 612 | $ 352 | 74 % |
Core earnings | 419 | 402 | 4 % | 793 | 766 | 4 % |
APE sales | 345 | 520 | (34) % | 836 | 970 | (14) % |
New business CSM | 100 | 76 | 32 % | 191 | 146 | 31 % |
NBV | 161 | 159 | 1 % | 341 | 316 | 8 % |
U.S. (US$) | ||||||
Net income attributed to shareholders | $ 26 | $ 98 | (73) % | $ (371) | $ 18 | – % |
Core earnings | 141 | 303 | (53) % | 392 | 638 | (39) % |
APE sales | 130 | 93 | 40 % | 250 | 206 | 21 % |
New business CSM | 86 | 54 | 59 % | 156 | 126 | 24 % |
NBV | 46 | 41 | 12 % | 94 | 78 | 21 % |
Global WAM | ||||||
Net income attributed to shareholders | $ 482 | $ 350 | 36 % | $ 925 | $ 715 | 25 % |
Core earnings7 | 463 | 386 | 19 % | 917 | 735 | 22 % |
Gross flows ($ billions)6 | 43.8 | 41.4 | 5 % | 94.1 | 86.9 | 5 % |
Average AUMA ($ billions)6 | 1,005 | 933 | 7 % | 1,022 | 917 | 9 % |
Core EBITDA margin (%) | 30.1 % | 26.3 % | 380 bps | 29.2 % | 25.9 % | 330 bps |
Strategic Highlights
We are embedding AI across our business, accelerating our journey to become a Digital, Customer Leader and earning the top spot for AI maturity in our industry
In Global WAM, we launched an AI-powered sales enablement solution in U.S. Retirement, delivering real-time insights and personalized content to enhance our sales operation and productivity, improve our sales close ratio, and drive revenue growth. This doubled the number of sales opportunities compared with 2Q24 and reduced the time spent on information searches by over 50%.
In Asia, we rolled out VOICE in Singapore and Japan, a multi-signal dashboard that includes call trend analysis, net sentiment scores, topic trends and deep dive insights from call center transcripts. VOICE utilizes GenAI to categorize data, find correlations, and customize insights by analyzing near real-time trends from customer interactions. These insights help us to better understand customer sentiment and key interests, enhance services, improve training, and identify opportunities to better deliver value to our customers.
In the U.S., we launched a GenAI functionality in long-term care ("LTC") to enhance automated claims processing to strengthen the value of our LTC business and provide insights for future innovations.
In Canada, we launched an end-to-end digital travel insurance platform that modernizes the distributor experience and simplifies the purchasing process for Canadians and their families.
We were ranked first in the life insurance sector for AI maturity in the inaugural Evident AI Index for Insurance11, ranking in the top five across the insurance industry overall. Our strong performance, particularly around Leadership and Transparency, is a testament to the multi-year investments in AI across the Company, reflecting our capability in scaling AI effectively.
We continue to strengthen our distribution capabilities and expand product offerings to meet evolving customer needs
In Asia, we demonstrated the strength of our agency force with a 23% year-over-year increase in the number of Million Dollar Round Table ("MDRT") members for Manulife Asia, positioning us as the third largest globally in 2025 MDRT membership.12
In addition, we became the first international life insurer to establish an office in the Dubai International Financial Centre13 dedicated to advising on and offering life insurance contracts to high-net-worth ("HNW") customers. This strategic move deepens our presence in the Middle East and enhances our ability to address the growing wealth and protection needs of HNW and ultra-HNW individuals in the region.
In Global WAM, we continued to deliver comprehensive investment solutions by expanding our Global Retail product lineup with the launch of a diversified real assets strategy in Malaysia to help investors navigate market volatility. In addition, we introduced four new actively managed ETF series in Canada, enhancing access to diversified equity and fixed income exposures, to meet evolving investor needs.
Furthermore, we enhanced the Manulife iFUNDS platform, making it the first integrated digital wealth solution in Singapore that offers advisors a unified view of clients' Unit Trust and Investment-Linked Plan ("ILP") holdings. By integrating these into a single platform and incorporating AI-powered ILP analytics capabilities, the enhancements streamline portfolio oversight, accelerate transaction execution, and empower advisors to deliver more personalized and insightful financial guidance.
In Canada, we partnered with Maven Clinic, the world's largest virtual clinic for women's and family health14, to offer eligible Group Benefits members 24/7 virtual access to personalized support during some of their most important stages of life, including fertility, maternity, parenting, and menopause. This initiative addresses critical care gaps that impact women's health and workforce participation.
In the U.S., we expanded our wholesaling team to pursue more targeted growth strategies and accelerate our penetration within the U.S. HNW and mass affluent markets.
Resilient earnings with strong contributions from Global WAM and Asia15
Core earnings of $1.7 billion in 2Q25, down 2% from 2Q24
Core earnings decreased as strong business growth in Global WAM, Asia and Canada was offset by unfavourable life insurance claims experience in the U.S. and strengthened ECL provisions.
- Asia core earnings increased 13%, reflecting continued business growth, favourable claims experience and improved impact of new business, partially offset by strengthened ECL provisions.
- Global WAM core earnings increased 19%, driven by higher net fee income from favourable market impacts over the past 12 months and positive net flows, higher performance fees and continued expense discipline, partially offset by the impact of lower fee spreads and higher taxes.
- Canada core earnings were up 4%, as business growth in Group Insurance and higher investment spreads more than offset the impacts of a release in ECL provision in 2Q24 and the RGA Canadian universal life reinsurance transaction.16
- U.S. core earnings decreased 53%, reflecting unfavourable life insurance claims experience, lower investment spreads and strengthened ECL provisions.
- Corporate and Other core earnings improved by $12 million, primarily driven by lower long-term incentive compensation.
Net Income attributed to shareholders of $1.8 billion in 2Q25, $0.7 billion higher compared with 2Q24
The $0.7 billion increase in net income was driven by improved market experience. The net gain from market experience in 2Q25 reflects higher-than-expected returns on public equities and gains from derivatives and hedge accounting ineffectiveness, partially offset by lower-than-expected returns on alternative long-duration assets, mainly related to real estate and private equity investments.
Continued momentum in insurance new business results and positive net flows in Global WAM
APE sales, new business CSM and NBV increased 15%, 37% and 20%, respectively, reflecting continued sales momentum and margin expansions
- Asia continued to generate strong growth in APE sales, new business CSM and NBV, with a year-over-year increase of 31%, 34% and 28%, respectively, reflecting higher sales volumes in Hong Kong and Asia Other.17 NBV margin of 40.0% was approximately in line with the prior year quarter and increased sequentially.
- In Canada, APE sales decreased 34%, as strong participating life insurance sales were more than offset by the non-recurrence of a large-case Group Insurance sale in 2Q24. These sales results, combined with a more favourable product mix, drove a 1% increase in NBV. New business CSM increased 32%, reflecting the strong sales growth in Individual Insurance.
- U.S. delivered strong new business growth this quarter, increasing APE sales, new business CSM and NBV by 40%, 59% and 12%, respectively, reflecting continued demand for our accumulation insurance products.
Global WAM net inflows of $0.9 billion in 2Q25, $0.8 billion higher compared with net inflows of $0.1 billion in 2Q24
- Retirement net inflows of $2.0 billion in 2Q25 increased compared with net outflows of $1.3 billion in 2Q24, reflecting higher retirement plan sales across all geographies and a large-case retirement plan redemption in the U.S. in 2Q24.
- Retail net outflows of $3.2 billion in 2Q25 increased compared with net outflows of $0.1 billion in 2Q24, driven by lower net sales through third-party intermediaries in North America and in money markets funds in mainland China. This is partially offset by higher net sales through our retail wealth platform.
