UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended February 29, 2024

☐ Transition report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from ________ to ________

Commission File Number: 001-38838

TSR, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

13-2635899

(State or other jurisdiction of

Incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

400 Oser Avenue, Suite 150, Hauppauge, NY 11788

(Address of principal executive offices)

631-231-0333

(Registrant’s telephone number)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:

Title of each class		Trading Symbol(s)		Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share		TSRI		NASDAQ Capital Market

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large Accelerated Filer	☐	Accelerated Filer	☐
Non-Accelerated Filer	☒	Smaller Reporting Company	☒
Emerging Growth Company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No

As of April 15, 2024, there were 2,169,546 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, issued and outstanding.

TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

INDEX

			Page Number

Part I.	Financial Information:		1

	Item 1.	Financial Statements:	1

		Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets – February 29, 2024 and May 31, 2023	1

		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations – For the three months and nine months ended February 29, 2024 and February 28, 2023	2

		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity – For the three months and nine months ended February 29, 2024 and February 28, 2023	3-4

		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – For the nine months ended February 29, 2024 and February 28, 2023	5

		Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	6

	Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	14

	Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.	18

	Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	18

Part II.	Other Information		19

	Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	19

	Item 1A.	Risk Factors	19

	Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.	19

	Item 3.	Defaults upon Senior Securities.	19

	Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures.	19

	Item 5.	Other Information.	19

	Item 6.	Exhibits	20

Signatures			21

Part I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

February 29, 2024 and May 31, 2023

	February 29, 2024		May 31, 2023
	(Unaudited)		(see Note 1)
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	10,627,178	$	7,382,320
Certificates of deposit and marketable securities		34,440		515,152
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $181,000		10,535,128		12,081,335
Other receivables		53,435		79,618
Prepaid expenses		435,245		248,534
Total Current Assets		21,685,426		20,306,959
Equipment and leasehold improvements, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $314,849 and $270,606, respectively		25,356		69,599
Other assets		31,761		48,772
Right-of-use assets		620,391		459,171
Intangible assets, net		1,219,000		1,333,500
Goodwill		785,883		785,883
Deferred income taxes		279,000		344,000

Total Assets	$	24,646,817	$	23,347,884
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable and other payables	$	1,624,144	$	1,663,990
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		3,941,990		3,663,326
Advances from customers		588,496		1,266,993
Income taxes payable		93,867		11,260
Operating lease liabilities - current		188,592		150,167
Total Current Liabilities		6,437,089		6,755,736
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion		461,478		342,260
Total Liabilities		6,898,567		7,097,996
Commitments and contingencies
Equity:
TSR, Inc.:
Preferred stock, $1 par value, authorized 500,000 shares; none issued		-		-
Common stock, $.01 par value, authorized 12,500,000 shares; issued 3,348,361 and 3,322,527 shares, 2,169,546 and 2,143,712 shares outstanding, respectively		33,484		33,226
Additional paid-in capital		7,755,331		7,676,742
Retained earnings		23,629,972		22,212,107
		31,418,787		29,922,075

Less: Treasury stock, 1,178,815 shares, at cost		13,726,895		13,726,895
Total TSR, Inc. Equity		17,691,892		16,195,180

Noncontrolling interest		56,358		54,708
Total Equity		17,748,250		16,249,888

Total Liabilities and Equity	$	24,646,817	$	23,347,884

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Page 1

TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

For the Three Months and Nine Months Ended February 29, 2024 and February 28, 2023

(UNAUDITED)

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	February 29,			February 28,			February 29,		February 28,
	2024			2023			2024		2023
Revenue, net	$	19,702,992		$	24,257,167		$	63,873,759	$	76,487,411

Cost of sales		16,372,675			20,267,337			52,698,669		63,433,855
Selling, general and administrative expenses		3,367,759			3,768,902			9,804,624		11,071,679
		19,740,434			24,036,239			62,503,293		74,505,534
Income (loss) from operations		(37,442	)		220,928			1,370,466		1,981,877

Other income (expense):
Interest income (expense), net		28,412			(9,069	)		52,188		(44,907	)
Reversal of advances from customers		547,318			-			547,318		-
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities, net		(1,320	)		(4,112	)		9,288		(15,592	)

Income before income taxes		536,968			207,747			1,979,260		1,921,378
Provision for income taxes		110,000			110,000			494,000		629,000
Consolidated net income		426,968			97,747			1,485,260		1,292,378
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest		15,876			18,107			67,395		44,159
Net income attributable to TSR, Inc.	$	411,092		$	79,640		$	1,417,865	$	1,248,219
Basic net income per TSR, Inc. common share	$	0.19		$	0.04		$	0.66	$	0.58
Diluted net income per TSR, Inc. common share	$	0.19		$	0.04		$	0.66	$	0.56
Basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding		2,152,323			2,134,660			2,146,551		2,140,344
Diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding		2,152,323			2,234,600			2,146,551		2,235,173

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Page 2

TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

For the Three Months and Nine Months Ended February 28, 2023

(UNAUDITED)

