Fourth quarter Adjusted EBITDA¹ of $11.1 million

Full-year 2024 Adjusted EBITDA of $48.5 million achieves high end of guidance

GRE adds over 60,000 net meters in 2024, expanding customer base 17%

Newark, NJ, March 10, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Genie Energy, Ltd. (NYSE:GNE), a leading retail energy and renewable energy solutions provider, today announced results for the fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2024.

Michael Stein, CEO Commentary

"Genie finished 2024 with a solid fourth quarter across both our retail and renewables businesses, even as we continued to invest significantly in growth initiatives. For the full year, we achieved the high end of our Adjusted EBITDA guidance.

"At GRE, we delivered a strong financial performance throughout the year. In the fourth quarter we capitalized on favorable market dynamics to ramp up our investment in customer acquisition, adding over 23,000 net meters. For the full year, we increased meters by over 60,000, or nearly 17%.

"At GREW, Diversegy, our energy procurement business, achieved Adjusted EBITDA profitability in 2024 and, at Genie Solar, we have essentially completed our strategic migration to the utility scale project vertical. Building, owning and operating utility-scale projects will enable us to capture their long-term residual value. In the fourth quarter, we continued to advance Genie Solar's project development pipeline and closed on a financing deal for our portfolio of currently operating arrays.

"We are excited about the growth prospects in 2025 across our businesses. For the full year, we maintain our annual consolidated Adjusted EBITDA guidance at $40 to $50 million. We also expect to continue to build our cash reserves and opportunistically buy back our stock while paying our current dividend."

Fourth Quarter 2024 Consolidated Highlights

(Compared to 4Q23. Unless otherwise noted, results of Genie Retail Energy International (GREI) are included in discontinued operations for all periods.)

●	Revenue decreased 1.9% to $102.9 million from $104.9 million;
●	Gross profit decreased 0.5% to $33.5 million and gross margin increased to 32.5% from 32.1%;
●	Loss from operations narrowed to $20.8 million compared to a loss from operations of $34.2 million;
	○	The loss from operations includes a $30.9 million non-cash charge for a loss reserve at Genie's captive insurance operations compared to a $45.1 million non-cash charge in 4Q23;
●	Adjusted EBITDA¹ decreased 2.8% to $11.1 million from $11.4 million;
●	Net loss attributable to Genie common stockholders was $15.3 million, or $0.58 per diluted share, compared to a net loss of $24.5 million, or $0.90 per diluted share;
	○	The net loss attributable to Genie common stockholders from continuing operations was $12.9 million, or $0.47 per diluted share, compared to a net loss of $25.0 million, or $0.91 per diluted share;
●	Non-GAAP¹net income and non-GAAP EPS¹ attributable to Genie common stockholders, which excludes the impact of the insurance loss reserve, of $6.5 million and $0.24 compared to $10.0 million and $0.37, respectively;
●	Cash and cash equivalents, short and long-term restricted cash, and marketable equity securities increased to $201.0 million at December 31, 2024, from $163.4 million at December 31, 2023;
●	Genie Energy paid a $0.075 per share quarterly dividend to Class A and Class B common stockholders on February 26, 2025 with a record date of February 18, 2025;
●	Genie Energy repurchased approximately 168,000 shares of its Class B Common stock for $2.5 million during

Full Year 2024 Consolidated Highlights

(Compared to 2023. Unless otherwise noted, results of Genie Retail Energy International (GREI) are included in discontinued operations for all periods.)

●	Revenue decreased 0.8% to $425.2 million from $428.7 million;
●	Gross profit decreased 5.3% to $138.5 million from $146.2 million; gross margin decreased to 32.6% from 34.1%;
●	Income from operations increased to $11.3 million from $10.0 million;
	○	Income from operations includes a $33.6 million non-cash charge for a loss reserve at Genie's captive insurance operations compared to a $45.1 million non-cash charge in 2023;
●	Adjusted EBITDA decreased to $48.5 million from $58.2 million;
●	Net income and diluted EPS attributable to Genie common stockholders of $12.3 million and $0.46, respectively, compared to net income of $20.3 million and $0.74 respectively;
	○	Net income and diluted EPS attributable to Genie common stockholders from continuing operations increased to $15.5 million and $0.58 from $12.8 million and $0.50, respectively;
●	Non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP EPS attributable to Genie common stockholders, which excluded the impact of the insurance loss reserve, of $38.1 million and $1.40, respectively, compared to $52.1 million and $2.00, respectively;
●	Genie Energy repurchased approximately 661,000 shares for $10.4 million in 2024.

