Document

DEF 14A 1 tvtx-2021definitiveproxy.htm DEF 14A Document

SCHEDULE 14A INFORMATION

Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of the

Securities Exchange Act of 1934

(Amendment No. )


Filed by the Registrant						ý
Filed by a Party other than the Registrant						¨

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¨ Preliminary Proxy Statement

¨ Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))

ý Definitive Proxy Statement

¨ Definitive Additional Materials

¨ Soliciting Material Pursuant to §240.14a-12

TRAVERE THERAPEUTICS, INC.

(Name of Registrant as Specified In Its Charter)

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ý No fee required.

¨ Fee computed on table below per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(1) and 0-11.


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¨ Fee paid previously with preliminary materials.

¨ Check box if any part of the fee is offset as provided by Exchange Act Rule 0-11(a)(2) and identify the filing for which the offsetting fee was paid previously. Identify the previous filing by registration statement number, or the Form or Schedule and the date of its filing.


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4			Date Filed:

TRAVERE THERAPEUTICS, INC.

3611 Valley Centre Drive, Suite 300

San Diego, CA 92130

NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS

To Be Held On May 14, 2021

Dear Stockholder:

We are hereby providing notice that the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Annual Meeting”) of Travere Therapeutics, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”) will be held virtually by means of remote communication via a live audio webcast accessible on May 14, 2021 at 8:00 a.m., U.S. Pacific Time. The annual meeting will be held exclusively online and you must register in advance, as described below, in order to attend the virtual meeting.

The annual meeting is being held for the following purposes:

1.To elect the ten nominees for director named herein to the Board of Directors to serve for a term of one year;

2.To approve an amendment to the Company's Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, to increase the authorized number of shares of common stock from 100,000,000 to 200,000,000;

3.To approve the Company's 2018 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended, to, among other items, increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance thereunder by 3,200,000 shares;

4.To approve, on an advisory basis, the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers;

5.To ratify the selection by the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of BDO USA, LLP as the independent registered public accounting firm of the Company for its fiscal year ending December 31, 2021; and

6.To conduct any other business properly brought before the meeting.

These items of business are more fully described in the Proxy Statement accompanying this Notice.

As noted above, the Annual Meeting will be completely virtual and conducted via live audio webcast because of the public health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. There will not be a physical meeting location, and stockholders will not be able to attend the Annual Meeting in person. In order to attend the Annual Meeting you must first register at http://viewproxy.com/Travere/2021/htype.asp by 11:59 PM U.S. Eastern Time on May 11, 2021 (the "Registration Deadline"). After completion of your registration by the Registration Deadline, you will receive a meeting invitation by e-mail with your unique join link along with a password prior to the meeting date. Stockholders will be able to listen, vote, and submit questions during the virtual meeting, and will be able to submit questions for consideration in advance of the meeting. You may submit a question in advance of the meeting as a part of the registration process. Questions pertinent to meeting matters that are submitted in accordance with our Rules of Conduct for the annual meeting will be answered during the meeting, subject to applicable time constraints. Our Rules of Conduct for the Annual Meeting are available on our registration site at http://viewproxy.com/Travere/2021/htype.asp.

Please note that you will bear any costs associated with your Internet access, such as usage charges from Internet access providers and telephone companies.

Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held

May 14, 2021 at 8:00 a.m., U.S. Pacific Time

The Proxy Statement and our 2020 Annual Report to Stockholders are available at:

http://www.viewproxy.com/travere/2021

The record date for the Annual Meeting is March 23, 2021. Only stockholders of record at the close of business on that date may vote at the meeting or any adjournment thereof.

All stockholders are invited to attend the Annual Meeting. Your vote is important, and we strongly encourage you to vote your shares by proxy as soon as possible to ensure your representation at the Annual Meeting. You may vote over the Internet, as well as by telephone or by mailing a proxy or voting instruction form. Please review the instructions on each of your voting options described in these proxy materials. You may also vote your shares online during the Annual Meeting.


			By Order of the Board of Directors
			/s/ Elizabeth E. Reed
			Elizabeth E. Reed
			General Counsel and Secretary

San Diego, California

April 16, 2021

We urge you to please complete, date, sign and return the enclosed proxy, or vote over the internet or using a telephone as instructed in these materials, as promptly as possible in order to ensure your representation at the meeting. You may vote in person if you attend the meeting, even if you have voted by proxy. Please note, however, that if your shares are held of record by a broker, bank or other nominee and you wish to vote at the meeting, you must obtain a proxy issued in your name from that record holder.

TRAVERE THERAPEUTICS, INC.