	Shares of common stock		Common stock		Additional paid-in capital			Retained earnings		Treasury stock			TSR, Inc. equity			Non- controlling interest			Total equity
Balance at May 31, 2022		3,298,549	$	32,986	$	7,473,866		$	20,470,042	$	(13,514,003	)	$	14,462,891		$	69,674		$	14,532,565
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest		-		-		-			-		-			-			12,997			12,997
Non-cash stock compensation		-		-		69,216			-		-			69,216			-			69,216
Net income attributable to TSR, Inc.		-		-		-			494,746		-			494,746			-			494,746
Balance at August 31, 2022		3,298,549		32,986		7,543,082			20,964,788		(13,514,003	)		15,026,853			82,671			15,109,524
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest		-		-		-			-		-			-			13,055			13,055
Purchases of treasury stock		-		-		-			-		(116,426	)		(116,426	)		-			(116,426	)
Non-cash stock compensation		-		-		69,216			-		-			69,216			-			69,216
Net income attributable to TSR, Inc.		-		-		-			673,833		-			673,833			-			673,833
Balance at November 30, 2022		3,298,549		32,986		7,612,298			21,638,621		(13,630,429	)		15,653,476			95,726			15,749,202
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest		-		-		-			-		-			-			18,107			18,107
Distribution to noncontrolling interest		-		-		-			-		-			-			(75,348	)		(75,348	)
Non-cash stock compensation		-		-		54,653			-		-			54,653			-			54,653
Purchases of treasury stock		-		-		-			-		(64,043	)		(64,043	)		-			(64,043	)
Vested stock awards		23,978		240		(240	)		-		-			-			-			-
Net income attributable to TSR, Inc.		-		-		-			79,640		-			79,640			-			79,640
Balance at February 28, 2023		3,322,527	$	33,226	$	7,666,711		$	21,718,261	$	(13,694,472	)	$	15,723,726		$	38,485		$	15,762,211

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Page 3

TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

For the Three Months and Nine Months Ended February 29, 2024

(UNAUDITED)

	Shares of common stock		Common stock		Additional paid-in capital			Retained earnings		Treasury stock			TSR, Inc. equity		Non- controlling interest			Total equity
Balance at May 31, 2023		3,322,527	$	33,226	$	7,676,742		$	22,212,107	$	(13,726,895	)	$	16,195,180	$	54,708		$	16,249,888
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest		-		-		-			-		-			-		24,876			24,876
Non-cash stock compensation		-		-		25,527			-		-			25,527		-			25,527
Net income attributable to TSR, Inc.		-		-		-			546,788		-			546,788		-			546,788
Balance at August 31, 2023		3,322,527		33,226		7,702,269			22,758,895		(13,726,895	)		16,767,495		79,584			16,847,079
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest		-		-		-			-		-			-		26,643			26,643
Non-cash stock compensation		-		-		25,527			-		-			25,527		-			25,527
Net income attributable to TSR, Inc.		-		-		-			459,985		-			459,985		-			459,985
Balance at November 30, 2023		3,322,527		33,226		7,727,796			23,218,880		(13,726,895	)		17,253,007		106,227			17,359,234
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest		-		-		-			-		-			-		15,876			15,876
Distribution to noncontrolling interest		-		-		-			-		-			-		(65,745	)		(65,745	)
Non-cash stock compensation		-		-		27,793			-		-			27,793		-			27,793
Vested stock awards		25,834		258		(258	)		-		-			-		-			-
Net income attributable to TSR, Inc.		-		-		-			411,092		-			411,092		-			411,092
Balance at February 29, 2024		3,348,361	$	33,484	$	7,755,331		$	23,629,972	$	(13,726,895	)	$	17,691,892	$	56,358		$	17,748,250

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Page 4

TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

For The Nine Months Ended February 29, 2024 and February 28, 2023

(UNAUDITED)

	Nine Months Ended
	February 29,			February 28,
	2024			2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Consolidated net income	$	1,485,260		$	1,292,378
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		158,743			182,975
Unrealized (gain) loss on marketable securities, net		(9,288	)		15,592
Deferred income taxes		65,000			493,000
Reversal of advances from customers		(547,318	)		-
Non-cash lease recovery		(3,577	)		(21,288	)
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense		78,847			193,085

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		1,546,207			1,848,999
Other receivables		26,183			841
Prepaid expenses		(186,711	)		(103,859	)
Prepaid and recoverable income taxes		-			14,737
Other assets		17,011			14,498
Accounts payable, other payables, accrued expenses and other current liabilities		238,818			(926,355	)
Advances from customers		(131,179	)		-
Income taxes payable		82,607			(13,622	)
Legal settlement payable		-			(597,566	)
Net cash provided by operating activities		2,820,603			2,393,415
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of certificates of deposit		(500,000	)		(990,000	)
Maturities of certificates of deposit		990,000			-
Purchases of equipment and leasehold improvements		-			(6,317	)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		490,000			(996,317	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net repayments on credit facility		-			(61,882	)
Purchases of treasury stock		-			(180,469	)
Distribution to noncontrolling interest		(65,745	)		(75,348	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(65,745	)		(317,699	)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents		3,244,858			1,079,399
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		7,382,320			6,490,158
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	10,627,178		$	7,569,557
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow data:
Income taxes paid	$	344,000		$	121,000
Interest paid	$	77,625		$	61,000

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Page 5

TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

February 29, 2024

(Unaudited)

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying condensed consolidated interim financial statements include the accounts of TSR, Inc. and its subsidiaries. Unless otherwise stated or the context otherwise requires, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “TSR,” and the “Company” refer to TSR, Inc. and its subsidiaries. All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of May 31, 2023, which has been derived from audited financial statements, and the unaudited interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America applying to interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and normally included in the Company’s annual financial statements have been condensed or omitted. These condensed consolidated interim financial statements as of and for the three months and nine months ended February 29, 2024 are unaudited; however, in the opinion of management, such statements include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows of the Company for the periods presented. The results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that might be expected for future interim periods or for the full year ending May 31, 2024. These condensed consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2023.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326) (“ASU 2016-13”), which requires financial assets to be presented at the net amount to be collected, with an allowance for credit losses to be deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial asset such that the net carrying value of the asset is presented as the amount expected to be collected. Under ASU 2016-13, the entity’s statement of operations is required to reflect the measurement of credit losses for newly recognized financial assets, as well as expected increases or decreases in expected credit losses that have taken place during the period. For public business entities, ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company adopted ASU No. 2016-13 on June 1, 2023 and the adoption of this update did not have a significant impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