- Institutional Asset Management net inflows of $2.1 billion in 2Q25 increased compared with net inflows of $1.4 billion in 2Q24, driven by lower redemptions in fixed income mandates, partially offset by higher redemptions in equity mandates.
New business growth continued to drive higher organic CSM and CSM balance
CSM18 was $22,316 million as at June 30, 2025
CSM increased $189 million compared with December 31, 2024. Organic CSM movement contributed $1,162 million of the increase for the first half of 2025, representing an 11%6 growth on an annualized basis, primarily driven by the impact of new business, interest accretion and net favourable insurance experience, partially offset by amortization recognized in core earnings. Inorganic CSM movement was a decrease of $973 million for the same period, primarily driven by the impacts of changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Post-tax CSM net of NCI2 was $18,527 million as at June 30, 2025.
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(1) | Highest potential businesses include Asia segment, Global Wealth and Asset Management, Canada group benefits and North American behavioural insurance products. |
(2) | Core earnings, core earnings excluding the impact of the change in ECL, core expenses and post-tax contractual service margin net of NCI ("post-tax CSM net of NCI") are non-GAAP financial measures. For more information on non-GAAP and other financial measures, see "Non-GAAP and other financial measures" below and in our 2Q25 Management's Discussion and Analysis ("2Q25 MD&A"). |
(3) | Percentage growth/declines in core earnings, core earnings excluding the impact of the change in ECL, diluted core earnings per common share ("core EPS"), diluted earnings (loss) per share ("EPS"), core EPS excluding the impact of the change in ECL, new business contractual service margin net of NCI ("new business CSM"), and net income attributed to shareholders are stated on a constant exchange rate basis and are non-GAAP ratios. |
(4) | Core EPS, core EPS excluding the impact of the change in ECL, core ROE, core EBITDA margin, financial leverage ratio and adjusted book value per common share ("adjusted BV per common share") are non-GAAP ratios. |
(5) | Life Insurance Capital Adequacy Test ("LICAT") ratio of The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company ("MLI") as at June 30, 2025. LICAT ratio is disclosed under the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions Canada's ("OSFI's") Life Insurance Capital Adequacy Test Public Disclosure Requirements guideline. |
(6) | For more information on annualized premium equivalent ("APE") sales, new business value ("NBV"), net flows, gross flows, average asset under management and administration ("average AUMA") and new business value margin ("NBV margin"), see "Non-GAAP and other financial measures" below. In this news release, percentage growth/decline in APE sales, NBV, net flows, gross flows, average AUMA and organic CSM are stated on a constant exchange rate basis. |
(7) | 2024 quarterly and year-to-date core earnings, NBV, core EPS, core ROE, adjusted BV per common share, and financial leverage ratio have been updated to align with the presentation of Global Minimum Taxes ("GMT") in 2025. See section A7 "Global Minimum Taxes (GMT)" in our 2Q25 MD&A for more information. |
(8) | Refers to "Results at a Glance" for 2Q25 and 2Q24 results. |
(9) | Includes Comvest fee paying AUM of US$11 billion and Comvest committed capital of US$3.7 billion. |
(10) | Subject customary closing conditions and approvals. See "Caution regarding forward-looking statements" below. See the press release announcing the acquisition for further details on the transaction and Comvest Credit Partners. |
(11) | The Evident AI Index for Insurance assesses AI maturity across 30 of the most prominent insurance companies in North America and Europe, measuring progress across four key categories: Talent, Innovation, Leadership, and Transparency. |
(12) | Announced in July 2025, based on 2024 new business sales. |
(13) | The Dubai International Financial Centre is a special economic zone in Dubai designed to facilitate financial and business activities in the Middle East, Africa and South Asia region. |
(14) | Maven Clinic, Meet Maven, 2024. |
(15) | See section A1 "Profitability" in our 2Q25 MD&A for more information on notable items attributable to core earnings and net income attributed to shareholders. |
(16) | The reinsurance transaction with RGA Life Reinsurance Company of Canada ("RGA Canadian Reinsurance transaction") closed April 1, 2024. |
(17) | Asia Other excludes Hong Kong and Japan. |
(18) | Net of non-controlling interests ("NCI"). |
Earnings Results Conference Call
Manulife will host a conference call and live webcast on its Second Quarter 2025 results on August 7, 2025, at 8:00 a.m. (ET). To access the conference call, dial 1-800-806-5484 or 1-416-340-2217 (Passcode: 8528599#). Please call in 15 minutes before the scheduled start time. You will be required to provide your name and organization to the operator. You may access the webcast at https://www.manulife.com/en/investors/results-and-reports.
The archived webcast will be available following the call at the same URL as above. A replay of the call will also be available until September 6, 2025, by dialing 1-800-408-3053 or 1-905-694-9451 (Passcode: 1098664#).
The Second Quarter 2025 Statistical Information Package is also available on the Manulife website at https://www.manulife.com/en/investors/results-and-reports.
This earnings news release should be read in conjunction with the Company's Second Quarter 2025 Report to Shareholders, including our unaudited interim Consolidated Financial Statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, which is available on our website at https://www.manulife.com/en/investors/results-and-reports.html. The Company's 2Q25 MD&A and additional information relating to the Company is available on the SEDAR+ website at https://www.sedarplus.ca and on the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission's ("SEC") website at https://www.sec.gov.
Any information contained in, or otherwise accessible through, websites mentioned in this news release does not form a part of this document unless it is expressly incorporated by reference.
Media Inquiries
Fiona McLean
(437) 441-7491
[email protected]
Investor Relations
Derek Theobalds
(416) 254-1774
[email protected]
Earnings
The following table presents net income attributed to shareholders, consisting of core earnings and details of the items excluded from core earnings:
Quarterly Results | YTD Results | ||||
($ millions) | 2Q25 | 1Q25 | 2Q24 | 2025 | 2024 |
Core earnings(1) | |||||
Asia | $ 720 | $ 705 | $ 616 | $ 1,425 | $ 1,242 |
Canada | 419 | 374 | 402 | 793 | 766 |
U.S. | 194 | 361 | 415 | 555 | 867 |
Global Wealth and Asset Management | 463 | 454 | 386 | 917 | 735 |
Corporate and Other | (70) | (127) | (82) | (197) | (163) |
Total core earnings | $ 1,726 | $ 1,767 | $ 1,737 | $ 3,493 | $ 3,447 |
Items excluded from core earnings | |||||
Market experience gains (losses) | 113 | (1,332) | (665) | (1,219) | (1,444) |
Restructuring charge | - | - | - | - | - |
Reinsurance transactions, tax-related items and other(1) | (50) | 50 | (30) | - | (95) |
Net income attributed to shareholders | $ 1,789 | $ 485 | $ 1,042 | $ 2,274 | $ 1,908 |
(1) | 2024 quarterly and year-to-date core earnings by segment, and 1Q24 total core earnings have been updated to align with the presentation of GMT in 2025, with a corresponding offset in items excluded from core earnings. See section A7 "Global Minimum Tax (GMT)" in our 2Q25 MD&A for more information. |
Global Minimum Taxes ("GMT")
On June 20, 2024, the Canadian government passed the Global Minimum Tax Act into law. Canada's GMT is applied retroactively to fiscal periods commencing on or after December 31, 2023. As additional local jurisdictions are expected to enact the GMT in 2025, GMT is now recognized in net income in the reporting segments whose earnings are subject to this tax. GMT is reported in both core earnings and items excluded from core earnings in line with our definition of core earnings in section E3 "Non-GAAP and Other Financial Measures" of the 2Q25 MD&A.