3611 Valley Centre Drive, Suite 300

San Diego CA 92130

PROXY STATEMENT

FOR THE 2021 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS

To be held on May 14, 2021

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THESE PROXY MATERIALS AND VOTING

Why am I receiving these materials?

We have sent you these proxy materials because the Board of Directors (sometimes referred to as the “Board”) of Travere Therapeutics, Inc. (sometimes referred to as “we,” “us,” the “Company” or “Travere”) is soliciting your proxy to vote at the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Annual Meeting”) to be held by means of remote communication via live audio webcast on May 14, 2021 at 8:00 a.m., U.S. Pacific Time, including at any adjournments or postponements of the meeting. All stockholders who find it convenient to do so are cordially invited to attend the virtual annual meeting. However, you do not need to attend the meeting to vote your shares. To vote your shares you may simply complete, sign and return the enclosed proxy card, or vote over the internet or using a telephone as instructed in these materials. You may also vote your shares online during the Annual Meeting.

We intend to mail these proxy materials on or about April 16, 2021 to all stockholders of record entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting.

Attending the Annual Meeting Virtually

The meeting will be accessible virtually via live audio webcast on Friday, May 14, 2021 at 8:00 a.m., U.S. Pacific Time.

Both stockholders of record and street name stockholders will be able to attend the Annual Meeting via live audio webcast and vote their shares online during the Annual Meeting. If you wish to submit a question, you may do so in advance of the meeting as part of the registration process. Alternatively, if you want to submit your question during the meeting, you may do so by typing your question into the questions/chat box section on your screen. Questions pertinent to meeting matters and that are submitted in accordance with our Rules of Conduct for the Annual Meeting will be answered during the meeting, subject to applicable time constraints. Our Rules of Conduct for the Annual Meeting are available on our registration site at http://viewproxy.com/Travere/2021/htype.asp.

If you are a registered holder, your virtual control number will be on your proxy card.

If you hold your shares beneficially through a bank or broker, you must provide a legal proxy from your bank or broker during the registration and you will be assigned a virtual control number in order to vote your shares during the annual meeting. If you are unable to obtain a legal proxy to vote your shares, you will still be able to attend the 2021 annual meeting (but will not be able to vote your shares) so long as you demonstrate proof of stock ownership. Instructions on how to connect and participate via the Internet, including how to demonstrate proof of stock ownership, are posted at http://viewproxy.com/Travere/2021/htype.asp. On the day of the annual meeting, you may only vote during the meeting if you have e-mailed a copy of your legal proxy to virtualmeeting@viewproxy.com in advance of the meeting.

Technical Difficulties

There will be technicians ready to assist you with any technical difficulties you may have accessing the Annual Meeting live audio webcast. Please be sure to check in by 7:45 a.m. U.S. Pacific Time on May 14, 2021, the day of the meeting, so that any technical difficulties may be addressed before the Annual Meeting live audio webcast begins. If you encounter any difficulties accessing the webcast during the check-in or meeting time, please email VirtualMeeting@viewproxy.com or call 866-612-8937.

Who can vote at the Annual Meeting?

Only stockholders of record at the close of business on March 23, 2021 will be entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting. On this record date, there were 60,435,730 shares of common stock outstanding and entitled to vote.

Stockholder of Record: Shares Registered in Your Name

If on March 23, 2021 your shares were registered directly in your name with the Company’s transfer agent, American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, then you are a stockholder of record. As a stockholder of record, you are permitted to vote at the meeting or vote by proxy. However, in lieu of voting at the Annual Meeting, we urge you to fill out and return the enclosed proxy card, or vote over the internet or using a telephone as instructed in these materials.

Beneficial Owner: Shares Registered in the Name of a Broker or Bank

If on March 23, 2021 your shares were held, not in your name, but rather in an account at a brokerage firm, bank, dealer or other similar organization, then you are the beneficial owner of shares held in “street name” and these proxy materials are being forwarded to you by that organization. The organization holding your account is considered to be the stockholder of record for purposes of voting at the Annual Meeting. As a beneficial owner, you have the right to direct your broker or other agent regarding how to vote the shares in your account. Since you are not the stockholder of record, you may not vote your shares in person at the meeting unless you request and obtain a valid proxy from your broker or other

agent. If you are a beneficial holder and want to vote at the meeting, you must obtain and upload a copy of your legal proxy from your bank or broker during registration and you will be assigned a virtual control number in order to vote your shares during the annual meeting. On the day of the annual meeting, you may only vote during the meeting if you have e-mailed a copy of your legal proxy to virtualmeeting@viewproxy.com in advance of the meeting.

What am I voting on?