Net Income Per Common Share

Basic net income per common share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders of TSR by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period, excluding the effects of any potentially dilutive securities. During the quarters ended February 29, 2024 and February 28, 2021, the Company granted time and performance vesting restricted stock awards under the TSR, Inc. 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) (see Note 12 for further information). Diluted earnings per share gives effect to all potentially dilutive common shares outstanding during the reporting period. The common stock equivalents associated with these restricted stock awards of 99,940 and 94,829 have been included for dilutive shares outstanding for the three and nine months ended February 28, 2023. There were no dilutive shares in the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024.

Page 6

TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

February 29, 2024

(Unaudited)

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers short-term highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents were composed of the following as of February 29, 2024 and May 31, 2023:

	February 29, 2024		May 31, 2023
Cash in banks	$	4,631,170	$	7,010,568
Certificates of deposit		2,548,161		-
Money market funds		3,447,847		371,752
	$	10,627,178	$	7,382,320

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 825, Financial Instruments, requires disclosure of the fair value of certain financial instruments. For cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts and other payables, accrued liabilities and advances from customers, the amounts presented in the condensed consolidated financial statements approximate fair value because of the short-term maturities of these instruments.

Certificates of Deposit and Marketable Securities

The Company has characterized its investments in marketable securities, based on the priority of the inputs used to value the investments, into a three-level fair value hierarchy. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). If the inputs used to measure the investments fall within different levels of the hierarchy, the categorization is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement of the instrument.

Investments recorded in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets are categorized based on the inputs to valuation techniques as follows:

●

Level 1 - These are investments where values are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets in an active market the Company has the ability to access.

●

Level 2 - These are investments where values are based on quoted market prices that are not active or model derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets.

●

Level 3 - These are investments where values are derived from techniques in which one or more significant inputs are unobservable.

Page 7

TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

February 29, 2024

(Unaudited)

The following are the major categories of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of February 29, 2024 and May 31, 2023 using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1), significant other observable inputs (Level 2), and significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):

February 29, 2024		Level 1				Level 2				Level 3				Total
Equity Securities		$	34,440			$	-			$	-			$	34,440

May 31, 2023	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Certificates of Deposit	$	490,000	$	-	$	-	$	490,000
Equity Securities		25,152		-		-		25,152
	$	515,152	$	-	$	-	$	515,152

Based upon the Company’s intent and ability to hold its certificates of deposit to maturity (which range up to twelve (12) months at purchase), such securities have been classified as held-to-maturity and are carried at amortized cost, which approximates market value. The Company’s equity securities are classified as trading securities, which are carried at fair value, as determined by quoted market prices, which is a Level 1 input, as established by the fair value hierarchy. The related unrealized gains and losses are included in earnings. The Company’s marketable securities at February 29, 2024 and May 31, 2023 are summarized as follows:

February 29, 2024		Amortized Cost				Gross Unrealized Holding Gains				Gross Unrealized Holding Losses				Recorded Value
Equity Securities		$	16,866			$	17,574			$	-			$	34,440

May 31, 2023	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Holding Gains		Gross Unrealized Holding Losses		Recorded Value
Certificates of Deposit	$	490,000	$	-	$	-	$	490,000
Equity Securities		16,866		8,286		-		25,152
	$	506,866	$	8,286	$	-	$	515,152

The Company’s investments in marketable securities consist primarily of investments in equity securities. Market values were determined for each individual security in the investment portfolio. When evaluating the investments for other-than-temporary impairment, the Company reviews factors such as length of time and extent to which fair value has been below cost basis, the financial condition of the issuer, and the Company’s ability and intent to hold the investment for a period of time, which may be sufficient for anticipated recovery in market values.

Page 8

TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

February 29, 2024

(Unaudited)

Other Matters

From time to time, the Company is party to various lawsuits, some involving material amounts. Management is not aware of any lawsuits that would have a material adverse impact on the consolidated financial position of the Company except for the litigation disclosed elsewhere in this report, included in Note 10 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Leases

The Company leases the space for its offices in Hauppauge, New York and Edison, New Jersey. Under ASC 842, at contract inception we determine whether the contract is or contains a lease and whether the lease should be classified as an operating or finance lease. Operating leases are in right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities are in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The Company’s leases for its offices are classified as operating leases.

The lease agreements for Hauppauge, New York and Edison, New Jersey expire on December 31, 2026 and May 31, 2027, respectively, and do not include any renewal options.

In addition to the monthly base amounts in the lease agreements, the Company is required to pay real estate taxes and operating expenses during the lease terms.

For the three months ended February 29, 2024 and February 28, 2023, the Company’s operating lease expense for these leases was $67,776 and $64,963, respectively. For the nine months ended February 29, 2024 and February 28, 2023, the Company’s operating lease expense for these leases was $204,684 and $213,845, respectively.