To improve the comparability of results between 2025 and 2024, we have updated certain 2024 non-GAAP and other financial measures to reflect the impact of GMT, including quarterly core earnings, core ROE, core EPS, financial leverage ratio, adjusted book value per common share, new business value, and post-tax CSM net of NCI. For further information and a complete list of the impacted financial measures, please see section A7 "Global Minimum Taxes (GMT)" of the 2Q25 MD&A, which is incorporated by reference.
Non-GAAP and other financial measures
The Company prepares its Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. We use a number of non-GAAP and other financial measures to evaluate overall performance and to assess each of our businesses. This section includes information required by National Instrument 52-112 – Non-GAAP and Other Financial Measures Disclosure in respect of "specified financial measures" (as defined therein).
Non-GAAP financial measures include core earnings (loss); core earnings excluding the impact of the change in ECL; core earnings available to common shareholders excluding the impact of the change in ECL; core earnings available to common shareholders; core earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("core EBITDA"); core expenses; adjusted book value; post-tax contractual service margin; post-tax contractual service margin net of NCI ("post-tax CSM net of NCI"); assets under management ("AUM"); and core revenue. In addition, non-GAAP financial measures include the following stated on a constant exchange rate ("CER") basis: any of the foregoing non-GAAP financial measures; net income attributed to shareholders; and common shareholders' net income.
Non-GAAP ratios include core return on common shareholders' equity ("core ROE"); diluted core earnings per common share ("core EPS"); diluted core earnings per common share excluding the impact of the change in ECL ("core EPS excluding the impact of the change in ECL"); expense efficiency ratio; adjusted book value per common share; financial leverage ratio; core EBITDA margin; and percentage growth/decline on a constant exchange rate basis in any of the above non-GAAP financial measures and non-GAAP ratios; net income attributed to shareholders; diluted earnings per common share ("EPS"), CSM, and new business CSM.
Other specified financial measures include NBV; APE sales; gross flows; net flows; average assets under management and administration ("average AUMA"); NBV margin; and percentage growth/decline in these foregoing specified financial measures. In addition, explanations of the components of the CSM movement, other than the new business CSM were provided in the 2Q25 MD&A.
Non-GAAP financial measures and non-GAAP ratios are not standardized financial measures under GAAP and, therefore, might not be comparable to similar financial measures disclosed by other issuers. Therefore, they should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for any other financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. For more information on non-GAAP financial measures, including those referred to above, see the section "Non-GAAP and other financial measures" in our 2Q25 MD&A, which is incorporated by reference.
Reconciliation of core earnings to net income attributed to shareholders – 2Q25
($ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)
2Q25 | ||||||
Asia | Canada | U.S. | Global WAM | Corporate and | Total | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | $ 1,092 | $ 526 | $ 31 | $ 575 | $ 37 | $ 2,261 |
Income tax (expenses) recoveries | ||||||
Core earnings | (94) | (110) | (37) | (89) | 32 | (298) |
Items excluded from core earnings | (55) | (5) | 42 | (4) | (18) | (40) |
Income tax (expenses) recoveries | (149) | (115) | 5 | (93) | 14 | (338) |
Net income (post-tax) | 943 | 411 | 36 | 482 | 51 | 1,923 |
Less: Net income (post-tax) attributed to | ||||||
Non-controlling interests | 49 | - | - | - | - | 49 |
Participating policyholders | 64 | 21 | - | - | - | 85 |
Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders (post-tax) | 830 | 390 | 36 | 482 | 51 | 1,789 |
Less: Items excluded from core earnings (post-tax) | ||||||
Market experience gains (losses) | 161 | (27) | (158) | 16 | 121 | 113 |
Changes in actuarial methods and assumptions that flow | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Restructuring charge | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Reinsurance transactions, tax related items and other | (51) | (2) | - | 3 | - | (50) |
Core earnings (post-tax) | $ 720 | $ 419 | $ 194 | $ 463 | $ (70) | $ 1,726 |
Income tax on core earnings (see above) | 94 | 110 | 37 | 89 | (32) | 298 |
Core earnings (pre-tax) | $ 814 | $ 529 | $ 231 | $ 552 | $ (102) | $ 2,024 |
Core earnings, CER basis and U.S. dollars – 2Q25
($ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)
2Q25 | ||||||
Asia | Canada | U.S. | Global WAM | Corporate and | Total | |
Core earnings (post-tax) | $ 720 | $ 419 | $ 194 | $ 463 | $ (70) | $ 1,726 |
CER adjustment(1) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Core earnings, CER basis (post-tax) | $ 720 | $ 419 | $ 194 | $ 463 | $ (70) | $ 1,726 |
Income tax on core earnings, CER basis(2) | 94 | 110 | 37 | 89 | (32) | 298 |
Core earnings, CER basis (pre-tax) | $ 814 | $ 529 | $ 231 | $ 552 | $ (102) | $ 2,024 |
Core earnings (U.S. dollars) – Asia and U.S. segments | ||||||
Core earnings (post-tax)(3), US $ | $ 520 | $ 141 | ||||
CER adjustment US $(1) | - | - | ||||
Core earnings, CER basis (post-tax), US $ | $ 520 | $ 141 | ||||
(1) | The impact of updating foreign exchange rates to that which was used in 2Q25. |
(2) | Income tax on core earnings adjusted to reflect the foreign exchange rates for the Statement of Income in effect for 2Q25. |
(3) | Core earnings (post-tax) in Canadian $ is translated to US $ using the US $ Statement of Income exchange rate for 2Q25. |
Reconciliation of core earnings to net income attributed to shareholders – 1Q25
($ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)
1Q25 | ||||||
Asia | Canada | U.S. | Global WAM | Corporate and | Total | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | $ 870 | $ 305 | $ (731) | $ 528 | $ (273) | $ 699 |
Income tax (expenses) recoveries | ||||||
Core earnings | (101) | (89) | (84) | (86) | 29 | (331) |
Items excluded from core earnings | (30) | 30 | 246 | 2 | 7 | 255 |
Income tax (expenses) recoveries | (131) | (59) | 162 | (84) | 36 | (76) |
Net income (post-tax) | 739 | 246 | (569) | 444 | (237) | 623 |
Less: Net income (post-tax) attributed to | ||||||
Non-controlling interests | 67 | - | - | 1 | (2) | 66 |
Participating policyholders | 48 | 24 | - | - | - | 72 |
Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders (post-tax) | 624 | 222 | (569) | 443 | (235) | 485 |
Less: Items excluded from core earnings (post-tax) | ||||||