Adjusted EBITDA, Non-GAAP net income (loss) attributable to Genie Energy Ltd. common stockholders, and Non-GAAP EPS for all periods presented are non-GAAP measures intended to provide useful information that supplements the core operating results in accordance with GAAP for Genie Energy or the relevant segment. Please refer to the Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures at the end of this release for an explanation of these non-GAAP metrics, as well as reconciliations to its most directly comparable GAAP measures.

Select Financial Metrics^*

(in $M except for EPS)**	4Q24				4Q23				Change				2024			2023			Change
Total Revenue	$	102.9			$	104.9				(1.9	)	%	$	425.2		$	428.7			(0.8	)	%
Genie Retail Energy	$	98.4			$	98.4				(0.1	)	%	$	403.3		$	409.9			(1.6	)	%
Electricity	$	82.1			$	82.1				0.0		%	$	350.5		$	350.8			(0.1	)	%
Natural Gas	$	16.2			$	15.1				7.5		%	$	52.1		$	56.0			(6.9	)	%
Genie Renewables	$	4.5			$	6.5				(30.1	)	%	$	21.9		$	18.8			16.1		%
Gross Margin		32.5		%		32.1		%		46		bps		32.6	%		34.1	%		(153	)	%
Genie Retail Energy		32.4		%		33.0		%		(55	)	bps		32.8	%		50.8	%		(221	)	bps
Genie Renewables		33.9		%		17.2		%		1,667		bps		29.0	%		15.1	%		1,385		bps
(Loss) Income from Operations	$	(20.8	)		$	(34.2		)		(39.2	)	%	$	11.3		$	10.0			12.8		%
Operating Margin		(20.2	)	%		(32.6	)	%		1,237		bps		2.7	%		2.3	%		32		bps
*Net (Loss) Income from Continuing Operations*	$	(13.0	)		$	(24.1	)			na			$	15.2		$	13.9			9.6		%
Net (Loss) Income Attributable to Genie Common Stockholders	$	(15.3	)		$	(24.5	)			na			$	12.6		$	19.2			(34.5	)	%
Diluted (Loss) Earnings Per Share	$	(0.58	)		$	(0.90	)			na			$	0.46		$	0.74			(37.1	)	%
Non-GAAP Net Income Attributable to Genie Common Stockholders	$	6.5			$	10.0				(35.3	)	%	$	38.1		$	52.1			(26.9	)	%
Non-GAAP Diluted Earnings Per Share	$	0.24			$	0.37				(33.9	)	%	$	1.40		$	2.00			(29.9	)	%
Adjusted EBITDA	$	11.1			$	11.4				(2.8	)	%	$	48.5		$	58.2			(16.8	)	%
Cash Flow from Continuing Operating Activities	$	11.1			$	18.4				(39.7	)	%	$	60.3		$	50.9			18.3		%

* Genie Retail International (GREI) has been classified as a discontinued operation and its results excluded from current and historical results

** Numbers may not add due to rounding

Segment Highlights

Genie Retail Energy (GRE)

Select GRE Operational Performance Metrics

RCEs and Meters in 1000s*

4Q24

4Q23

Change

Total RCEs

399

350

13.9

Electricity

319

272

17.2

Natural Gas

2.3

Total Meters

422

361

17.0

Electricity

333

279

19.2

Natural Gas

9.3

Gross Adds

76.3

Churn**

5.3

5.4

(10

)

bps

* Numbers may not add due to rounding

** Excludes expirations of aggregation deals

GRE's fourth quarter revenue decreased 0.1% to $98.4 million as a result of a decrease in revenue per kilowatt-hour sold which was substantially offset by a higher level of electricity consumption from GRE's larger retail customer base. Fourth quarter income from operations decreased 15.9% to $12.6 million from $15.0 million, and Adjusted EBITDA decreased 13.0% to $13.4 million from $15.4 million, primarily as the result of the reduced electricity margins compared to the year ago quarter and an increase in customer acquisition expense. During 4Q24, Genie Energy added 23,500 electric and gas meters net of churn.

