10-K

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM

10-K

(Mark One)

☒	ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the period ended December 31, 2023

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from

BRAND ENGAGEMENT NETWORK INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware	001-40130	98-1574798
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(Commission File Number)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)


145 E. Snow King Ave - PO Box 104 Jackson, Wyoming		83001
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:

(214) 452-2300

DHC Acquisition Corp

(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of Each Class:	Trading Symbol	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered:
Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share	BNAI	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Warrants, each whole warrant exercisable for one share of Common Stock at an exercise price of $11.50	BNAIW	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation

S-T

(§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a

non-accelerated

filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule

12b-2

of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §

240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule

12b-2

of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The aggregate market value of the Class A ordinary shares outstanding, other than shares held by persons who may be deemed affiliates of the registrant, computed by reference to the closing sales price for the Class A ordinary shares on June 30, 202

, as reported on The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC, was approximately $47,697,082.

As of March 29, 2024, there were 33,296,995 shares of Common Stock, $0.0001 par value, issued and outstanding.


Auditor Firm ID: 100		Auditor Name: WithumSmith+Brown, PC		Auditor Location: New York, New York

Documents Incorporated by Reference: Portions of the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held in 2024, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission no later than 120 days after the end of the Registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, are incorporated by reference into Part III hereof.

EXPLANATORY NOTE

On March 14, 2024 (the “Closing Date”), Brand Engagement Network Inc., a Delaware corporation, f/k/a DHC Acquisition Corp (“BEN,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”), consummated the previously announced business combination pursuant to that certain Business Combination Agreement and Plan of Reorganization, dated as of September 7, 2023 (the “Business Combination Agreement”), by and among the Company, BEN Merger Subsidiary Corp., a Delaware corporation (“Merger Sub”), Brand Engagement Network Inc., a Wyoming corporation (“Legacy BEN”) and DHC Sponsor, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Sponsor”), following approval thereof at a special meeting of the Company’s stockholders held on March 5, 2024 (the “Special Meeting”) and the migration and domestication as a Delaware corporation in accordance with Section 388 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, as amended, and the Companies Act (As Revised) of the Cayman Islands (the “Domestication”). In connection with the Domestication, the registrant changed its name from DHC Acquisition Corp to Brand Engagement Network Inc. on March 13, 2024.

Pursuant to the terms of the Business Combination Agreement, a business combination between the Company and Legacy BEN was effected through the merger of Merger Sub with and into Legacy BEN, with Legacy BEN as the surviving company in the business combination, and after giving effect to such merger, continuing as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (the “Merger” and, together with the other transactions contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement, the “Business Combination”).

Unless the context requires otherwise, references to “DHC” are to the Company prior to the Business Combination.

The Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Common Stock”), is now listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”) under the symbol “BNAI”, and warrants to purchase Common Stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share are listed on Nasdaq under the symbol “BNAIW”. The audited financial statement included herein, as well as the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations section relate to DHC prior to the consummation of the Business Combination and the name change, other than where expressly provided therein. The remaining sections of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, other than where expressly provided therein, relate to the post-Business Combination company. Prior to the Business Combination, DHC neither engaged in any operations nor generated any revenue. Until the Business Combination, based on DHC’s business activities, DHC was a “shell company” as defined under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”).

The audited consolidated financial statements of Legacy BEN and its consolidated subsidiaries prior to the close of the Business Combination for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, which is considered the Company’s accounting predecessor, are included in the Form 8-K that is anticipated to be filed with the SEC on or about the date hereof.

TABLE OF CONTENTS


	Page
PART I
ITEM 1. Business		3
Item 1A. Risk Factors		14
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments		44
Item 1C. Cybersecurity		44
Item 2. Properties		46
Item 3. Legal Proceedings		46
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures		46
PART II
Item 6. Selected Financial Data		47
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		47
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		52
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data		52
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure		52
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.		52
Item 9B. Other Information		53
Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections		53
PART III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance		54
Item 11. Executive Compensation		54
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Shareholder Matters		54
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence		54
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services		54
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules		55
Item 16. Form 10-K Summary		58

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND RISK FACTOR SUMMARY

This annual report on Form 10-K (this “Report”), including, without limitation, statements under “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (the “Exchange Act”). These forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology, including the words “believes,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “may,” “will,” “potential,” “projects,” “predicts,” “continue,” or “should,” or, in each case, their negative or other variations or comparable terminology.