Market experience gains (losses) | (77) | (152) | (930) | (11) | (162) | (1,332) |
Changes in actuarial methods and assumptions that flow | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Restructuring charge | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Reinsurance transactions, tax related items and other | (4) | - | - | - | 54 | 50 |
Core earnings (post-tax) | $ 705 | $ 374 | $ 361 | $ 454 | $ (127) | $ 1,767 |
Income tax on core earnings (see above) | 101 | 89 | 84 | 86 | (29) | 331 |
Core earnings (pre-tax) | $ 806 | $ 463 | $ 445 | $ 540 | $ (156) | $ 2,098 |
Core earnings, CER basis and U.S. dollars – 1Q25
($ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)
1Q25 | ||||||
Asia | Canada | U.S. | Global WAM | Corporate and | Total | |
Core earnings (post-tax) | $ 705 | $ 374 | $ 361 | $ 454 | $ (127) | $ 1,767 |
CER adjustment(1) | (16) | - | (13) | (11) | - | (40) |
Core earnings, CER basis (post-tax) | $ 689 | $ 374 | $ 348 | $ 443 | $ (127) | $ 1,727 |
Income tax on core earnings, CER basis(2) | 99 | 89 | 81 | 84 | (29) | 324 |
Core earnings, CER basis (pre-tax) | $ 788 | $ 463 | $ 429 | $ 527 | $ (156) | $ 2,051 |
Core earnings (U.S. dollars) – Asia and U.S. segments | ||||||
Core earnings (post-tax)(3), US $ | $ 492 | $ 251 | ||||
CER adjustment US $(1) | 6 | - | ||||
Core earnings, CER basis (post-tax), US $ | $ 498 | $ 251 | ||||
(1) | The impact of updating foreign exchange rates to that which was used in 2Q25. |
(2) | Income tax on core earnings adjusted to reflect the foreign exchange rates for the Statement of Income in effect for 2Q25. |
(3) | Core earnings (post-tax) in Canadian $ are translated to US $ using the US $ Statement of Income exchange rate for 1Q25. |
Reconciliation of core earnings to net income attributed to shareholders – 2Q24(1)
($ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)
2Q24 | ||||||
Asia | Canada | U.S. | Global WAM | Corporate and | Total | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | $ 763 | $ 141 | $ 156 | $ 383 | $ (59) | $ 1,384 |
Income tax (expenses) recoveries | ||||||
Core earnings | (95) | (107) | (95) | (59) | 36 | (320) |
Items excluded from core earnings | (20) | 68 | 74 | 27 | (81) | 68 |
Income tax (expenses) recoveries | (115) | (39) | (21) | (32) | (45) | (252) |
Net income (post-tax) | 648 | 102 | 135 | 351 | (104) | 1,132 |
Less: Net income (post-tax) attributed to | ||||||
Non-controlling interests | 38 | - | - | 1 | - | 39 |
Participating policyholders | 28 | 23 | - | - | - | 51 |
Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders (post-tax) | 582 | 79 | 135 | 350 | (104) | 1,042 |
Less: Items excluded from core earnings (post-tax) | ||||||
Market experience gains (losses) | (58) | (364) | (280) | (7) | 44 | (665) |
Changes in actuarial methods and assumptions that flow | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Restructuring charge | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Reinsurance transactions, tax related items and other | 24 | 41 | - | (29) | (66) | (30) |
Core earnings (post-tax) | $ 616 | $ 402 | $ 415 | $ 386 | $ (82) | $ 1,737 |
Income tax on core earnings (see above) | 95 | 107 | 95 | 59 | (36) | 320 |
Core earnings (pre-tax) | $ 711 | $ 509 | $ 510 | $ 445 | $ (118) | $ 2,057 |
(1) | This reconciliation and related core earnings reconciliations below have been updated to align with the presentation of GMT in 2025. See section A7 "Global Minimum Taxes (GMT)" in our 2Q25 MD&A for more information. |
Core earnings, CER basis and U.S. dollars – 2Q24
($ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)
2Q24 | ||||||
Asia | Canada | U.S. | Global WAM | Corporate and | Total | |
Core earnings (post-tax) | $ 616 | $ 402 | $ 415 | $ 386 | $ (82) | $ 1,737 |
CER adjustment(1) | 19 | - | 4 | 3 | - | 26 |
Core earnings, CER basis (post-tax) | $ 635 | $ 402 | $ 419 | $ 389 | $ (82) | $ 1,763 |
Income tax on core earnings, CER basis(2) | 96 | 107 | 97 | 59 | (36) | 323 |
Core earnings, CER basis (pre-tax) | $ 731 | $ 509 | $ 516 | $ 448 | $ (118) | $ 2,086 |
Core earnings (U.S. dollars) – Asia and U.S. segments | ||||||
Core earnings (post-tax)(3), US $ | $ 449 | $ 303 | ||||
CER adjustment US $(1) | 10 | - | ||||
Core earnings, CER basis (post-tax), US $ | $ 459 | $ 303 | ||||
(1) | The impact of updating foreign exchange rates to that which was used in 2Q25. |
(2) | Income tax on core earnings adjusted to reflect the foreign exchange rates for the Statement of Income in effect for 2Q25. |
(3) | Core earnings (post-tax) in Canadian $ are translated to US $ using the US $ Statement of Income exchange rate for 2Q24. |
Reconciliation of core earnings to net income attributed to shareholders – YTD 2025
($ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)
YTD 2025 | ||||||
Asia | Canada | U.S. | Global WAM | Corporate and | Total | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | $ 1,962 | $ 831 | $ (700) | $ 1,103 | $ (236) | $ 2,960 |
Income tax (expenses) recoveries | ||||||
Core earnings | (195) | (199) | (121) | (175) | 61 | (629) |
Items excluded from core earnings | (85) | 25 | 288 | (2) | (11) | 215 |
Income tax (expenses) recoveries | (280) | (174) | 167 | (177) | 50 | (414) |
Net income (post-tax) | 1,682 | 657 | (533) | 926 | (186) | 2,546 |
Less: Net income (post-tax) attributed to | ||||||
Non-controlling interests | 116 | - | - | 1 | (2) | 115 |
Participating policyholders | 112 | 45 | - | - | - | 157 |
Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders (post-tax) | 1,454 | 612 | (533) | 925 | (184) | 2,274 |
Less: Items excluded from core earnings (post-tax) | ||||||
Market experience gains (losses) | 84 | (179) | (1,088) | 5 | (41) | (1,219) |
Changes in actuarial methods and assumptions that flow directly through income | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Restructuring charge | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Reinsurance transactions, tax related items and other | (55) | (2) | - | 3 | 54 | - |
Core earnings (post-tax) | $ 1,425 | $ 793 | $ 555 | $ 917 | $ (197) | $ 3,493 |
Income tax on core earnings (see above) | 195 | 199 | 121 | 175 | (61) | 629 |
Core earnings (pre-tax) | $ 1,620 | $ 992 | $ 676 | $ 1,092 | $ (258) | $ 4,122 |
Core earnings, CER basis and U.S. dollars – YTD 2025
($ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)
YTD 2025 | ||||||
Asia | Canada | U.S. | Global WAM | Corporate and | Total | |
Core earnings (post-tax) | $ 1,425 | $ 793 | $ 555 | $ 917 | $ (197) | $ 3,493 |
CER adjustment(1) | (16) | - | (13) | (11) | - | (40) |
Core earnings, CER basis (post-tax) | $ 1,409 | $ 793 | $ 542 | $ 906 | $ (197) | $ 3,453 |
Income tax on core earnings, CER basis(2) | 193 | 199 | 118 | 173 | (61) | 622 |
Core earnings, CER basis (pre-tax) | $ 1,602 | $ 992 | $ 660 | $ 1,079 | $ (258) | $ 4,075 |
Core earnings (U.S. dollars) – Asia and U.S. segments | ||||||
Core earnings (post-tax)(3), US $ | $ 1,012 | $ 392 | ||||