GRE's full-year 2024 revenue decreased 1.6% to $403.3 million from $409.9 million. Income from operations decreased 21.4% to $56.5 million from $71.9 million, and Adjusted EBITDA decreased 20.4% to $58.4 million from $73.3 million, reflecting GRE's reduced gross margins on electricity sales compared to the prior year and the increased pace of customer acquisitions in 2024 compared to 2023. During 2024, GRE added approximately 60,900 electric and gas meters net of churn.

Genie Renewables (GREW)

GREW's fourth quarter revenue decreased 30.1% year-over-year to $4.5 million from $6.5 million as growth at Diversegy, Genie's energy procurement business, substantially offset the impacts of Genie Solar's exit from the commercial-scale solar project development market. GREW's fourth quarter loss from operations narrowed to $0.7 million in 2024 from a loss of $1.3 million in 4Q23, while the Adjusted EBITDA loss narrowed to $0.5 from $1.3 million. The narrower loss in the quarter reflected the growth of Diversegy and reduced operating expense at Genie Solar.

GREW's full-year 2024 revenue increased 16.1% to $21.9 million from $18.8 million in 2023, and gross profit increased 122.5% from $2.8 million to $6.3 million substantially reflecting growth at Diversegy. Loss from operations narrowed to $3.0 million in 2024 from $5.8 million in 2023, while the Adjusted EBITDA loss narrowed to $2.2 million in 2024 from $5.4 million in 2023.

Genie Solar continued to advance its project development pipeline during the fourth quarter and full year 2024. At December 31, 2024, Genie Solar's operating portfolio and development pipeline comprised:

Pipeline	Total	Operational	Site Control	Permitting	Construction
MW	108	10	73	15	10
Project Count	20	1	15	3	1

Balance Sheet and Cash Flow Highlights

As of December 31, 2024, Genie Energy reported cash and cash equivalents, short and long-term restricted cash, and marketable equity securities of $201.0 million, an increase from $163.4 million at December 31, 2023 and from $191.7 million at September 30, 2024.

Total assets as of December 31, 2024 were $371.3 million. Liabilities totaled $191.7 million, and working capital (current assets less current liabilities) totaled $117.6 million. Non-current liabilities were $81.9 million.

Cash provided by operating activities increased to $70.7 million in 2024 from $62.5 million in 2023.