There are five matters scheduled for a vote:

•election of the ten nominees for director named herein to the Board of Directors to serve for a term of one year;

•approval of an amendment to the Company's Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, to increase the authorized number of shares of common stock from 100,000,000 to 200,000,000;

•approval of the Company's 2018 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended, to, among other items, increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance thereunder by 3,200,000 shares;

•approval, on an advisory basis, of the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers;

•ratification of the selection by the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of BDO USA, LLP as the independent registered public accounting firm of the Company for its fiscal year ending December 31, 2021.

What if another matter is properly brought before the meeting?

The Board of Directors knows of no other matters that will be presented for consideration at the Annual Meeting. If any other matters are properly brought before the meeting, it is the intention of the persons named in the accompanying proxy to vote on those matters in accordance with their best judgment.

How do I vote?

For Proposal 1, you may either vote “For” all the nominees to the Board of Directors or you may “Withhold” your vote for any nominee you specify. For each other matter to be voted on, you may vote “For” or “Against” or abstain from voting.

The procedures for voting are as follows:

Stockholder of Record: Shares Registered in Your Name

If you are a stockholder of record, you may vote at the Annual Meeting or vote by proxy using the enclosed proxy card, or vote over the internet or using a telephone as instructed in these materials. You may vote in person at the Annual Meeting, even if you have already voted by proxy.

•To vote using the enclosed proxy card, simply complete, sign and date the proxy card and return it promptly in the envelope provided. If you return your signed proxy card to us before the Annual Meeting, we will vote your shares as you direct.

•To vote by telephone, dial toll-free 1 (866) 804-9616 using a touch-tone phone and follow the instructions. Have your proxy card available when you call. Your vote must be received by 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on May 13, 2021 to be counted.

•To vote through the internet, go to www.AALvote.com/TVTX to complete an electronic proxy card. Have your proxy card available when you access the website. Your vote must be received by 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on May 13, 2021 to be counted.

Beneficial Owner: Shares Registered in the Name of Broker or Bank

If you are a beneficial owner of shares registered in the name of your broker, bank, or other agent, you should have received a voting instruction form with these proxy materials from that organization rather than from us. Simply complete and mail the voting instruction form to ensure that your vote is counted. To vote in person at the Annual Meeting, you must obtain a valid proxy from your broker, bank or other agent and you must obtain and upload a copy of your legal proxy from your bank or broker and then a virtual control number will be e-mailed to you. Follow the instructions from your broker or bank included with these proxy materials, or contact your broker or bank to request a proxy form.

Voting Information - Online Voting at the Annual Meeting

You may still attend the meeting and vote online during the meeting even if you have already voted by proxy. In order to attend and vote online during the meeting, stockholders must register in advance at http://viewproxy.com/Travere/2021/htype.asp prior to the Registration Deadline of 11:59 PM U.S. Eastern Time on May 11, 2021. After completion of your registration by the Registration Deadline, you will receive a meeting invitation by e-mail with your unique join link along with a password prior to the meeting date. If you encounter any difficulties accessing the virtual meeting the check-in or meeting time, please call the technical support number provided.

During the Virtual Meeting, please visit www.aalvote.com/TVTX in order to vote your shares during the meeting while the polls are open. You will need your Virtual Control Number in order to vote your shares.

How many votes do I have?

On each matter to be voted upon, you have one vote for each share of common stock you own as of March 23, 2021.

What happens if I do not vote?

Stockholder of Record: Shares Registered in Your Name

If you are a stockholder of record and do not vote by completing your proxy card or at the Annual Meeting, your shares will not be voted.

Beneficial Owner: Shares Registered in the Name of Broker or Bank

If you are a beneficial owner and do not instruct your broker, bank, or other agent how to vote your shares, the question of whether your broker or nominee will still be able to vote your shares depends on whether The New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) deems the particular proposal to be a “routine” matter. Brokers and nominees can use their discretion to vote “uninstructed” shares with respect to matters that are considered to be “routine,” but not with respect to “non-routine” matters. Under the rules and interpretations of the NYSE, “non-routine” matters are matters that may substantially affect the rights or privileges of stockholders, such as mergers, stockholder proposals, elections of directors (even if not contested), executive compensation (including any advisory stockholder votes on executive compensation and on the frequency of stockholder votes on executive compensation), and certain corporate governance proposals, even if management-supported. Accordingly, your broker or nominee may not vote your shares on Proposals 1, 2, 3, or 4 without your instructions, but may vote your shares on Proposal 5.

What if I return a proxy card or otherwise vote but do not make specific choices?