CER adjustment US $(1) | 6 | - | ||||
Core earnings, CER basis (post-tax), US $ | $ 1,018 | $ 392 | ||||
(1) | The impact of updating foreign exchange rates to that which was used in 2Q25. |
(2) | Income tax on core earnings adjusted to reflect the foreign exchange rates for the Statement of Income in effect for 2Q25. |
(3) | Core earnings (post-tax) in Canadian $ is translated to US $ using the US $ Statement of Income exchange rate for the respective quarters that make up 2025 year-to-date core earnings. |
Reconciliation of core earnings to net income attributed to shareholders – YTD 2024(1)
($ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)
YTD 2024 | ||||||
Asia | Canada | U.S. | Global WAM | Corporate and | Total | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | $ 1,357 | $ 522 | $ 2 | $ 809 | $ (54) | $ 2,636 |
Income tax (expenses) recoveries | ||||||
Core earnings | (193) | (198) | (198) | (125) | 64 | (650) |
Items excluded from core earnings | (72) | 76 | 223 | 32 | (141) | 118 |
Income tax (expenses) recoveries | (265) | (122) | 25 | (93) | (77) | (532) |
Net income (post-tax) | 1,092 | 400 | 27 | 716 | (131) | 2,104 |
Less: Net income (post-tax) attributed to | ||||||
Non-controlling interests | 93 | - | - | 1 | - | 94 |
Participating policyholders | 54 | 48 | - | - | - | 102 |
Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders (post-tax) | 945 | 352 | 27 | 715 | (131) | 1,908 |
Less: Items excluded from core earnings (post-tax) | ||||||
Market experience gains (losses) | (308) | (455) | (814) | (1) | 134 | (1,444) |
Changes in actuarial methods and assumptions that flow directly through income | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Restructuring charge | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Reinsurance transactions, tax related items and other | 11 | 41 | (26) | (19) | (102) | (95) |
Core earnings (post-tax) | $ 1,242 | $ 766 | $ 867 | $ 735 | $ (163) | $ 3,447 |
Income tax on core earnings (see above) | 193 | 198 | 198 | 125 | (64) | 650 |
Core earnings (pre-tax) | $ 1,435 | $ 964 | $ 1,065 | $ 860 | $ (227) | $ 4,097 |
(1) | This reconciliation and related core earnings reconciliations below have been updated to align with the presentation of GMT in 2025. See section A7 "Global Minimum Taxes (GMT)" in our 2Q25 MD&A for more information. |
Core earnings, CER basis and U.S. dollars – YTD 2024
($ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)
YTD 2024 | ||||||
Asia | Canada | U.S. | Global WAM | Corporate and Other | Total | |
Core earnings (post-tax) | $ 1,242 | $ 766 | $ 867 | $ 735 | $ (163) | $ 3,447 |
CER adjustment(1) | 38 | - | 16 | 10 | 1 | 65 |
Core earnings, CER basis (post-tax) | $ 1,280 | $ 766 | $ 883 | $ 745 | $ (162) | $ 3,512 |
Income tax on core earnings, CER basis(2) | 197 | 198 | 202 | 126 | (63) | 660 |
Core earnings, CER basis (pre-tax) | $ 1,477 | $ 964 | $ 1,085 | $ 871 | $ (225) | $ 4,172 |
Core earnings (U.S. dollars) – Asia and U.S. segments | ||||||
Core earnings (post-tax)(3), US $ | $ 914 | $ 638 | ||||
CER adjustment US $(1) | 11 | - | ||||
Core earnings, CER basis (post-tax), US $ | $ 925 | $ 638 | ||||
(1) | The impact of updating foreign exchange rates to that which was used in 2Q25. |
(2) | Income tax on core earnings adjusted to reflect the foreign exchange rates for the Statement of Income in effect for 2Q25. |
(3) | Core earnings (post-tax) in Canadian $ is translated to US $ using the US $ Statement of Income exchange rate for the respective quarters that make up 2025 year-to-date core earnings. |
Core earnings available to common shareholders(1)
($ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)
Quarterly Results | YTD Results | Full Year | ||||||
2Q25 | 1Q25 | 4Q24 | 3Q24 | 2Q24 | 2025 | 2024 | 2024 | |
Core earnings | $ 1,726 | $ 1,767 | $ 1,907 | $ 1,828 | $ 1,737 | $ 3,493 | $ 3,447 | $ 7,182 |
Less: Preferred share dividends and other equity distributions | 103 | 57 | 101 | 56 | 99 | 160 | 154 | 311 |
Core earnings available to common shareholders | 1,623 | 1,710 | 1,806 | 1,772 | 1,638 | 3,333 | 3,293 | 6,871 |
CER adjustment(2) | - | (40) | (9) | 23 | 26 | (40) | 65 | 79 |
Core earnings available to common shareholders, CER basis | $ 1,623 | $ 1,670 | $ 1,797 | $ 1,795 | $ 1,664 | $ 3,293 | $ 3,358 | $ 6,950 |
(1) | 2024 reconciliations have been updated to align with the presentation of GMT in 2025. |
(2) | The impact of updating foreign exchange rates to which was used in 2Q25. |
Core ROE(1)
($ millions, unless otherwise stated)
Quarterly Results | YTD Results | Full Year | ||||||
2Q25 | 1Q25 | 4Q24 | 3Q24 | 2Q24 | 2025 | 2024 | 2024 | |
Core earnings available to common shareholders | $ 1,623 | $ 1,710 | $ 1,806 | $ 1,772 | $ 1,638 | $ 3,333 | $ 3,293 | $ 6,871 |
Annualized core earnings available to common | $ 6,510 | $ 6,935 | $ 7,185 | $ 7,049 | $ 6,588 | $ 6,721 | $ 6,622 | $ 6,871 |
Average common shareholders' equity (see below) | $ 43,448 | $ 44,394 | $ 43,613 | $ 42,609 | $ 41,947 | $ 43,921 | $ 41,466 | $ 42,288 |
Core ROE (annualized) (%) | 15.0 % | 15.6 % | 16.5 % | 16.6 % | 15.7 % | 15.3 % | 16.0 % | 16.2 % |
Average common shareholders' equity | ||||||||
Total shareholders' and other equity | $ 49,080 | $ 51,135 | $ 50,972 | $ 49,573 | $ 48,965 | $ 49,080 | $ 48,965 | $ 50,972 |
Less: Preferred shares and other equity | 6,660 | 6,660 | 6,660 | 6,660 | 6,660 | 6,660 | 6,660 | 6,660 |
Common shareholders' equity | $ 42,420 | $ 44,475 | $ 44,312 | $ 42,913 | $ 42,305 | $ 42,420 | $ 42,305 | $ 44,312 |
Average common shareholders' equity | $ 43,448 | $ 44,394 | $ 43,613 | $ 42,609 | $ 41,947 | $ 43,921 | $ 41,466 | $ 42,288 |
(1) | 2024 reconciliations have been updated to align with the presentation of GMT in 2025. See section A7 "Global Minimum Taxes (GMT)" in our 2Q25 MD&A for more information. |
CSM and post-tax CSM information(1)
($ millions pre-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)
As at | Jun 30, 2025 | Mar 31, 2025 | Dec 31, 2024 | Sep 30, 2024 | Jun 30, 2024 |
CSM | $ 23,722 | $ 23,713 | $ 23,425 | $ 22,213 | $ 21,760 |
Less: CSM for NCI | 1,406 | 1,417 | 1,298 | 1,283 | 1,002 |
CSM, net of NCI | $ 22,316 | $ 22,296 | $ 22,127 | $ 20,930 | $ 20,758 |
CER adjustment(2) | - | (737) | (582) | 50 | 277 |
CSM, net of NCI, CER basis | $ 22,316 | $ 21,559 | $ 21,545 | $ 20,980 | $ 21,035 |
CSM by segment | |||||
Asia | $ 15,786 | $ 15,904 | $ 15,540 | $ 14,715 | $ 13,456 |
Asia NCI | 1,406 | 1,417 | 1,298 | 1,283 | 1,002 |
Canada | 4,133 | 4,052 | 4,109 | 4,036 | 3,769 |
U.S. | 2,386 | 2,329 | 2,468 | 2,171 | 3,522 |
Corporate and Other | 11 | 11 | 10 | 8 | 11 |
CSM | $ 23,722 | $ 23,713 | $ 23,425 | $ 22,213 | $ 21,760 |
CSM, CER adjustment(2) | |||||
Asia | $ - | $ (617) | $ (453) | $ 30 | $ 288 |
Asia NCI | - | (55) | (40) | (14) | 17 |
Canada | - | - | - | - | - |
U.S. | - | (121) | (128) | 20 | (12) |
Corporate and Other | - | - | - | - | - |