As there are no explicit rates provided in our leases, the Company’s incremental borrowing rate was used based on the information available as of the commencement date in determining the present value of the future lease payments. Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases as of February 29, 2024 are as follows:

Twelve Months Ending February 29,
2025	$	236,122
2026		242,590
2027		228,753
2028		32,527
Total undiscounted operating lease payments		739,992
Less imputed interest		89,922
Present value of operating lease payments	$	650,070

The following table sets forth the right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities as of February 29, 2024:

Assets
Right-of-use assets, net	$	620,391
Liabilities
Current operating lease liabilities	$	188,592
Long-term operating lease liabilities		461,478
Total operating lease liabilities	$	650,070

The weighted average remaining lease term for the Company’s operating leases is 3.1 years. The weighted average incremental borrowing rate was 8.42%

Page 9

TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

February 29, 2024

(Unaudited)

Credit Facility

On November 27, 2019, TSR closed on a revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) pursuant to a Loan and Security Agreement with Access Capital, Inc. (the “Lender”) which provides funding to TSR, Inc. and its direct and indirect subsidiaries, TSR Consulting Services, Inc., Logixtech Solutions, LLC and Eurologix, S.A.R.L., each of which, together with TSR, Inc., is a borrower under the Credit Facility. Each of the borrowers has provided a security interest to the Lender in all of their respective assets to secure amounts borrowed under the Credit Facility.

TSR, Inc. expects to utilize the Credit Facility for working capital and general corporate purposes. The maximum amount that may be advanced under the Credit Facility at any time shall not exceed $2,000,000.

Advances under the Credit Facility accrue interest at a rate per annum equal to (a) the “base rate” or “prime rate” announced by Citibank, N.A. from time to time, which shall be increased or decreased, as the case may be, in an amount equal to each increase or decrease in such “base rate” or “prime rate,” plus (b) 1.75%. The prime rate as of February 29, 2024 was 8.50%, indicating an interest rate of 10.25% on the line of credit. The initial term of the Credit Facility is five years, which shall automatically renew for successive five-year periods unless either TSR or the Lender gives written notice to the other of termination at least 60 days prior to the expiration date of the then-current term.

TSR, Inc. is obliged to satisfy certain financial covenants and minimum borrowing requirements under the Credit Facility, and to pay certain fees, including prepayment fees, and provide certain financial information to the Lender. The Company was in compliance with all covenants at February 29, 2024.

As of February 29, 2024, the net payments exceeded borrowings outstanding against this Credit Facility resulting in a receivable from the Lender of $43,484 which is included in “Other receivables” on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The amount the Company has borrowed fluctuates and, at times, it has utilized the maximum amount of $2,000,000 available under the facility to fund its payroll and other obligations.

Intangible Assets

The Company amortizes its intangible assets over their estimated useful lives and will review these assets for impairment when there is evidence that events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of these assets is measured by comparing the carrying amounts to the future undiscounted cash flows the assets are expected to generate. If intangible assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized equals the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair market value.

Intangible assets are as follows:

	May 31,				February 29,
	2023		Amortization		2024
Database (estimated life 5 years)	$	103,500	$	34,500	$	69,000
Trademark (estimated life 3 years)		5,000		5,000		-
Customer relationships (estimated life 15 years)		1,225,000		75,000		1,150,000
Total	$	1,333,500	$	114,500	$	1,219,000

No instances of triggering events or impairment indicators were identified as of February 29, 2024.

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TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

February 29, 2024

(Unaudited)

10.

Related Party Transactions

On January 5, 2021, the members of the Board of Directors of TSR, Inc. other than Robert Fitzgerald approved providing a waiver to QAR Industries, Inc. for its contemplated acquisition of shares owned by Fintech Consulting LLC under the Company’s prior Amended and Restated Rights Agreement so that a distribution date would not occur as a result of the acquisition. QAR Industries, Inc. and Fintech Consulting LLC were both principal stockholders of the Company, each owning more than 5% of the Company’s outstanding common stock prior to the consummation of the acquisition. Robert Fitzgerald is the President and majority stockholder of QAR Industries, Inc. The other directors of the Company are not affiliated with QAR Industries, Inc.

On February 3, 2021, the acquisition was completed and QAR Industries, Inc. purchased 348,414 shares of TSR, Inc. common stock from Fintech Consulting LLC at a price of $7.25 per share. At the same time, Bradley M. Tirpak, Chairman of TSR, Inc., purchased 27,586 shares of the Company’s common stock from Fintech Consulting LLC at a price of $7.25 per share.

On December 1, 2021, Fintech Consulting LLC (the “Plaintiff”) filed a complaint against the Company in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey, related to the foregoing transaction. The named defendants in the complaint were the Company, QAR Industries, Inc., Robert E. Fitzgerald, a director and a stockholder of QAR Industries, Inc., and Bradley Tirpak (the “Defendants”). The complaint purported to assert claims against the Defendants under state law and Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) in connection with a Share Purchase Agreement, dated January 31, 2021, by and between the Plaintiff, as the seller of shares of the Company’s common stock, and QAR Industries, Inc. and Mr. Tirpak, as the purchasers of such shares (the “SPA”). The Plaintiff sought (i) judgment declaring the transactions represented by the SPA null and void and for the return of the shares; (ii) judgment cancelling the SPA and returning the shares in exchange for return of the purchase price; (iii) judgment unwinding the transaction; (iv) compensatory damages; (v) punitive damages; (vi) pre-judgment interest; (vii) costs of the lawsuit including attorneys’ fees; and (viii) such other relief as the Court may find appropriate. The Plaintiff filed its first amended complaint on March 2, 2022 which the Defendants moved to dismiss on April 19, 2022. On December 7, 2022, the court granted the Defendants’ motion and dismissed the New Jersey Action on jurisdictional grounds.

Following the dismissal of the original lawsuit, the Plaintiff filed another complaint relating to the SPA against the Defendants on January 12, 2023, in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (the “Delaware Chancery Action”), asserting claims and seeking relief substantially similar to that which was asserted and sought in the preceding lawsuit. The Delaware Chancery Action was dismissed without prejudice by the court on January 23, 2023.