If you return a signed and dated proxy card or otherwise vote without marking voting selections, your shares will be voted, as applicable, “For” the election of all ten nominees for director, "For" approval of the amendment to the Company's Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, to increase the authorized number of shares of common stock from 100,000,000 to 200,000,000, “For” approval of the Company's 2018 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended, to, among other items, increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance thereunder by 3,200,000 shares, "For" the approval of the compensation of our named executive officers as disclosed in this proxy statement, and “For” ratification of selection by the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of BDO USA, LLP as independent registered public accounting firm of the Company for its fiscal year ending December 31, 2021. If any other matter is properly presented at the meeting, your proxyholder (one of the individuals named on your proxy card) will vote your shares using his or her best judgment.

Who is paying for this proxy solicitation?

We will pay for the entire cost of soliciting proxies. In addition to these proxy materials, our directors and employees may also solicit proxies in person, by telephone, or by other means of communication. Directors and employees will not be paid any additional compensation for soliciting proxies. We may also reimburse brokerage firms, banks and other agents for the cost of forwarding proxy materials to beneficial owners.

In addition, we have retained Alliance Advisors to assist in the solicitation. We will pay Alliance Advisors approximately $9,500 plus out-of-pocket expenses, for its assistance.

What does it mean if I receive more than one set of proxy materials?

If you receive more than one set of proxy materials, your shares may be registered in more than one name or in different accounts. Please follow the voting instructions on the proxy cards in the proxy materials to ensure that all of your shares are voted.

Can I change my vote after submitting my proxy?

Stockholder of Record: Shares Registered in Your Name

Yes. You can revoke your proxy at any time before the final vote at the meeting. If you are the record holder of your shares, you may revoke your proxy in any one of the following ways:

•You may submit another properly completed proxy card with a later date.

•You may grant a subsequent proxy through the internet or over the telephone.

•You may send a timely written notice that you are revoking your proxy to the attention of the Secretary of Travere Therapeutics, Inc. at 3611 Valley Centre Drive, Suite 300, San Diego, California 92130.

•You may attend the virtual Annual Meeting and vote during the meeting. Simply attending the meeting will not, by itself, revoke your proxy.

Your most current proxy card is the one that is counted.

Beneficial Owner: Shares Registered in the Name of Broker or Bank

If your shares are held by your broker or bank as a nominee or agent, you should follow the instructions provided by your broker or bank.

When are stockholder proposals and director nominations due for next year’s annual meeting?

To be considered for inclusion in next year’s proxy materials, your proposal must be submitted in writing by December 17, 2021 to the attention of the Secretary of Travere Therapeutics, Inc. at 3611 Valley Centre Drive, Suite 300, San Diego, California 92130.

If you wish to submit a proposal (including a director nomination) at the 2022 meeting that is not to be included in the 2022 proxy materials, your written request must be received by the Secretary of Travere between January 14, 2022 and February 13, 2022. You are also advised to review the Company’s amended and restated bylaws, which contain additional requirements about advance notice of stockholder proposals and director nominations.

How are votes counted?

Votes will be counted by the inspector of election appointed for the meeting, who will separately count, for the proposal to elect directors, votes “For,” “Withhold” and broker non-votes, and, with respect to the other proposals, votes “For” and “Against,” abstentions and, if applicable, broker non-votes. Abstentions will be counted towards the vote total for Proposals 2, 3, 4 and 5 and will have the same effect as “Against” votes.

What are “broker non-votes”?

As discussed above, when a beneficial owner of shares held in “street name” does not give instructions to the broker or nominee holding the shares as to how to vote on matters deemed by the NYSE to be “non-routine,” the broker or nominee cannot vote the shares. These unvoted shares are counted as “broker non-votes.”

How many votes are needed to approve each proposal?

•For Proposal 1, the election of directors, the ten nominees receiving the most “For” votes from the holders of shares present in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy and entitled to vote on the election of directors will be elected. Only votes “For” or “Withhold” will affect the outcome. Broker non-votes will have no effect.

•To be approved, Proposal 2 approving the amendment to the Company's Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, to increase the authorized number of shares of common stock from 100,000,000 to 200,000,000, requires a “For” vote from the holders of a majority of outstanding shares of common stock. If you mark your proxy to “Abstain” from voting, it will have the same effect as an “Against” vote.

•To be approved, Proposal 3 approving the Company's 2018 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended, to, among other items, increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance thereunder by 3,200,000 shares, requires a “For” vote from the holders of a majority of the shares present in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy and entitled to vote on the matter. If you mark your proxy to “Abstain” from voting, it will have the same effect as an “Against” vote. Broker non-votes will have no effect.