Total | $ - | $ (793) | $ (621) | $ 36 | $ 293 |
CSM, CER basis | |||||
Asia | $ 15,786 | $ 15,287 | $ 15,087 | $ 14,745 | $ 13,744 |
Asia NCI | 1,406 | 1,362 | 1,258 | 1,269 | 1,019 |
Canada | 4,133 | 4,052 | 4,109 | 4,036 | 3,769 |
U.S. | 2,386 | 2,208 | 2,340 | 2,191 | 3,510 |
Corporate and Other | 11 | 11 | 10 | 8 | 11 |
Total CSM, CER basis | $ 23,722 | $ 22,920 | $ 22,804 | $ 22,249 | $ 22,053 |
Post-tax CSM | |||||
CSM | $ 23,722 | $ 23,713 | $ 23,425 | $ 22,213 | $ 21,760 |
Marginal tax rate on CSM | (3,940) | (3,929) | (3,928) | (3,719) | (3,718) |
Post-tax CSM | $ 19,782 | $ 19,784 | $ 19,497 | $ 18,494 | $ 18,042 |
CSM, net of NCI | $ 22,316 | $ 22,296 | $ 22,127 | $ 20,930 | $ 20,758 |
Marginal tax rate on CSM net of NCI | (3,789) | (3,772) | (3,774) | (3,566) | (3,608) |
Post-tax CSM net of NCI | $ 18,527 | $ 18,524 | $ 18,353 | $ 17,364 | $ 17,150 |
(1) | 2024 reconciliations have been updated to align with the presentation of GMT in 2025. See section A7 "Global Minimum Taxes (GMT)" in our 2Q25 MD&A for more information. |
(2) | The impact of reflecting CSM and CSM net of NCI using the foreign exchange rates for the Statement of Financial Position in effect for 2Q25. |
New business CSM(1) detail, CER basis
($ millions pre-tax, and based on actual foreign exchange rates in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)
Quarterly Results | YTD Results | Full Year | ||||||
2Q25 | 1Q25 | 4Q24 | 3Q24 | 2Q24 | 2025 | 2024 | 2024 | |
New business CSM | ||||||||
Hong Kong | $ 286 | $ 316 | $ 299 | $ 254 | $ 200 | $ 602 | $ 368 | $ 921 |
Japan | 74 | 81 | 66 | 86 | 90 | 155 | 138 | 290 |
Asia Other(2) | 303 | 318 | 221 | 253 | 188 | 621 | 463 | 937 |
International High Net Worth | 187 | |||||||
Mainland China | 270 | |||||||
Singapore | 391 | |||||||
Vietnam | 17 | |||||||
Other Emerging Markets | 72 | |||||||
Asia | 663 | 715 | 586 | 593 | 478 | 1,378 | 969 | 2,148 |
Canada | 100 | 91 | 116 | 95 | 76 | 191 | 146 | 357 |
U.S. | 119 | 101 | 140 | 71 | 74 | 220 | 171 | 382 |
Total new business CSM | $ 882 | $ 907 | $ 842 | $ 759 | $ 628 | $ 1,789 | $ 1,286 | $ 2,887 |
New business CSM, CER adjustment(3) | ||||||||
Hong Kong | - | $ (11) | $ (3) | $ 4 | $ 1 | (11) | $ 6 | $ 6 |
Japan | - | 2 | 3 | 5 | 9 | 2 | 11 | 19 |
Asia Other(2) | - | (6) | (1) | 5 | 6 | (6) | 15 | 20 |
International High Net Worth | 2 | |||||||
Mainland China | 2 | |||||||
Singapore | 15 | |||||||
Vietnam | (1) | |||||||
Other Emerging Markets | 2 | |||||||
Asia | - | (15) | (1) | 14 | 16 | (15) | 32 | 45 |
Canada | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (1) |
U.S. | - | (4) | (1) | 1 | 1 | (4) | 4 | 3 |
Total new business CSM | $ - | $ (19) | $ (2) | $ 15 | $ 17 | $ (19) | $ 36 | $ 47 |
New business CSM, CER basis | ||||||||
Hong Kong | $ 286 | $ 305 | $ 296 | $ 258 | $ 201 | $ 591 | $ 374 | $ 927 |
Japan | 74 | 83 | 69 | 91 | 99 | 157 | 149 | 309 |
Asia Other(2) | 303 | 312 | 220 | 258 | 194 | 615 | 478 | 957 |
International High Net Worth | 189 | |||||||
Mainland China | 272 | |||||||
Singapore | 406 | |||||||
Vietnam | 16 | |||||||
Other Emerging Markets | 74 | |||||||
Asia | 663 | 700 | 585 | 607 | 494 | 1,363 | 1,001 | 2,193 |
Canada | 100 | 91 | 116 | 95 | 76 | 191 | 146 | 356 |
U.S. | 119 | 97 | 139 | 72 | 75 | 216 | 175 | 385 |
Total new business CSM, CER basis | $ 882 | $ 888 | $ 840 | $ 774 | $ 645 | $ 1,770 | $ 1,322 | $ 2,934 |
(1) | New business CSM is net of NCI. |
(2) | New business CSM for Asia Other is reported by country annually, on a full year basis. Other Emerging Markets within Asia Other include Indonesia, the Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand, Cambodia and Myanmar. |
(3) | The impact of updating foreign exchange rates to that which was used in 2Q25. |
Net income financial measures on a CER basis
($ Canadian millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)
Quarterly Results | YTD Results | Full Year | ||||||
2Q25 | 1Q25 | 4Q24 | 3Q24 | 2Q24 | 2025 | 2024 | 2024 | |
Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders: | ||||||||
Asia | $ 830 | $ 624 | $ 583 | $ 827 | $ 582 | $ 1,454 | $ 945 | $ 2,355 |
Canada | 390 | 222 | 439 | 430 | 79 | 612 | 352 | 1,221 |
U.S. | 36 | (569) | 103 | 5 | 135 | (533) | 27 | 135 |
Global WAM | 482 | 443 | 384 | 498 | 350 | 925 | 715 | 1,597 |
Corporate and Other | 51 | (235) | 129 | 79 | (104) | (184) | (131) | 77 |
Total net income (loss) attributed to shareholders | 1,789 | 485 | 1,638 | 1,839 | 1,042 | 2,274 | 1,908 | 5,385 |
Preferred share dividends and other equity distributions | (103) | (57) | (101) | (56) | (99) | (160) | (154) | (311) |
Common shareholders' net income (loss) | $ 1,686 | $ 428 | $ 1,537 | $ 1,783 | $ 943 | $ 2,114 | $ 1,754 | $ 5,074 |
CER adjustment(1) | ||||||||
Asia | $ - | $ (33) | $ (9) | $ 8 | $ (6) | $ (33) | $ 9 | $ 8 |
Canada | - | 1 | (4) | (1) | 2 | 1 | 6 | 2 |
U.S. | - | 19 | (3) | 2 | 1 | 19 | 9 | 8 |
Global WAM | - | (16) | (4) | 4 | 4 | (16) | 11 | 11 |
Corporate and Other | - | 5 | (1) | (3) | (3) | 5 | (7) | (12) |
Total net income (loss) attributed to shareholders | - | (24) | (21) | 10 | (2) | (24) | 28 | 17 |
Preferred share dividends and other equity distributions | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Common shareholders' net income (loss) | $ - | $ (24) | $ (21) | $ 10 | $ (2) | $ (24) | $ 28 | $ 17 |
Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders, CER basis | ||||||||
Asia | $ 830 | $ 591 | $ 574 | $ 835 | $ 576 | $ 1,421 | $ 954 | $ 2,363 |
Canada | 390 | 223 | 435 | 429 | 81 | 613 | 358 | 1,223 |
U.S. | 36 | (550) | 100 | 7 | 136 | (514) | 36 | 143 |
Global WAM | 482 | 427 | 380 | 502 | 354 | 909 | 726 | 1,608 |
Corporate and Other | 51 | (230) | 128 | 76 | (107) | (179) | (138) | 65 |
Total net income (loss) attributed to shareholders, CER basis | 1,789 | 461 | 1,617 | 1,849 | 1,040 | 2,250 | 1,936 | 5,402 |
Preferred share dividends and other equity distributions, CER basis | (103) | (57) | (101) | (56) | (99) | (160) | (154) | (311) |
Common shareholders' net income (loss), CER basis | $ 1,686 | $ 404 | $ 1,516 | $ 1,793 | $ 941 | $ 2,090 | $ 1,782 | $ 5,091 |
Asia net income attributed to shareholders, U.S. dollars | ||||||||
Asia net income (loss) attributed to shareholders, US $(2) | $ 600 | $ 435 | $ 417 | $ 606 | $ 424 | $ 1,035 | $ 694 | $ 1,717 |
CER adjustment, US $(1) | - | (8) | (2) | (3) | (7) | (8) | (5) | (10) |
Asia net income (loss) attributed to shareholders, U.S. $, CER basis(1) | $ 600 | $ 427 | $ 415 | $ 603 | $ 417 | $ 1,027 | $ 689 | $ 1,707 |
Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders (pre-tax) | ||||||||
Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders (post-tax) | $ 1,789 | $ 485 | $ 1,638 | $ 1,839 | $ 1,042 | $ 2,274 | $ 1,908 | $ 5,385 |
Tax on net income attributed to shareholders | 307 | 47 | 388 | 229 | 238 | 354 | 485 | 1,102 |
Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders (pre-tax) | 2,096 | 532 | 2,026 | 2,068 | 1,280 | 2,628 | 2,393 | 6,487 |
CER adjustment(1) | - | (3) | 1 | 23 | 24 | (3) | 31 | 56 |
Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders (pre-tax), CER basis | $ 2,096 | $ 529 | $ 2,027 | $ 2,091 | $ 1,304 | $ 2,625 | $ 2,424 | $ 6,543 |
(1) | The impact of updating foreign exchange rates to that which was used in 2Q25. |
(2) | Asia net income attributed to shareholders (post-tax) in Canadian dollars is translated to U.S. dollars using the U.S. dollar Statement of Income rate for the reporting period. |
Adjusted book value(1)
($ millions)
As at | Jun 30, 2025 | Mar 31, 2025 | Dec 31, 2024 | Sep 30, 2024 | Jun 30, 2024 |
($ millions) | |||||
Common shareholders' equity | $ 42,420 | $ 44,475 | $ 44,312 | $ 42,913 | $ 42,305 |
Post-tax CSM, net of NCI | 18,527 | 18,524 | 18,353 | 17,364 | 17,150 |
Adjusted book value | $ 60,947 | $ 62,999 | $ 62,665 | $ 60,277 | $ 59,455 |
(1) | 2024 reconciliations have been updated to align with the presentation of GMT in 2025. See section A7 "Global Minimum Taxes (GMT)" in our 2Q25 MD&A for more information. |
Reconciliation of Global WAM core earnings to core EBITDA
($ millions, pre-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)
Quarterly Results | YTD Results | Full Year | ||||||
2Q25 | 1Q25 | 4Q24 | 3Q24 | 2Q24 | 2025 | 2024 | 2024 | |
Global WAM core earnings (post-tax) | $ 463 | $ 454 | $ 459 | $ 479 | $ 386 | $ 917 | $ 735 | $ 1,673 |
Add back taxes, acquisition costs, other expenses and deferred sales commissions | ||||||||
Core income tax (expenses) recoveries (see above) | 89 | 86 | 83 | 26 | 59 | 175 | 125 | 234 |
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and other depreciation | 51 | 46 | 49 | 48 | 49 | 97 | 91 | 188 |
Amortization of deferred sales commissions | 20 | 22 | 20 | 19 | 19 | 42 | 39 | 78 |
Core EBITDA | $ 623 | $ 608 | $ 611 | $ 572 | $ 513 | $ 1,231 | $ 990 | $ 2,173 |
CER adjustment(1) | - | (15) | (5) | 7 | 3 | (15) | 12 | 14 |
Core EBITDA, CER basis | $ 623 | $ 593 | $ 606 | $ 579 | $ 516 | $ 1,216 | $ 1,002 | $ 2,187 |
(1) | The impact of updating foreign exchange rates to that which was used in 2Q25. |
Core EBITDA margin and core revenue
($ millions, unless otherwise stated)
Quarterly Results | YTD Results | Full Year | ||||||
2Q25 | 1Q25 | 4Q24 | 3Q24 | 2Q24 | 2025 | 2024 | 2024 | |
Core EBITDA margin | ||||||||
Core EBITDA | $ 623 | $ 608 | $ 611 | $ 572 | $ 513 | $ 1,231 | $ 990 | $ 2,173 |
Core revenue | $ 2,069 | $ 2,140 | $ 2,140 | $ 2,055 | $ 1,948 | $ 4,209 | $ 3,821 | $ 8,016 |
Core EBITDA margin | 30.1 % | 28.4 % | 28.6 % | 27.8 % | 26.3 % | 29.2 % | 25.9 % | 27.1 % |
Global WAM core revenue | ||||||||
Other revenue per financial statements | $ 1,851 | $ 1,986 | $ 2,003 | $ 1,928 | $ 1,849 | $ 3,837 | $ 3,657 | $ 7,588 |
Less: Other revenue in segments other than Global WAM | (48) | 11 | (2) | 53 | 40 | (37) | 98 | 149 |
Other revenue in Global WAM (fee income) | $ 1,899 | $ 1,975 | $ 2,005 | $ 1,875 | $ 1,809 | $ 3,874 | $ 3,559 | $ 7,439 |
Investment income per financial statements | $ 4,740 | $ 4,234 | $ 5,250 | $ 4,487 | $ 4,261 | $ 8,974 | $ 8,512 | $ 18,249 |
Realized and unrealized gains (losses) on assets supporting insurance and | 2,377 | (992) | (622) | 1,730 | 564 | 1,385 | 1,102 | 2,210 |
Total investment income | 7,117 | 3,242 | 4,628 | 6,217 | 4,825 | 10,359 | 9,614 | 20,459 |
Less: Investment income in segments other than Global WAM | 6,924 | 3,089 | 4,550 | 5,991 | 4,687 | 10,013 | 9,336 | 19,877 |
Investment income in Global WAM | $ 193 | $ 153 | $ 78 | $ 226 | $ 138 | $ 346 | $ 278 | $ 582 |
Total other revenue and investment income in Global WAM | $ 2,092 | $ 2,128 | $ 2,083 | $ 2,101 | $ 1,947 | $ 4,220 | $ 3,837 | $ 8,021 |
Less: Total revenue reported in items excluded from core earnings | ||||||||
Market experience gains (losses) | 20 | (14) | (28) | 33 | (9) | 6 | (1) | 4 |
Revenue related to integration and acquisitions | 3 | 2 | (29) | 13 | 8 | 5 | 17 | 1 |
Global WAM core revenue | $ 2,069 | $ 2,140 | $ 2,140 | $ 2,055 | $ 1,948 | $ 4,209 | $ 3,821 | $ 8,016 |
Core earnings excluding the change in ECL
($ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)
For the three months ended June 30, | 2025 | 2024 |
Core earnings | $ 1,726 | $ 1,737 |
Less: (Increase) recovery in the ECL(1) | (83) | (4) |
Core earnings, excluding change in ECL | 1,809 | 1,741 |
CER adjustment(2) | - | 26 |
Core earnings, excluding change in ECL, CER basis | $ 1,809 | $ 1,767 |
(1) | 2Q24 excludes the change in ECL related to the RGA Canadian Reinsurance Transaction. |
(2) | The impact of updating foreign exchange rates to that which was used in 2Q25. |
Core earnings available to common shareholders excluding the change in ECL
($ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)
For the three months ended June 30, | 2025 | 2024 |
Core earnings available to common shareholders | $ 1,623 | $ 1,638 |
Less: (Increase) recovery in the ECL(1) | (83) | (4) |
Core earnings available to common shareholders, excluding change in ECL | 1,706 | 1,642 |
CER adjustment(2) | - | 26 |
Core earnings available to common shareholders, excluding change in ECL, CER basis | $ 1,706 | $ 1,668 |
(1) | 2Q24 excludes the change in ECL related to the RGA Canadian Reinsurance transaction. |
(2) | The impact of updating foreign exchange rates to that which was used in 2Q25. |
Core expenses
($ millions, and based on actual foreign exchange rates in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)
Quarterly Results | YTD Results | Full Year | ||||||
2Q25 | 1Q25 | 4Q24 | 3Q24 | 2Q24 | 2025 | 2024 | 2024 | |
Core expenses | ||||||||
General expenses – Statements of Income | $ 1,140 | $ 1,202 | $ 1,328 | $ 1,204 | $ 1,225 | $ 2,342 | $ 2,327 | $ 4,859 |
Directly attributable acquisition expense for contracts measured using the PAA method(1) | 40 | 42 | 43 | 36 | 39 | 82 | 77 | 156 |
Directly attributable maintenance expense(1) | 514 | 532 | 517 | 509 | 509 | 1,046 | 1,048 | 2,074 |
Total expenses | 1,694 | 1,776 | 1,888 | 1,749 | 1,773 | 3,470 | 3,452 | 7,089 |
Less: General expenses included in items excluded from core earnings | ||||||||
Restructuring charge | - | - | 67 | 25 | - | - | - | 92 |
Integration and acquisition | - | - | - | - | 57 | - | 57 | 57 |
Legal provisions and Other expenses | 5 | - | 24 | 8 | 3 | 5 | 9 | 41 |
Total | 5 | - | 91 | 33 | 60 | 5 | 66 | 190 |
Core expenses | $ 1,689 | $ 1,776 | $ 1,797 | $ 1,716 | $ 1,713 | $ 3,465 | $ 3,386 | $ 6,899 |
CER adjustment(2) | - | (29) | (5) | 15 | 19 | (29) | 47 | 58 |
Core expenses, CER basis | $ 1,689 | $ 1,747 | $ 1,792 | $ 1,731 | $ 1,732 | $ 3,436 | $ 3,433 | $ 6,957 |
Total expenses | $ 1,694 | $ 1,776 | $ 1,888 | $ 1,749 | $ 1,773 | $ 3,470 | $ 3,452 | $ 7,089 |
CER adjustment(2) | - | (30) | (5) | 15 | 20 | (30) | 48 | 58 |