Trended Financial Information:^*

(in $M except for EPS, RCEs and Meters)^^	1Q23			2Q23			3Q23			4Q23				1Q24			2Q24			3Q24				4Q24			2023				2024
Total Revenue	$	105.3		$	93.5		$	125.0		$	104.9			$	119.7		$	90.7		$	111.9		$	102.9			$	428.7		$	425.2
Genie Retail Energy	$	101.4		$	89.7		$	120.3		$	98.4			$	112.5		$	86.7		$	105.8		$	98.4			$	409.9		$	403.3
Electricity	$	74.5		$	80.2		$	114.0		$	82.1			$	89.4		$	78.3		$	100.7		$	82.1			$	350.8		$	350.5
Natural Gas	$	26.9		$	9.0		$	5.0		$	15.1			$	22.4		$	8.4		$	5.1		$	16.2			$	56.0		$	52.1
Others	$	0.0		$	0.6		$	1.3		$	1.2			$	0.7		$	0.0		$	0.1		$	0.0			$	3.1		$	0.7
Genie Renewables	$	3.9		$	3.7		$	4.7		$	6.5			$	7.2		$	4.0		$	6.1		$	4.5			$	18.8		$	21.9
Gross Margin		31.6	%		40.9	%		32.9	%		32.1		%		28.2	%		36.8	%		33.9	%		32.5		%		34.1	%		32.6	%
Genie Retail Energy		32.1	%		41.8	%		33.9	%		33.0		%		28.6	%		37.2	%		33.8	%		32.4		%		35.0	%		32.8	%
Genie Renewables		19.3	%		19.6	%		5.3	%		17.2		%		22.0	%		26.8	%		34.9	%		33.9		%		15.1	%		29.0	%
Income (Loss) from Operations	$	11.3		$	15.0		$	17.9		$	-34.2			$	9.8		$	10.6		$	11.7		$	(20.8	)		$	10.0		$	11.3
Operating Margin		10.7	%		16.1	%		14.3	%		-32.6		%		8.2	%		11.6	%		10.4	%		(20.2	)	%		2.3	%		2.7	%
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Genie Common Stockholders	$	14.3		$	15.0		$	14.5		$	(24.5	)		$	8.1		$	9.6		$	10.2		$	(15.3	)		$	19.2		$	12.6
Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per Share	$	0.54		$	0.57		$	0.53		$	(0.90	)		$	0.30		$	0.36		$	0.38		$	(0.58	)		$	0.74		$	0.46
Adjusted EBITDA	$	12.4		$	15.8		$	18.5		$	11.4			$	11.7		$	12.0		$	13.6		$	11.1			$	58.2		$	48.5
Genie Retail Energy Performance Metrics
RCEs		352			380			375			350				348			345			380			399				350			399
Electricity		276			304			298			272				267			266			302			319				272			319
Natural Gas		77			76			77			78				81			78			79			80				78			80
Meters		349			381			385			361				365			362			385			422				361			422
Electricity		271			302			304			279				281			278			311			333				279			333
Natural Gas		78			80			81			82				83			84			87			90				82			90
*Gross Adds*		129			75			60			52				70			53			104			92				52			319
Churn***		4.4	%		4.3	%		4.4	%		5.4		%		5.5	%		4.6	%		5.6	%		5.3		%		4.9	%		5.4	%

* GREI operations have been classified as a discontinued operation and its results excluded from current and historical results

** Numbers may not add due to rounding

*** Excludes expirations of aggregation deals

Earnings Announcement and Supplemental Information

At 8:30 AM Eastern this morning, Genie Energy's management will host a conference call to discuss the Company's financial and operational results, business outlook, and strategy. The call will begin with management's remarks, followed by Q&A with investors.

To participate in the conference call, dial 1-888-506-0062 (toll-free from the US) or 1-973-528-0011 (international) and provide the following participant access code: 481357.

Approximately three hours after the call, a call replay will be accessible by dialing 1-877-481-4010 (toll-free from the US) or 1-919-882-2331 (international) and providing the replay passcode: 52066. The replay will remain available through Monday, March 24, 2025. In addition, a recording of the call will be available for playback on the "Investors" section of the Genie Energy website.

About Genie Energy Ltd.

Genie Energy Ltd., (NYSE:GNE) is a retail energy and renewable energy solutions provider. The Genie Retail Energy division supplies electricity, including electricity from renewable resources, and natural gas to residential and small business customers in the United States. The Genie Renewables division is a vertically-integrated provider of commercial, community, and utility-scale solar energy solutions. For more information, visit Genie.com.

In this press release, all statements that are not purely about historical facts, including, but not limited to, those in which we use the words "believe," "anticipate," "expect," "plan," "intend," "estimate, "target" and similar expressions, are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. While these forward-looking statements represent our current judgment of what may happen in the future, actual results may differ materially from the results expressed or implied by these statements due to numerous important factors, including, but not limited to, those described in our most recent report on SEC Form 10-K (under the headings "Risk Factors" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations"), which may be revised or supplemented in subsequent reports on SEC Forms 10-Q and 8-K. We are under no obligation, and expressly disclaim any obligation, to update the forward-looking statements in this press release, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Contact:

Bill Ulrey

Investor Relations

Genie Energy, Ltd.