•Proposal 4, advisory approval of the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers, will be considered to be approved if it receives “For” votes from the holders of a majority of shares present in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy and entitled to vote on the matter. If you “Abstain” from voting, it will have the same effect as an “Against” vote. Broker non-votes will have no effect.

•To be approved, Proposal 5 ratifying the selection by the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of BDO USA, LLP as the independent registered public accounting firm of the Company for its fiscal year ending December 31, 2021 must receive “For” votes from the holders of a majority of shares present in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy and entitled to vote on the matter. If you mark your proxy to “Abstain” from voting, it will have the same effect as an “Against” vote.

What is the quorum requirement?

A quorum of stockholders is necessary to hold a valid meeting. A quorum will be present if stockholders holding at least a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote are present by virtual attendance at the meeting or represented by proxy. On the record date, there were 60,435,730 shares outstanding and entitled to vote. Thus, the holders of 30,217,865 shares must be present or represented by proxy at the meeting to have a quorum.

Your shares will be counted towards the quorum only if you submit a valid proxy (or one is submitted on your behalf by your broker, bank or other nominee) or if you vote during the virtual annual meeting. Abstentions and broker non-votes will be counted towards the quorum requirement. If there is no quorum, the holders of a majority of shares present during the meeting in person or represented by proxy may adjourn the meeting to another date.

How can I find out the results of the voting at the Annual Meeting?

Preliminary voting results will be announced at the Annual Meeting. In addition, final voting results will be published in a current report on Form 8-K that we expect to file within four business days after the Annual Meeting. If final voting results are not available to us in time to file a Form 8-K within four business days after the meeting, we intend to file a Form 8-K to publish preliminary results and, within four business days after the final results are known to us, file an additional Form 8-K to publish the final results.

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF

CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

The following table sets forth certain information regarding the ownership of the Company’s common stock as of March 1, 2021 by: (i) each director and director nominee, (ii) each named executive officer, (iii) each person known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of all outstanding shares of our common stock, and (iv) all executive officers and directors of the Company as a group. The table is based upon information supplied by our executive officers and directors and a review of Schedules 13D and 13G filed with the SEC. Unless otherwise indicated in the footnotes to the table and subject to community property laws where applicable, we believe that each of the stockholders named in the table has sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares indicated as beneficially owned.

Applicable percentages are based on 60,299,056 shares outstanding on March 1, 2021, adjusted as required by rules promulgated by the SEC. These rules generally attribute beneficial ownership of securities to persons who possess sole or shared voting power or investment power with respect to those securities. In addition, the rules include shares of common stock issuable pursuant to the exercise of stock options, warrants or other convertible securities that are either immediately exercisable or exercisable on or before April 30, 2021, which is 60 days after March 1, 2021. These shares are deemed to be outstanding and beneficially owned by the person holding those securities for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of that person, but they are not treated as outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person. Unless otherwise stated below, the address for each person or entity listed in the table is c/o Travere Therapeutics, Inc., 3611 Valley Centre Drive, Suite 300, San Diego, California 92130.


5% or greater stockholders		Number of shares beneficially owed	Percentage of shares beneficially owned
BlackRock, Inc.	(1)	4,825,174	8.00%
RA Capital Management, L.P.	(2)	4,557,867	7.56%
Janus Henderson Group plc	(3)	4,083,553	6.77%
Perceptive Advisors LLC	(4)	3,493,607	5.79%
Vanguard Group Inc	(5)	3,404,443	5.65%

Directors and named executive officers
Eric Dube	(6)	367,053	*
Laura Clague	(7)	348,576	*
Elizabeth Reed	(8)	124,933	*
Noah Rosenberg	(9)	96,134	*
William Rote	(10)	130,122	*
Stephen Aselage	(11)	1,036,291	1.70%
Roy Baynes	(12)	55,000	*
Suzanne Bruhn	(13)	6,948	*
Tim Coughlin	(14)	105,000	*
Gary Lyons	(15)	115,000	*
Jeffrey Meckler	(16)	145,000	*
John Orwin	(17)	44,375	*
Sandra Poole	(18)	10,086	*
Ron Squarer	(19)	44,375	*
All current executive officers and directors as a group (15 persons)		2,694,924	4.31%

_______________________


*			Represents beneficial ownership of less than one percent.
(1)			Blackrock, Inc. has sole voting power as to 4,664,570 of these shares, and sole dispositive power with respect to 4,825,174 shares. The funds were acquired by the following subsidiaries of BlackRock Inc., BlackRock Life Limited, BlackRock Advisors, LLC, BlackRock Capital Management, Inc., BlackRock (Netherlands) B.V., BlackRock Institutional Trust Company, National Association, BlackRock Asset Management Ireland Limited, BlackRock Financial Management, Inc., BlackRock Japan Co., Ltd., BlackRock Asset Management Schweiz AG, BlackRock Investment Management, LLC, BlackRock Investment Management (UK) Limited, BlackRock Asset Management Canada Limited, BlackRock (Luxembourg) S.A., BlackRock Investment Management (Australia) Limited, BlackRock Fund Advisors, and BlackRock Fund Managers Ltd. The address for Blackrock, Inc. is 55 East 52nd Street, New York, NY 10055. This information is based on its most recently filed Schedule 13G/A.