The forward-looking statements contained in this Report are based on our current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on us. There can be no assurance that future developments affecting us will be those that we have anticipated. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties (some of which are beyond our control) or other assumptions that may cause actual results or performance to be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the following risks, uncertainties (some of which are beyond our control) or other factors:

•

the failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the Business Combination;

•

our ability to maintain the list of our securities on Nasdaq;

•

the attraction and retention of qualified directors, officers, employees and key personnel;

•

our need for additional capital and whether additional financing will be available on favorable terms, or at all;

•

the lack of a market for our Common Stock and the volatility of the market price and trading price for our Common Stock and Public Warrants;

•

our limited operating history;

•

the length of our sales cycle and the time and expense associated with it;

•

our ability to grow our customer base;

•

our dependency upon third-party service providers for certain technologies;

•

competition from other companies offering artificial intelligence products that have greater resources, technology, relationships and/or expertise;

•

our ability to compete effectively in a highly competitive market;

•

our ability to protect and enhance our corporate reputation and brand;

•

our ability to hire, retain, train and motivate qualified personnel and senior management and our ability to deploy our personnel and resources to meet customer demand;

•

our ability to grow through acquisitions and successfully integrate any such acquisitions;

•

the impact from future regulatory, judicial, and legislative changes in our industry;

•

increases in costs, disruption of supply or shortage of materials, which could harm our business;

•

our ability to successfully maintain, protect, enforce and grow our intellectual property rights;

•

our future financial performance ,including the ability of future revenues to meet projected annual bookings;

•

our ability to forecast and maintain an adequate rate of revenue growth and appropriately plan our expenses;

•

our ability to generate sufficient revenue from each of our revenue streams; or

•

the other risks and uncertainties discussed in “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Report.

The forward-looking statements contained in this Report are based on our current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on us. There can be no assurance that future developments affecting us will be those that we have anticipated. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties (some of which are beyond our control) or other assumptions that may cause actual results or performance to be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those factors described under the section of this Report entitled “Risk Factors.”

Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should any of our assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary in material respects from those projected in these forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws.

PART I

ITEM 1. Business

Summary

General

We were originally incorporated in 2020 as a Cayman Islands corporation, formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses. On March 4, 2021 (the “IPO Closing Date”), we consummated our initial public offering (the “IPO”). On March 13, 2024, we migrated to and domesticated as a Delaware corporation in accordance with Section 388 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, as amended, and the Companies Act (As Revised) of the Cayman Islands (the “Domestication”). On March 14, 2024, we consummated a business combination with Brand Engagement Network Inc., a Wyoming corporation, which merged into our subsidiary, BEN Merger Subsidiary Corp., a Delaware corporation (“Merger Sub” and such business combination, the “Business Combination”) and changed our name to Brand Engagement Network Inc. In light of the fact that the Business Combination has closed and our ongoing business will be the business formerly operated by Legacy BEN, this business section primarily includes information regarding Legacy BEN’s business.

We are an emerging provider of conversational AI assistants, with the purpose of transforming engagement and analytics for businesses through our security-focused, multimodal communication and human-like assistants. Our AI assistants are built on proprietary natural language processing, anomaly detection, multisensory awareness, sentiment and environmental analysis, as well as real-time individuation and personalization capabilities. We believe these powerful tools will empower businesses to elevate customer experiences, optimize cost management and supercharge operational efficiency. Our platform is designed to configure, train and operate AI assistants that engage with professionals and consumers through multiple channels, boosting customer experience and providing instant personalized assistance for consumers in the automotive and healthcare markets.

Legacy BEN was originally formed in 2018 with the intention of disrupting the traditional mailing system through a uniquely secure, personalized electronic communication network. Although we still seek the same core goal of giving consumers more control over their data, we have refocused our product development on communications between customers and businesses with the new vision of enabling more meaningful interactions and experiences and discontinued our previous operations, including our mobile advertising platform, which we do not intend to pursue as part of our product offerings at this time. In 2023, we consummated our acquisition of DM Lab Co., LTD., through which we acquired our first AI assistant prototype. Today we are piloting a scalable and configurable platform that creates, deploys and manages human-like AI assistants, where each assistant is tailored for a specific intended purpose and trained on approved data provided by our customers.

Our AI assistants aim to unify consumer personalization and business customization necessary to facilitate meaningful engagements. We intend for our offerings to be designed to broadly operate in cloud, localized and hybrid environments, with the goal of providing seamless integration. We believe businesses will be able to deploy our multimodal AI assistants within native apps, kiosks and software development kit (“SDK”) integrations.

As a pre-revenue business, revenue generated in 2023 and 2024 was minimal, and we generated minimal revenues in 2022, which were attributable to beta testing of discontinued products, including our mobile advertising platform. However, in November of 2023, we obtained our first customer in the healthcare industry through our entry-level community cloud AI assistant offering.

Our Technology

We offer a customizable human-like AI assistant that can enhance customer engagement while delivering a secure, consistent and effective message for vertically-focused end markets including automotive and healthcare. We aim to connect to clients’ real time data systems for access to customer specific files, accounts and records to provide meaningful personalized information to our clients’ customers from an approved data set, while maintaining compliance with applicable privacy and data protection laws and regulations. Additionally, we offer tools to help our clients’ customers manage their personal data and conversations.