wulrey@genie.com

GENIE ENERGY LTD.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

	December 31,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2024			2023

ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents (including amounts related to variable interest entity of $263 and $245 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively)	$	104,456		$	107,609
Restricted cash—short-term		26,608			10,442
Marketable equity securities		357			396
Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $8,086 and $6,574 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively (including accounts receivable related to variable interest entity of $250 and $275 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively)		61,858			61,909
Inventory		12,188			14,598
Prepaid expenses (including amounts related to variable interest entity of $307 and $313 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively)		9,893			16,222
Other current assets		8,493			5,475
Current assets of discontinued operations		3,594			13,182
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS		227,447			229,833
Restricted cash—long-term		69,580			44,945
Property and equipment, net		25,246			15,192
Goodwill		12,749			9,998
Other intangibles, net		2,367			2,735
Deferred income tax assets, net		7,055			5,200
Other assets (including amounts related to variable interest entity of $363 and $360 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively)		22,365			15,247
Noncurrent assets of discontinued operations		4,466			7,405
TOTAL ASSETS	$	371,275		$	330,555
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Trade accounts payable		31,233			27,881
Accrued expenses (including amounts related to variable interest entity of $502 and $533 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively)		48,793			49,389
Income taxes payable		9,196			6,699
Current captive insurance liability		9,120			143
Due to IDT Corporation, net		135			145
Other current liabilities		6,750			9,137
Current liabilities of discontinued operations		4,585			4,858
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES		109,812			98,252
Noncurrent captive insurance liability		69,580			44,945
Noncurrent debt, net		8,668			—
Other liabilities		2,959			2,212
Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operations		705			638
TOTAL LIABILITIES		191,724			146,047
Commitments and contingencies		—			—
EQUITY:
Genie Energy Ltd. stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; authorized shares - 10,000:
Series 2012-A, designated shares - 8,750; at liquidation preference, consisting of 0 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2024 and 2023		—			—
Class A common stock, $0.01 par value; authorized shares - 35,000; 1,574 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2024 and 2023		16			16
Class B common stock, $0.01 par value; authorized shares - 200,000; 29,310 and 28,765 shares issued and 25,482 and 25,841 shares outstanding at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively		293			288
Additional paid-in capital		159,192			156,101
Treasury stock, at cost, consisting of 3,828 and 2,924 shares of Class B common stock at December 31, 2024 and 2023		(37,486	)		(22,661	)
Accumulated other comprehensive income		3,919			3,299
Retained earnings		64,574			60,196
Total Genie Energy Ltd. stockholders' equity		190,508			197,239
Noncontrolling interests:
Noncontrolling interest		(10,174	)		(12,731	)
Receivable from issuance of equity		(783	)		—
Noncontrolling interests		(10,957	)		(12,731	)
TOTAL EQUITY		179,551			184,508
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY	$	371,275		$	330,555

GENIE ENERGY LTD.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

	Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands, except per share data)	2024			2023				2022

REVENUES:
Electricity	$	350,514		$	350,779		$	241,828
Natural gas		52,101			55,988			62,144
Other		22,587			21,941			11,567
Total revenues		425,202			428,708			315,539
Cost of revenues		286,719			282,502			160,757
GROSS PROFIT		138,483			146,206			154,782
OPERATING EXPENSES AND LOSSES:
Selling, general and administrative⁽ⁱ⁾		93,396			91,109			74,962
Provision for captive insurance liability		33,612			45,088			—
Impairment of assets		185			—			2,066
Income from operations		11,290			10,009			77,754
Interest income		7,072			5,076			835
Interest expense		(464	)		(99	)		(129	)
Gain (loss) on marketable equity securities and investments		351			478			(417	)
Other income (loss), net		1,620			2,644			(520	)
Income before income taxes		19,869			18,108			77,523
Provision for income taxes		(4,667	)		(4,239	)		(21,037	)
NET INCOME FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS		15,202			13,869			56,486
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of taxes		(2,907	)		6,409			30,445
NET INCOME		12,295			20,278			86,931
Net loss (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests, net		293			(740	)		874
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO GENIE ENERGY LTD.		12,588			19,538			87,805
Dividends on preferred stock		—			(333	)		(1,939	)
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO GENIE ENERGY LTD. COMMON STOCKHOLDERS	$	12,588		$	19,205		$	85,866