(2)			The Common Stock reported herein includes 4,106,758 shares held by RA Capital Healthcare Fund, L.P. (the “Fund”) and 451,109 shares held in a separately managed account (the “Account”). RA Capital Healthcare Fund GP, LLC is the general partner of the Fund. The general partner of RA Capital is RA Capital Management GP, LLC, of which Dr. Peter Kolchinsky and Mr. Rajeey Shah are the controlling persons. RA Capital serves as investment adviser for the Fund and the Account and may be deemed a beneficial owner, for purposes of Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Act”), of any securities of the Company held by the Fund and the Account. The Fund has delegated to RA Capital the sole power to vote and the sole power to dispose of all securities held in the Fund’s portfolio, including the shares of the Company’s Common Stock reported herein. Because the Fund has divested voting and investment power over the reported securities it holds and may not revoke that delegation on less than 61 days’ notice, the Fund disclaims beneficial ownership of the securities it holds for purposes of Section 13(d) of the Act and therefore disclaim any obligation to report ownership of the reported securities under Section 13(d) of the Act. As managers of RA Capital, Dr. Kolchinsky and Mr. Shah may be deemed beneficial owners, for purposes of Section 13(d) of the Act, of any securities of the Company beneficially owned by RA Capital. RA Capital, Dr. Kolchinsky, and Mr. Shah disclaim beneficial ownership of the securities reported in the most recently filed Schedule 13G/A Statement (the “Statement”) other than for the purpose of determining their obligations under Section 13(d) of the Act, and the filing of the Statement shall not be deemed an admission that either RA Capital, Dr. Kolchinsky, or Mr. Shah is the beneficial owner of such securities for any other purpose. The address for RA Capital Management, L.P., Peter Kolchnisky and Rajeev Shah is 200 Berkeley Street, 18th Floor, Boston, MA 02116. This information is based on its most recently filed Schedule 13G/A.
(3)			The Common Stock reported herein includes 4,083,553 shares held by Janus Henderson Group, plc. ("Janus Henderson"). Janus Henderson has an indirect 97% ownership stake in Intech Investment Management LLC ("Intech") and a 100% ownership stake in Janus Capital Management LLC ("JCM"), Perkins Investment Management LLC ("Perkins"), Henderson Global Investors Limited ("HGIL") and Janus Henderson Investors Australia Institutional Funds Management Limited ("JHIAIFML"), (each an "Asset Manager" and collectively the "Asset Managers"). Due to the above ownership structure, holdings for the Asset Managers are aggregated for purposes of this filing. Each Asset Manager is an investment adviser registered or authorized in its relevant jurisdiction and each furnishing investment advice to various fund, individual and/or institutional clients (collectively referred to herein as "Managed Portfolios"). As a result of its role as investment adviser or sub-adviser to the Managed Portfolios, JCM may be deemed to be the beneficial owner of 4,083,553 shares of the Company's Common Stock held by such Managed Portfolios. The address for JCM is 201 Bishopsgate, EC2M 3AE, United Kingdom. This information is based on its most recently filed Schedule 13G.
(4)			Perceptive Life Sciences Mater Fund, LTD. (the “Master Fund”) directly holds 3,493,607 shares of Common Stock. Perceptive Advisors LLC serves as the investment manager to the Master Fund and may be deemed to beneficially own the securities directly held by the Master Fund. Mr. Joseph Edelman is the managing member of Perceptive Advisors and may be deemed to beneficially own the securities directly held by the Master Fund. Neither Perceptive Advisors LLC nor Mr. Edelman directly holds any shares of Common Stock. The address for Perceptive Advisors LLC, Perceptive Life Sciences Master Fund, LTD. and Joseph Edelman is 51 Astor place, 10th Floor, New York, NY 10003. This information is based on its most recently filed Schedule 13G/A.
(5)			The Vanguard Group has shared voting power as to 108,734 of these shares, sole dispositive power with respect to 3,260,780 shares and shared dispositive power as to 143,663 shares. The funds were acquired by the following subsidiaries of the Vanguard Group, Vanguard Asset Management, Limited, Vanguard Fiduciary Trust Company, Vanguard Global Advisors, LLC, Vanguard Group (Ireland) Limited, Vanguard Investments Australia Ltd, Vanguard Investments Canada Inc., Vanguard Investments Hong Kong Limited, and Vanguard Investments UK, Limited. The address for The Vanguard Group is 100 Vanguard Blvd, Malvern, PA 19355. This information is based on its most recently filed Schedule 13G.
(6)			Includes 318,750 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options which have vested or will vest within 60 days of March 1, 2021.
(7)			Includes 347,603 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options which have vested or will vest within 60 days of March 1, 2021.
(8)			Includes 116,978 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options which have vested or will vest within 60 days of March 1, 2021.
(9)			Includes 81,040 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options which have vested or will vest within 60 days of March 1, 2021.
(10)			Includes 124,790 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options which have vested or will vest within 60 days of March 1, 2021.
(11)			Includes 854,874 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options which have vested or will vest within 60 days of March 1, 2021.
(12)			Includes 44,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options which have vested or will vest within 60 days of March 1, 2021.
(13)			Includes 5,198 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options and 1,750 restricted stock units which have vested or will vest within 60 days of March 1, 2021.
(14)			Includes 76,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options which have vested or will vest within 60 days of March 1, 2021.
(15)			Includes 84,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options which have vested or will vest within 60 days of March 1, 2021.
(16)			Includes 84,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options which have vested or will vest within 60 days of March 1, 2021.
(17)			Includes 35,500 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options which have vested or will vest within 60 days of March 1, 2021.
(18)			Includes 8,919 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options which have vested or will vest within 60 days of March 1, 2021.
(19)			Includes 35,500 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options which have vested or will vest within 60 days of March 1, 2021.