Total expenses, CER basis | $ 1,694 | $ 1,746 | $ 1,883 | $ 1,764 | $ 1,793 | $ 3,440 | $ 3,500 | $ 7,147 |
(1) | Expenses are components of insurance service expenses on the Statements of Income that flow directly through income. |
(2) | The impact of updating foreign exchange rates to that which was used in 2Q25. |
CAUTION REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
From time to time, Manulife makes written and/or oral forward-looking statements, including in this document. In addition, our representatives may make forward-looking statements orally to analysts, investors, the media and others. All such statements are made pursuant to the "safe harbour" provisions of Canadian provincial securities laws and the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.
The forward-looking statements in this document include, but are not limited to, statements with respect to our ability to achieve our medium-term financial and operating targets, continued share buybacks, Comvest's expected contribution to our future growth, the expected timing of the closing of the Comvest acquisition and also relate to, among other things, our objectives, goals, strategies, intentions, plans, beliefs, expectations and estimates, and can generally be identified by the use of words such as "may", "will", "could", "should", "would", "likely", "suspect", "outlook", "expect", "intend", "estimate", "anticipate", "believe", "plan", "forecast", "objective", "seek", "aim", "continue", "goal", "restore", "embark" and "endeavour" (or the negative thereof) and words and expressions of similar import, and include statements concerning possible or assumed future results. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, such statements involve risks and uncertainties, and undue reliance should not be placed on such statements and they should not be interpreted as confirming market or analysts' expectations in any way.
Certain material factors or assumptions are applied in making forward-looking statements and actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in such statements.
Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations include but are not limited to: general business and economic conditions (including but not limited to the performance, volatility and correlation of equity markets, interest rates, credit and swap spreads, inflation rates, currency rates, investment losses and defaults, market liquidity and creditworthiness of guarantors, reinsurers and counterparties); changes in laws and regulations; changes in accounting standards applicable in any of the territories in which we operate; changes in regulatory capital requirements; our ability to obtain premium rate increases on in-force policies; our ability to execute strategic plans and changes to strategic plans; downgrades in our financial strength or credit ratings; our ability to maintain our reputation; impairments of goodwill or intangible assets or the establishment of provisions against future tax assets; the accuracy of estimates relating to morbidity, mortality and policyholder behaviour; the accuracy of other estimates used in applying accounting policies and actuarial methods and embedded value methods; our ability to implement effective hedging strategies and unforeseen consequences arising from such strategies; our ability to source appropriate assets to back our long-dated liabilities; level of competition and consolidation; our ability to market and distribute products through current and future distribution channels; unforeseen liabilities or asset impairments arising from acquisitions and dispositions of businesses; the realization of losses arising from the sale of investments classified fair value through other comprehensive income; our liquidity, including the availability of financing to satisfy existing financial liabilities on expected maturity dates when required; obligations to pledge additional collateral; the availability of letters of credit to provide capital management flexibility; accuracy of information received from counterparties and the ability of counterparties to meet their obligations; the availability, affordability and adequacy of reinsurance; legal and regulatory proceedings, including tax audits, tax litigation or similar proceedings; our ability to adapt products and services to the changing market; our ability to attract and retain key executives, employees and agents; the appropriate use and interpretation of complex models or deficiencies in models used; political, legal, operational and other risks associated with our operations; geopolitical uncertainty, including international conflicts and trade disputes; acquisitions and our ability to complete acquisitions including the availability of equity and debt financing for this purpose; the disruption of or changes to key elements of the Company's or public infrastructure systems; environmental concerns, including climate change; our ability to protect our intellectual property and exposure to claims of infringement; our inability to withdraw cash from subsidiaries; the timing to close the Comvest acquisition and the fact that the amount and timing of any future common share repurchases will depend on the earnings, cash requirements and financial condition of Manulife, market conditions, capital requirements (including under LICAT capital standards), common share issuance requirements, applicable law and regulations (including Canadian and U.S. securities laws and Canadian insurance company regulations), and other factors deemed relevant by Manulife, and may be subject to regulatory approval or conditions.
Additional information about material risk factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations and about material factors or assumptions applied in making forward-looking statements may be found under "Risk Management and Risk Factors" and "Critical Actuarial and Accounting Policies" in the Management's Discussion and Analysis in our most recent annual report, under "Risk Management and Risk Factors Update" and "Critical Actuarial and Accounting Policies" in the Management's Discussion and Analysis in our most recent interim report, and in the "Risk Management" note to the Consolidated Financial Statements in our most recent annual and interim reports, as well as elsewhere in our filings with Canadian and U.S. securities regulators.
The forward-looking statements in this document are, unless otherwise indicated, stated as of the date hereof and are presented for the purpose of assisting investors and others in understanding our financial position and results of operations, our future operations, as well as our objectives and strategic priorities, and may not be appropriate for other purposes. We do not undertake to update any forward-looking statements, except as required by law.
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SOURCE Manulife Financial Corporation