Amounts attributable to Genie Energy Ltd. common stockholders
Income from continuing operations	$	15,495		$	12,795		$	59,956
(Loss) income from discontinued operations		(2,907	)		6,410			25,910
Net income attributable to Genie Energy Ltd. common stockholders	$	12,588		$	19,205		$	85,866

Earnings per share attributable to Genie Energy Ltd. common stockholders:
Basic:
Income from continuing operations	$	0.58		$	0.50		$	2.34
(Loss) income from discontinued operations		(0.11	)		0.25			1.01
Net income attributable to Genie Energy Ltd. common stockholders	$	0.47		$	0.75		$	3.35
Diluted
Income from continuing operations	$	0.57		$	0.49		$	2.28
(Loss) income from discontinued operations		(0.11	)		0.25			0.98
Net income attributable to Genie Energy Ltd. common stockholders	$	0.46		$	0.74		$	3.26

Weighted-average number of shares used in the calculation of earnings per share:
Basic		26,763			25,553			25,629
Diluted		27,163			26,062			26,366

Dividends declared per common share	$	0.30		$	0.30		$	0.30
(i) Stock-based compensation included in selling, general and administrative expenses	$	2,346		$	2,783		$	2,968

GENIE ENERGY LTD.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

	Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2024			2023			2022

OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income	$	12,295		$	20,278		$	86,931
Net (loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax		(2,907	)		6,409			30,445
Net income from continuing operations		15,202			13,869			56,486
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for captive insurance liability		33,612			45,088			—
Depreciation and amortization		884			463			385
Deferred income taxes		(1,855	)		599			(595	)
Provision for doubtful accounts receivable		2,359			2,362			2,515
Stock-based compensation		2,346			2,783			2,968
Inventory valuation allowance		417			1,148			—
Charitable donation of Class B common stock		—			1,006			—
Unrealized (gain) loss on marketable equity securities and investments and others		(766	)		(23	)		434
Impairment of assets		185			—			2,066
Change in assets and liabilities, net of effect of acquisition:
Trade accounts receivable		(2,214	)		(9,137	)		(16,339	)
Inventory		917			(8,714	)		2,005
Prepaid expenses		5,326			(6,089	)		(2,658	)
Other current assets and other assets		(1,738	)		494			(5,595	)
Trade accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities		3,100			22,986			11,635
Due to IDT Corporation, net		(10	)		(20	)		(367	)
Income taxes payable		2,496			(15,877	)		13,064
Net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations		60,261			50,938			66,004
Net cash provided by operating activities of discontinued operations		10,481			11,540			14,680
Net cash provided by operating activities		70,742			62,478			80,684
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Capital expenditures		(6,696	)		(1,363	)		(1,019	)
Purchase of solar system facilities		(1,344	)		(7,665	)		—
Proceeds from the sale of marketable equity securities and other investments		582			10,023			—
Purchase of marketable equity securities and other investments		(6,142	)		(11,019	)		(2,729	)
Purchase of equity of subsidiary		(1,200	)		—			—
Purchase of investment property, net of noncontrolling interest portion paid by Howard Jonas		(1,237	)		—			—
Investment in notes receivable with related party		—			—			(1,505	)
Repayment of notes receivable with related party		—			19			19
Net cash used in investing activities of continuing operations		(16,037	)		(10,005	)		(5,234	)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities of discontinued operations		—			23,645			(44,088	)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		(16,037	)		13,640			(49,322	)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Dividends paid		(8,210	)		(8,873	)		(9,158	)
Repurchases of Class B common stock		(10,443	)		(37	)		(4,414	)
Repurchases of Class B common stock from employees		(3,614	)		(2,888	)		(567	)
Repurchase of Class B common stock from Genie Foundation		(768	)		—			—
Proceeds from term loan, net		7,285			—			—
Proceeds from the exercise of warrants		—			5,000			—
Redemption of preferred stock		—			(8,359	)		(11,384	)
Net cash used in financing activities of continuing operations		(15,750	)		(15,157	)		(25,523	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash		7			(60	)		17
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash		38,962			60,901			5,856
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash (excluding cash held at discontinued operations) at beginning of year		162,996			104,578			100,225
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (including cash held at discontinued operations) at end of year		201,958			165,479			106,081
Less: Cash held at of discontinued operations at end of year		(1,314	)		(2,483	)		(1,503	)
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash (excluding cash held at discontinued operations) at end of year	$	200,644		$	162,996		$	104,578
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Cash payments made for interest		98			93			123
Cash payments made for income taxes		3,630			20,715			8,570

Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measure for the Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2024

In addition to disclosing financial results that are determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (GAAP), Genie Energy disclosed Adjusted EBITDA on a consolidated basis and for GRE and disclosed Non-GAAP Net Income Attributable to Genie Energy Ltd. Common Stockholders (Non-GAAP Net Income and Non-GAAP earnings per share (Non-GAAP EPS). Adjusted EBITDA, Non-GAAP Net Income and Non-GAAP EPS are non-GAAP measures.

Generally, a non-GAAP financial measure is a numerical measure of a company's performance, financial position, or cash flows that either excludes or includes amounts that are not normally excluded or included in the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.

Genie's measure of consolidated Adjusted EBITDA starts with income from operations and adds back depreciation, amortization, and stock-based compensation and deducts impairment of assets and equity in the net loss of equity method investees, net.

Genie's measure of Non-GAAP Net Income starts with net income attributable to Genie Energy Ltd. Common Stockholders in accordance with GAAP and adds captive insurance liability and the tax effect of this adjustment. These additions are non-cash and/or non-routine items in the relevant fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2023 periods.

Adjusted EBITDA, Non-GAAP Net Income and Non-GAAP EPS should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for, or superior to, revenue, gross profit, income from operations, cash flow from operating activities, net income, basic and diluted earnings per share or other measures of liquidity and financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. In addition, Genie's measurement of Adjusted EBITDA, Non-GAAP Net Income and Non-GAAP EPS may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.

Management believes that Genie's measure of Adjusted EBITDA, Non-GAAP Net Income and Non-GAAP EPS provide useful information to both management and investors by excluding certain expenses that may not be indicative of Genie's or GRE's core operating results. Management uses Adjusted EBITDA, non-GAAP Net Income and Non-GAAP EPS, among other measures, as a relevant indicators of core operational strengths in its financial and operational decision-making.

Management also uses Adjusted EBITDA, Non-GAAP Net Income and Non-GAAP EPS to evaluate operating performance in relation to Genie's competitors. Disclosure of these non-GAAP financial measure may be useful to investors in evaluating performance and allows for greater transparency to the underlying supplemental information used by management in its financial and operational decision-making. In addition, Genie Energy has historically reported Adjusted EBITDA and believes it is commonly used by readers of financial information in assessing performance. Therefore, the inclusion of comparative numbers provides consistency in financial reporting at this time.

Management refers to Adjusted EBITDA, Non-GAAP Net Income and Non-GAAP EPS as well as the GAAP measures revenue, gross profit, and income from operations, as well as net income, on a consolidated level to facilitate internal and external comparisons to Genie's historical operating results, in making operating decisions, for budget and planning purposes, and to form the basis upon which management is compensated.

Although depreciation and amortization are considered operating costs under GAAP, they primarily represent the non-cash current period allocation of costs associated with long-lived assets acquired or constructed in prior periods. Genie's operating results exclusive of depreciation and amortization are therefore useful indicators of its current performance.

Stock-based compensation recognized by Genie Energy and other companies may not be comparable because of the various valuation methodologies, subjective assumptions and the variety of types of awards that are permitted under GAAP. Stock-based compensation is excluded from Genie's calculation of Adjusted EBITDA because management believes this allows investors to make more meaningful comparisons of the operating results of Genie's core business with the results of other companies. However, stock-based compensation will continue to be a significant expense for Genie Energy for the foreseeable future and an important part of employees' compensation that impacts their performance.

Impairment of assets is a component of income (loss) from operations that is excluded from the calculation of Adjusted EBITDA. The impairment of assets is primarily dictated by events and circumstances outside the control of management that trigger an impairment analysis. While there may be similar charges in other periods, the nature and magnitude of these charges can fluctuate markedly and do not reflect the performance of Genie's continuing operations.