PROPOSAL 1

ELECTION OF DIRECTORS

The Board of Directors is currently comprised of ten directors (Stephen Aselage, Roy Baynes, Suzanne Bruhn, Timothy Coughlin, Eric Dube, Gary Lyons, Jeffrey Meckler, John A. Orwin, Sandra Poole and Ron Squarer). With the exception of Eric Dube who is our President and Chief Executive Officer and Stephen Aselage who was our previous President and Chief Executive Officer, all current members of the Board of Directors meet the definition of “independent director” under the Nasdaq qualification standards.

After each annual election, each director will then serve a term of one year (or, in each case, until their earlier resignation, removal from office, or death) and until a successor is duly elected and qualified. Officers of the Company serve at the discretion of the Board of Directors. There are no family relationships among the Company’s directors and executive officers.

Vote Required

The ten nominees receiving the highest number of affirmative votes of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the Annual Meeting and entitled to vote on the election of directors will be elected to the Board of Directors. However, it is the Company's policy that any nominee for director in an uncontested election who does not receive a majority of the votes cast (i.e. receives a greater number of votes "withheld" from or "against" his or her election than votes "for" in such election) shall submit his or her offer of resignation for consideration by the Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee. The Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee shall consider all of the relevant facts and circumstances and recommend to the Board the action to be taken with respect to such offer of resignation. The Board will then act on the Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee’s recommendation. Promptly following the Board’s decision, the Company will disclose that decision and an explanation of such decision in a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission and a press release.

Votes withheld from any director are counted for purposes of determining the presence or absence of a quorum, but have no other legal effect under Delaware law.

Unless otherwise instructed, the proxy holders will vote the proxies received by them for the Company’s nominees named below. If any of the Company’s nominees is unable or declines to serve as a director at the time of the Annual Meeting, the proxies will be voted for any nominee who is designated by the present Board of Directors to fill the vacancy. It is not expected that any of the Company’s nominees will be unable or will decline to serve as a director.

The Board of Directors unanimously recommends that stockholders vote “For” each of the nominees named below.

Nominees for Election at the Annual Meeting

The following is a brief biography of each nominee for director. The brief biographies below include information, as of the date of this proxy statement, regarding the specific and particular experience, qualifications, attributes or skills of each nominee that led the Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee to recommend that person as a nominee. However, each of the members of the Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee may have a variety of reasons why he believes a particular person would be an appropriate nominee for the Board of Directors, and these views may differ from the views of other members.

All of the nominees are currently directors of the Company and all of the nominees were previously elected to the Board of Directors by the Company’s stockholders.