On January 22, 2023, the Plaintiff filed a complaint against the Company in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware (the “Delaware Federal Action”). The Delaware Federal Action, in sum and substance, asserted claims and sought relief substantially similar to that contained in both the New Jersey Action and the Delaware Chancery Action.

Although the Company believed the Delaware Federal Action described above to be without merit, to avoid the time and expense of litigation, the Company negotiated with the Plaintiff to settle this matter pursuant to a settlement agreement and release dated April 24, 2023. An amount of $75,000 was paid in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2023 to settle this matter. Upon the payment of the settlement amount (i) the Plaintiff forever released and discharged the Defendants from any and all claims or liability of any nature whatsoever; (ii) the Defendants forever released and discharged the Plaintiff from any and all claims or liability of any nature whatsoever that relate to the Delaware Federal Action or the SPA; and (iii) the Plaintiff filed a Stipulation of Dismissal with Prejudice on April 27, 2023.

The Company has provided placement services for an entity in which a Board of Director of the Company is the former CEO. Revenues for such services were $8,600 in the three months ended February 29, 2024, and $35,000 in the three months ended February 28, 2023. Revenues for such services in the nine months ended February 29, 2024, and February 28, 2023 were approximately $25,400 and $70,800, respectively. There were no amounts outstanding as accounts receivable from this entity as of February 29, 2024 or February 28, 2023.

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TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

February 29, 2024

(Unaudited)

11.

Common Stock

Our certificate of incorporation, as amended, authorizes the issuance of up to 12,500,000 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share.

On October 8, 2021, the Company filed an automatic shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-260152) (the “2021 TSRI Shelf”) which contains (i) a base prospectus, which covers the offering, issuance and sale by the Company of up to $5,000,000 in the aggregate of shares of common stock from time to time in one or more offerings; and (ii) a sales agreement prospectus, which covers the offering, issuance and sale by the Company of up to $4,167,000 in the aggregate of shares of common stock that may be issued and sold from time to time under an at-the-market sales agreement (the “2021 ATM”) by and between the Company and A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners, as sales agent (the “2021 Agent”). The $4,167,000 of common stock that may be offered, issued and sold under the sales agreement prospectus is included in the $5,000,000 of shares of common stock that may be offered, issued and sold by the Company under the base prospectus. Upon termination of the sales agreement, any portion of the $4,167,000 included in the sales agreement prospectus that is not sold pursuant to the sales agreement will be available for sale in other offerings pursuant to the base prospectus and if no shares are sold under the agreement, the full $4,167,000 of securities may be sold in other offerings pursuant to the base prospectus. Under the 2021 ATM, we pay the 2021 Agent a commission rate equal to 3.0% of the gross sales price per share of all shares sold through the 2021 Agent under the sales agreement.

During the fiscal year ended May 31, 2022, we sold an aggregate of 142,500 shares of common stock pursuant to the 2021 ATM for total gross proceeds of $1,965,623 at an average selling price of $13.79 per share, resulting in net proceeds of $1,783,798 after deducting $181,825 in commissions and other transactions costs. There were no shares sold during the quarters or nine months ended February 29, 2024 and February 28, 2023.

The 2021 TSRI Shelf is currently our only active shelf-registration statement. We may offer TSR, Inc. common stock registered under the 2021 TSRI Shelf from time to time in response to market conditions or other circumstances if we believe such a plan of financing is in the best interests of our stockholders. We believe that the 2021 TSRI Shelf provides us with the flexibility to raise additional capital to finance our operations as needed,.however, there is no assurance we will be successful in doing so.

12.

Stock-based Compensation Expense

On January 28, 2021, the Company granted 108,333 shares in time vesting restricted stock awards and 69,167 shares in time and performance vesting restricted stock awards to officers, directors and key employees under the Plan. The time vesting shares vest in tranches at the one-, two- and three-year anniversaries of the grants (“service condition”). These shares had a grant date fair value of $826,000 based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the day prior to the grants. The associated compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the time between grant date and the date the shares vest (the “service period”). On January 29, 2024, the Company granted 69,167 shares in time and performance vesting restricted stock awards under the Plan.

The time and performance vesting shares also vest in tranches at or after the two- and three-year anniversaries of the grants. The performance condition is defined in the grant agreements and relates to the market price of the Company’s common stock over a stated period of time (“market condition”). These 2021 and 2024 shares had grant date values of $262,000 and $300,000, respectively, based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the day prior to the grants discounted by an estimated forfeiture rate of 40-60%. The Company took into account the historical volatility of its common stock to assess the probability of satisfying the market condition. The associated compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis between the time the achievement of the performance criteria is deemed probable and the time the shares may vest. During the three months ended February 29, 2024 and February 28, 2023, $28,000 and $55,000, respectively, have been recorded as stock-based compensation expense and included in selling, general and administrative expenses. During the nine months ended February 29, 2024 and February 28, 2023, $79,000 and $193,000, respectively, have been recorded as stock-based compensation expense and included in selling, general and administrative expenses. As of February 29, 2024, there is approximately $290,000 of unearned compensation expense that will be expensed through January 2027; 34,333 stock awards expected to vest; 108,333 awards vested to date, of which 16,635 were forfeited to pay taxes applicable to the stock awards.

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TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

February 29, 2024

(Unaudited)

13.

Stock Repurchase Program

On September 12, 2022, the Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program of up to $500,000 of the Company’s outstanding common stock, par value $0.01 per share. The stock repurchase program commenced two business days after the filing of the related Form 8-K and is authorized for the twelve (12) months following the commencement date.