Captive insurance liability is a non-cash charge for a reserve at Genie's captive insurance operations. While there may be related charges in other periods, the magnitude of these changes can fluctuate markedly and do not reflect the performance of Genie's continuing operations. Captive insurance losses are excluded from Genie's calculation of Adjusted EBITDA, Non-GAAP Net Income and Non-GAAP EPS because management believes this allows investors to make more meaningful comparisons of the operating results of Genie's core business with the results of other companies.

Following are the reconciliations of Adjusted EBITDA, Non-GAAP Net Income and Non-GAAP EPS on a consolidated basis to its most directly comparable GAAP measure. Adjusted EBITDA is reconciled to income from operations for Genie Energy on a consolidated basis as well as for GRE.

Non-GAAP Reconciliation - Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA

	1Q23		2Q23			3Q23			4Q23			1Q24		2Q24		3Q24			4Q24		2023		2024
Income (loss) from Operations	$	11.3	$	15.0		$	17.9		$	(34.2	)	$	9.8	$	10.6	$	11.7	$	(20.8	)	$	10.0	$	11.3
Add back
Captive insurance liability	$	0.0	$	0.0		$	0.0		$	45.1		$	1.0	$	0.6	$	1.0	$	30.9		$	45.1	$	33.6
Depreciation and Amortization	$	0.1	$	0.1		$	0.1		$	0.2		$	0.2	$	0.2	$	0.2	$	0.2		$	0.4	$	0.9
Non-Cash Compensation	$	0.8	$	0.8		$	0.6		$	0.5		$	0.7	$	0.5	$	0.6	$	0.6		$	2.7	$	2.3
Impairment	$	0.0	$	0.0		$	0.0		$	0.0		$	0.0	$	0.1	$	0.1	$	0.0		$	0	$	0.2
Equity in net loss (income) of equity method investees	$	0.2	$	(0.1	)	$	(0.1	)	$	(0.1	)	$	0.0	$	0.0	$	0.0	$	0.1		$	-0.1	$	0.2
Adjusted EBITDA	$	12.4	$	15.8		$	18.5		$	11.4		$	11.8	$	12.0	$	13.6	$	11.1		$	58.1	$	48.5

Non-GAAP Reconciliation - GRE Adjusted EBITDA

(in millions)	4Q24		4Q23		2024		2023
Income from Operations	$	12.6	$	15.0	$	56.5	$	71.9
Add back
Depreciation and Amortization	$	0.1	$	0.1	$	0.3	$	0.3
Stock-based Compensation	$	0.3	$	0.2	$	1.1	$	1.0
Impairment	$	0.0	$	0.0	$	0.0	$	0.0
Equity in the income of equity method investee	$	0.4	$	0.0	$	0.5	$	0.0
Adjusted EBITDA	$	13.4	$	15.4	$	58.4	$	73.3

Non-GAAP Reconciliation - Consolidated Non-GAAP Net Income Attributable to Genie Energy Ltd. Common Stockholders and Non-GAAP Diluted Income Per Share

(in millions)	4Q24			4Q23			2024			2023
Net income attributable to Genie Energy Ltd. Common Stockholders	$	(15.3	)	$	(24.5	)	$	12.6		$	19.2
Add back
Captive insurance liability	$	30.9		$	45.1		$	33.6		$	45.1
Income tax effect of adjustment	$	(9.1	)		(10.5	)	$	(8.1	)	$	(12.2	)
Non-GAAP net income attributable to Genie Energy Ltd. Common Stockholders	$	6.5		$	10.0		$	38.1		$	52.1

Diluted earnings per share	$	(0.58	)	$	(0.90	)	$	0.46		$	0.74
Total adjustments	$	0.82		$	1.27		$	0.94		$	1.26
Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share	$	0.24		$	0.37		$	1.40		$	2.00

Weighted average number of shares used in the calculation of diluted earnings per share		26.8			27.4			27.2			26.1

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Genie Energy Announces Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2024 Results