Our conversational AI assistants seek to emulate a discussion between the customers of our clients and our AI assistants as a way of enhancing the user experience by creating a more meaningful interaction from which the customers of our clients can retain more information. Studies have shown that humans retain only 10% of what they read, 30% of what they see and 50% of what they see and hear. However, humans retain 70% of what they discuss. Our platforms are designed to quickly train and deploy the AI instances into customer defined environments on multiple device types and engagement modes on the Web (desktop, mobile and app), the phone (voice and text) and installed to meet consumers in the physical world through kiosks. By “meeting the consumers where they are” and allowing interactions to occur on their preferred devices, our applications can be more easily and broadly adopted by the market. In addition, by providing customers a human-like interface and a secure environment through multi-model communication, we believe we are able to deliver scaled solutions for industries impacted by labor and cost burdens and whom have a desire to increase engagement with their customers.

AI Assistants. We have assembled our technology components to create an integrated AI assistant that enables us to provide a seamless consumer-facing experience for our clients complete with our proprietary configurable safety and security features. Our AI assistants are customizable avatars that integrate themselves into our clients’ environment, training on their internal data to provide a broad array of customer service and education solutions for our clients’ interactions with their current and potential customers. Our AI assistants are designed to work with several existing large language models (“LLMs”), including Anthropic LLM and Llama 2 LLM to configure and personalize our AI assistants’ responses to consumer inquiries to create client-specific solutions. We believe in the benefits of small footprint LLMs that work in tandem with other data retrieval and data processing techniques that seek to ensure a safe environment as well as minimize the required computations needed to achieve a human-like experience. Our AI assistants can change their dialogue, conversation design, personality and appearances based on the specific needs of our customers and the consumer environments in which they operate. Our AI assistants can be offered to our clients’ customers through mobile apps, desktops or laptops, as well as through in-store lifesize kiosks and SDK integrations and are designed to be deployed in a fully ringfenced environment.

LOGO

Differentiation Through Configurable Safety and Security. We believe the primary differentiation of our AI assistants is the ability to ensure unbiased training by eliminating “hallucinations”, filtering for inappropriate inputs and responses, managing customer identity resolution. Additionally, BEN expects to implement data anonymization techniques to safeguard against proprietary data leakage to 3rd party LLMs. Our platform has been designed with a “middle layer” that performs these configurable safety functions without inducing delay in the overall experience. If desired, the responses will only come from a select dataset that has been ingested while still providing a natural conversation to the user with appropriate natural language responses. In addition, all conversations or sessions can be transcribed and further analyzed to audit the system and the dialogues for continuous monitoring of the configurable safety and security protocols of our platforms.

LOGO

Customization, Configuration, and Optimization. Our AI assistants can enable substantial variations in customer experiences. Automatic speech recognition (“ASR”), text-to-speech (“TTS”), avatar and natural language processing (“NLP”) can be tweaked for tone, cadence, personality, emotions and other auditory features. The voices used in our AI assistants can be matched with broad variations of avatars with customized ethnicity, skin tone, facial features, and other physical attributes. AI assistants can be dressed in broad variations of outfits appropriate for the application, such as a nurse’s scrubs, auto repair uniform, formal business attire, casual-friendly attire, and other profession-appropriate attire. NLP can be configured to provide various levels of responses appropriate for the audience, including comprehensive, detailed, and technical responses to assist a doctor or a nurse or concise responses using commonly spoken vocabulary to assist a consumer.

Deployment. Traditional AI systems could take years to deploy and train, however, we believe our AI assistants can be launched within a few days after engagement. Our modular architecture enables source data to be ingested for training and response generation in a few hours through a standardized data interface. Once a dataset has been ingested by the application, dialogue management can begin with several tactics and methods to reduce the learning period of the AI assistant. Our unique approach of using statistical methods combined with more intuitive methods can accelerate the training of our AI assistants significantly. The deployment of the AI assistant “meets our customers where they are” by having a combination of cloud-based, server-based and local-device-based functionality. Deployments of our AI assistants can be completely optimized to take advantage of the dataset, solution environment, device hardware and operating systems and existing IT infrastructure. Furthermore, our AI assistants are designed to be quickly deployed into customer defined environments on multiple device types and engagement modes on the web (desktop, mobile and app), the phone (voice and text) and installed to meet consumers in the physical world through kiosks.

Use Cases. We have recently debuted the following piloted use cases for our AI assistants:

Automotive Assistants will include:

•

Dealership Reporting: AI Assistants reduce the need for manual data searching and spreadsheet-based reporting by leveraging BEN’s proprietary AI technology to strengthen reporting practices and accuracy across the auto industry.

•

Web AI Assistant: Our AI Assistants are solution for transforming the online experience for dealership customers. Our AI Assistants aid digital marketing by meeting customers where they are in a meaningful way and enhancing the overall buying experience. By understanding customer needs and preferences, our AI Assistant works in tandem with the sales team to provide enhanced customer experiences online that carry through to the dealership.

•

Sales AI Assistant: Our AI Assistants may be showcased on a life-size kiosk, and offers uniformity and personalization to each customer through an intuitive interface. This integration ensures a smooth transition from online browsing to in-person dealership experience.

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated
filer

Smaller reporting company

Emerging growth company

SEC Form 10-K filed by DHC Acquisition Corp.