The shares may be repurchased from time to time in open market transactions at prevailing market prices, in privately negotiated transactions, or by other means in accordance with federal securities laws. The actual timing, number and value of shares repurchased under the program will be determined by the Board of Directors at its discretion and will depend on a number of factors, including the market price of the Company’s stock, general market and economic conditions, and applicable legal and contractual requirements. The Company has no obligation or commitment to repurchase all or any portion of the shares covered by this authorization.

During the three months and nine months ended February 28, 2023, 8,017 and 22,834 shares of the Company’s common stock were repurchased at an aggregate cost of $64,043 and $180,469, respectively. No shares were repurchased in the three months and nine months ended February 29, 2024.

14.

Advances from Customers

In January 2024, the New York State Office of Unclaimed Funds approved a Voluntary Disclosure Agreement (“VDA”) with the Company to resolve aged remittances received from customers that were not able to be reconciled and applied to invoices. These amounts have historically been carried as liabilities under the heading “Advances from Customers.” The process of identifying and remediating these payments where possible resulted in a payment to New York State of approximately $69,000. The approved VDA released the Company from liability for items aged beyond the scope of the ten year lookback period for items identified as New York based or unknown addresses. This resulted in the reversal of approximately $547,000 of these items from advances from customers. This amount is recorded as “Other Income” in the third quarter of fiscal 2024.

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TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes to such financial statements.

Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements contained in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, including statements concerning the Company’s plans, future prospects, and the Company’s future cash flow requirements are forward-looking statements, as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Actual results may differ materially from those projections in the forward-looking statements due to known and unknown risks and uncertainties, including but not limited to the following: the statements concerning the success of the Company’s plan for growth, both internally and through the previously announced pursuit of suitable acquisition candidates; the successful integration of announced and completed acquisitions and any anticipated benefits therefrom; the impact of adverse economic conditions on client spending which has a negative impact on the Company’s business; risks relating to the competitive nature of the markets for contract computer programming services; the extent to which market conditions for the Company’s contract computer programming services will continue to adversely affect the Company’s business; the concentration of the Company’s business with certain customers; uncertainty as to the Company’s ability to maintain its relations with existing customers and expand its business; the impact of changes in the industry, such as the use of vendor management companies in connection with the consultant procurement process; the increase in customers moving IT operations offshore; the Company’s ability to adapt to changing market conditions; the risks, uncertainties, and expense of the legal proceedings to which the Company is a party; and other risks and uncertainties set forth in the Company’s filings with the SEC. The Company is under no obligation to publicly update or revise forward-looking statements.

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, certain financial information derived from the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations. There can be no assurance that trends in operating results will continue in the future.

Three months ended February 29, 2024 compared with three months ended February 28, 2023:

	(Dollar amounts in thousands) Three Months Ended
	February 29, 2024						February 28, 2023
	Amount			% of Revenue			Amount			% of Revenue
Revenue, net	$	19,703			100.0	%	$	24,257			100.0	%
Cost of sales		16,372			83.1	%		20,267			83.6	%
Gross profit		3,331			16.9	%		3,990			16.4	%
Selling, general and administrative expenses		3,368			17.1	%		3,769			15.5	%
Income (loss) from operations		(37	)		(0.2	)%		221			0.9	%
Other income (expense), net		574			2.9	%		(13	)		(0.0	)%
Income before income taxes		537			2.7	%		208			0.9	%
Provision for income taxes		110			0.5	%		110			0.5	%
Consolidated net income		427			2.2	%		98			0.4	%
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest		16			0.1	%		18			0.1	%
Net income attributable to TSR, Inc.	$	411			2.1	%	$	80			0.3	%

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TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Revenue

Revenue consists primarily of revenue from computer programming consulting services. Revenue for the quarter ended February 29, 2024, decreased approximately $4,554,000 or 18.8% from the quarter ended February 28, 2023, primarily due to a decrease in clerical and administrative contractors placed with customers. The average number of consultants on billing with customers decreased from 640 for the quarter ended February 28, 2023 to 468 for the quarter ended February 29, 2024. There was an average of 467 and 410 IT contractors for the quarters ended February 28, 2023 and February 29, 2024, respectively, while there was an average of 173 and 58 clerical and administrative contractors for the quarters ended February 28, 2023 and February 29, 2024, respectively. Customers using our clerical and administrative contractors have decreased their spending by reducing hiring, terminating assignments early, and hiring our contractors directly at a greater rate than usual.

Cost of Sales

Cost of sales for the quarter ended February 29, 2024, decreased approximately $3,895,000 or 19.2% to $16,372,000 from $20,267,000 in the prior year period. The decrease in cost of sales resulted primarily from a decrease in consultants placed with customers. Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue was 83.6% in the quarter ended February 28, 2023 and 83.1% in the quarter ended February 29, 2024.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of expenses relating to account executives, technical recruiters, facilities costs, management, and corporate overhead. These expenses decreased approximately $401,000 or 10.6% from $3,769,000 in the quarter ended February 28, 2023, to $3,368,000 in the quarter ended February 29, 2024. The decrease in these expenses primarily resulted from a decrease of $246,000 in sales incentive compensation and $242,000 from a reduction of both onshore and offshore recruiting in line with the decrease in new placement opportunities with customers, offset by an increase in professional fees of $136,000 in connection with the Company exploring strategic alternatives. Selling, general and administrative expenses, as a percentage of revenue increased from 15.5% in the quarter ended February 28, 2023, to 17.1% in the quarter ended February 29, 2024.

Other Income (Expense)

Other income for the quarter ended February 29, 2024 resulted primarily from the reversal of approximately $547,000 from advances from customers due to a settlement with the New York State Office of Unclaimed Property, net interest income of $28,000, and a mark-to-market loss of approximately $1,000 on the Company’s marketable equity securities. Other expense for the quarter ended February 28, 2023 resulted primarily from net interest expense of $9,000 and a mark-to-market loss of approximately $4,000 on the Company’s marketable equity securities.

Income Tax Provision

The income tax provision included in the Company’s results of operations for the quarters ended February 29, 2024 and February 28, 2023 reflect the Company’s estimated effective tax rate for the fiscal years ending May 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. These rates resulted in a provision of 20.5% for the quarter ended February 29, 2024 and a provision of 52.9% for the quarter ended February 28, 2023. The difference in the rates is primarily explained by the quarter ended February 29, 2024 having a decrease in the tax provision due to the true-up of the fiscal year ended May 31, 2023 state taxes, while the quarter ended February 28, 2023 having an increase in the tax provision due to the true-up of the fiscal year ended May 31, 2022 state taxes. The quarter ended February 28, 2023 was also impacted by an increase in the deferred state tax provision due to the use of net operating loss carry forwards.

Net Income Attributable to TSR, Inc.

Net income attributable to TSR, Inc. was approximately $411,000 in the quarter ended February 29, 2024 compared to $80,000 in the quarter ended February 28, 2023. The increase in net income from the prior year quarter was primarily attributable to the reversal of advances from customers due to a settlement with the New York State Office of Unclaimed Property.

Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices

For the quarters ended February 29, 2024 and February 28, 2023, inflation and changing prices did not have a material effect on the Company’s revenue or income from continuing operations.

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TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Nine months ended February 29, 2024 compared with nine months ended February 28, 2023:

	(Dollar amounts in thousands) Nine Months Ended
	February 29, 2024					February 28, 2023
	Amount		% of Revenue			Amount			% of Revenue
Revenue, net	$	63,874		100.0	%	$	76,487			100.0	%
Cost of sales		52,699		82.5	%		63,434			82.9	%
Gross profit		11,175		17.5	%		13,053			17.1	%
Selling, general and administrative expenses		9,805		15.4	%		11,072			14.5	%
Income from operations		1,370		2.1	%		1,981			2.6	%
Other income (expense), net		609		1.0	%		(60	)		(0.1	)%
Income before income taxes		1,979		3.1	%		1,921			2.5	%
Provision for income taxes		494		0.8	%		629			0.8	%
Consolidated net income		1,485		2.3	%		1,292			1.7	%
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest		67		0.1	%		44			0.1	%
Net income attributable to TSR, Inc.	$	1,418		2.2	%	$	1,248			1.6	%

Revenue

Revenue consists primarily of revenue from computer programming consulting services. Revenue for the nine months ended February 29, 2024, decreased approximately $12,613,000 or 16.5% from the nine months ended February 28, 2023, primarily due to a decrease in clerical and administrative contractors placed with customers. The average number of consultants on billing with customers decreased from 671 for the nine months ended February 28, 2023 to 502 for the nine months ended February 29, 2024. There was an average of 467 and 428 IT contractors for the nine months ended February 28, 2023 and February 29, 2024, respectively, while there was an average of 203 and 74 clerical and administrative contractors for the nine months ended February 28, 2023 and February 29, 2024, respectively. Customers using our clerical and administrative contractors have decreased their spending by reducing hiring, terminating assignments early, and hiring our contractors directly at a greater rate than usual.

Cost of Sales

Cost of sales for the nine months ended February 29, 2024, decreased approximately $10,735,000 or 16.9% to $52,699,000 from $63,434,000 in the prior year period. The decrease in cost of sales resulted primarily from a decrease in consultants placed with customers. Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue decreased from 82.9% in the nine months ended February 28, 2023, to 82.5% in the nine months ended February 29, 2024. Cost of sales decreased at a higher rate than revenue when comparing the nine months ended February 29, 2024, to the prior year period, causing an increase in gross margins. The change in the business mix towards having a higher percentage of IT contractors yielded the increase in gross margin percentage.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of expenses relating to account executives, technical recruiters, facilities costs, management, and corporate overhead. These expenses decreased approximately $1,267,000 or 11.5% from $11,072,000 in the nine months ended February 28, 2023, to $9,805,000 in the nine months ended February 29, 2024. The decrease in these expenses primarily resulted from a decrease of $674,000 from a reduction of both onshore and offshore recruiting in line with the decrease in new placement opportunities with customers and a $270,000 decrease in sales incentive compensation. Additionally, the Company incurred non-cash compensation expenses of $79,000 in the nine months ended February 29, 2024, and $193,000 in the nine months ended February 28, 2023, related to the Plan. Selling, general and administrative expenses, as a percentage of revenue increased from 14.5% in the nine months ended February 28, 2023, to 15.4% in the nine months ended February 29, 2024.

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TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Other Income (Expense)

Other income for the nine months ended February 29, 2024 resulted primarily from the reversal of approximately $547,000 of advances from customers due to a settlement with the New York State Office of Unclaimed Property, net interest income of $52,000, and a mark-to-market gain of approximately $9,000 on the Company’s marketable equity securities. Other expense for the nine months ended February 28, 2023 resulted primarily from net interest expense of $45,000 and a mark-to-market loss of approximately $15,000 on the Company’s marketable equity securities.

Income Tax Provision

The income tax provision included in the Company’s results of operations for the nine months ended February 29, 2024 and February 28, 2023 reflect the Company’s estimated effective tax rate for the fiscal years ending May 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. These rates resulted in a provision of 25.0% for the nine months ended February 29, 2024 and a provision of 32.7% for the nine months ended February 28, 2023. The difference in the rates is primarily explained by the nine months ended February 29, 2024 having a decrease in the tax provision due to the true-up of the fiscal year ended May 31, 2023 state taxes, while the nine months ended February 28, 2023 having an increase in the tax provision due to the true-up of the fiscal year ended May 31, 2022 state taxes. The nine months ended February 28, 2023 was also impacted by an increase in the deferred state tax provision due to the use of net operating loss carry forwards.

Net Income Attributable to TSR, Inc.

Net income attributable to TSR, Inc. was approximately $1,418,000 in the nine months ended February 29, 2024 compared to $1,248,000 in the nine months ended February 28, 2023. The increase in net income from the prior year period was primarily attributable to the reversal of advances from customers due to a settlement with the New York State Office of Unclaimed Property.

Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices

For the nine months ended February 29, 2024 and February 28, 2023, inflation and changing prices did not have a material effect on the Company’s revenue or income from continuing operations.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company’s cash was sufficient to enable it to meet its liquidity requirements during the period ended February 29, 2024. The Company expects that its cash and cash equivalents and the Company’s Credit Facility pursuant to a Loan and Security Agreement with Access Capital, Inc. (the “Lender”) will be sufficient to provide the Company with adequate resources to meet its liquidity requirements for the 12-month period following the issuance of these condensed consolidated financial statements. Utilizing its accounts receivable as collateral, the Company has secured this Credit Facility to increase its liquidity as necessary. As of February 29, 2024, the Company had no net borrowings outstanding against this Credit Facility. The amount the Company has borrowed fluctuates and, at times, it has utilized the maximum amount of $2,000,000 available under this facility to fund its payroll and other obligations. The Company was in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Facility as of February 29, 2024, and through the date of this filing.

At February 29, 2024, the Company had working capital (total current assets in excess of total current liabilities) of approximately $15,248,000, including cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities of $10,662,000 as compared to working capital of $13,551,000, including cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities of $7,897,000 at May 31, 2023.

Net cash flow of approximately $2,821,000 was provided by operations during the nine months ended February 29, 2024 as compared to $2,393,000 of net cash provided operations in the prior year period. The cash provided by operations for the nine months ended February 29, 2024 primarily resulted from consolidated net income of $1,485,000, a decrease in accounts receivable of $1,546,000 and an increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $239,000, offset by an increase in prepaid expenses of $187,000 and a decrease in advances from customers of $678,000. The cash provided by operations for the nine months ended February 28, 2023 primarily resulted from consolidated net income of $1,292,000, a decrease in accounts receivable of $1,848,000 offset by a decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $926,000, a decrease in legal settlement payable of $598,000 and a decrease in deferred income taxes of $493,000.

Net cash provided by investing activities of approximately $490,000 for the nine months ended February 29, 2024 primarily resulted from an excess of maturing certificates of deposit over purchases. Net cash used in investing activities of approximately $996,000 for the nine months ended February 28, 2023 primarily resulted from purchases of certificates of deposit of $990,000 and purchases of fixed assets of $6,000.

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TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Net cash used in financing activities during the nine months ended February 29, 2024 resulted primarily from distributions to the minority interest of $66,000. Net cash used in financing activities during the nine months ended February 28, 2023 of $318,000 primarily resulted from purchases of treasury stock of $180,000, distributions to the minority interest of $75,000 and from net repayments under the Company’s Credit Facility of $62,000.

The Company’s capital resource commitments at February 29, 2024 consisted of lease obligations on its branch and corporate facilities. The net present value of its future lease payments was approximately $650,000 as of February 29, 2024. The Company intends to finance these commitments primarily from the Company’s available cash and Credit Facility.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors.

Critical Accounting Estimates

The Exchange Act regulations define “critical accounting estimates” as those estimates made in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles that involve a significant level of estimation uncertainty and have had or are reasonably likely to have a material impact on the financial condition or results of operations of the registrant. These estimates require the application of management’s most difficult subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and may change in subsequent periods.

The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in Note 1 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements, contained in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The Company believes that those accounting policies require the application of management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments and are thus considered critical accounting estimates under the Exchange Act. There have been no changes in the Company’s significant accounting policies as of February 29, 2024.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the information called for by this Item.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures. The Company conducted an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the principal executive officer and principal accounting officer, of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act). Based on this evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal accounting officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. There was no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the Company’s most recently completed fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Part II. Other Information

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

None.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

We operate in a rapidly changing environment that involves a number of risks that could materially affect our business, financial condition, or future results, some of which are beyond our control. In addition to the other information set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, you should carefully consider the factors in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2023, as filed with the SEC. We are not aware of any material updates to the risk factors described in our previously filed Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2023.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

None.

Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

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TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit		Document
Exhibit 31.1		Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification by Thomas Salerno as principal executive officer
Exhibit 31.2		Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification by John G. Sharkey as principal financial officer
Exhibit 32.1		Section 1350 Certification by Thomas Salerno as principal executive officer
Exhibit 32.2		Section 1350 Certification by John G. Sharkey as principal financial officer
Exhibit 101		Interactive Data File containing the following financial information from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 29, 2024, formatted in Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language (Inline XBRL): (i) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity, (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (v) the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Exhibit 104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereto duly authorized.

	TSR, Inc.
	(Registrant)

Date: April 15, 2024	/s/ Thomas Salerno
	Thomas Salerno, Chief Executive Officer, President, Treasurer and Principal Executive Officer

Date: April 15, 2024	/s/ John G. Sharkey
	John G. Sharkey, Sr. Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Secretary, Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer

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SEC Form 10-Q filed by TSR Inc.