Stephen Aselage has served as a director of the Company since October 2012, and served as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company from November 2014 to January 2019. Mr. Aselage served as President and Chief Operations Officer of the Company from May 2014 and then as Interim Chief Executive Officer until November 2014. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Aselage served as the Executive Vice President and Chief Business Officer at BioMarin, a biotechnology company, from December 2009 through September 2012 and from July 2005 to December 2009, Mr. Aselage served as BioMarin’s Senior Vice President of Global Commercial Development. From February 2004 to June 2005, Mr. Aselage served as Executive Vice President of Global Commercial Operations at Cell Therapeutics, a biotechnology company focused on cancer therapeutics. From September 2003 to January 2004, Mr. Aselage worked briefly for Genzyme Corporation, a biotechnology company, assisting in the transition following Genzyme’s acquisition of Sangstat Medical Corporation where he had worked since February 1999. While at Sangstat, Mr. Aselage restructured the company’s sales, marketing and medical affairs groups. From 1996 through 1999, Mr. Aselage served as Director of Sales and Marketing at Advanced Tissue Sciences, a biotechnology company. Earlier in his career, Mr. Aselage held a variety of sales and sales management positions at biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies including Rhone-Poulenc Rorer Pharmaceuticals (now Sanofi-Aventis), Genentech, Inc., and Bristol Laboratories, a biopharmaceutical company. Mr. Aselage currently serves as Chairman of the Board of ACER Therapeutics Inc. and serves on the Board of Directors of Biocryst Pharmaceuticals. Previously, Mr. Aselage served on the Board of Directors of the National PKU Alliance. Mr. Aselage holds a B.S. in biology from the University of Notre Dame.

Mr. Aselage was selected as a director because of his pharmaceutical business experience, including commercialization expertise, leadership experience and depth of understanding of the Company's business.

Roy D. Baynes, M.D., Ph.D., has served as a director of the Company since June 2016. He has served as Senior Vice President and Head of Global Clinical Development at Merck Research Laboratories, the research division of Merck and Co., Inc., since December 2013 and as Chief Medical Officer of Merck and Co, Inc., a global healthcare company, since July 2016. Prior to his roles at Merck, Dr. Baynes served as Senior Vice President of Oncology, Inflammation and Respiratory Therapeutics at Gilead Sciences, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, from January 2012 to December 2013. Prior to Gilead, Dr. Baynes held positions of increasing responsibility at Amgen Inc., a biotechnology company, from August 2002 to January 2012, most recently as Vice President of Global Clinical Development and Therapeutic Area Head for Hematology/Oncology. Before joining Amgen, Dr. Baynes was the Charles Martin Professor of Cancer Research at the Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, a National Cancer Institute-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, at Wayne State University. Dr. Baynes has authored more than 150 publications and is a member or fellow of several international medical societies. Dr. Baynes is on the Board of Directors of Natera, Inc., a genetic testing and diagnostics company and Atara Biotherapeutics, Inc., a T-cell immunotherapy company. Dr. Baynes received his medical degree and doctorate in philosophy from the University of the Witwatersrand in South Africa, and completed his medical training in the Department of Hematology and Oncology at Johannesburg Hospital.

Dr. Baynes was selected as a director because of his life sciences and medical expertise and his extensive drug development experience.

Suzanne Bruhn, Ph.D., has served as a director of the Company since April 2020. Since May 2019, Dr. Bruhn has served as the President and Chief Executive Officer of Tiaki Therapeutics Inc., a biotechnology company. Dr. Bruhn served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Proclara Biosciences, Inc., a biotechnology company, from April 2017 to September 2018, and as President and Chief Executive Officer of Promedior, Inc., a biotechnology company, from May 2012 to November 2015. Currently, Dr. Bruhn serves on the Board of Directors of Pliant Therapeutics, Inc., a clinical stage biotechnology company, and on the Board of Directors of Cerecor, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company focused on the development of therapies within the fields of rare pediatric and orphan diseases. Previously, Dr. Bruhn served as a member of the Board of Directors of Raptor Pharmaceuticals Corp., a pharmaceutical company, from April 2011 until it was acquired by Horizon Pharma plc in October 2016, as a member of the Board of Directors of Novelion Therapeutics, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, from October 2017 to January 2020, and served as a member of the Board of Directors of Aeglea BioTherapeutics, Inc., a clinical stage biotechnology company, from February 2017 to August 2020. From 1998 to 2012, Dr. Bruhn served in roles of increasing responsibility at Shire Human Genetic Therapies (formerly Transkaryotic Therapies), most recently as Senior Vice President, Strategic Planning and Program Management. Dr. Bruhn received her B.S. degree in Chemistry from Iowa State University and her Ph.D. in Chemistry from Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Dr. Bruhn was selected as a director because of her extensive global experience in the biopharmaceutical industry and her development and regulatory expertise in the area of rare disease.

Tim Coughlin has served as a director of the Company since March 2015. Mr. Coughlin is the former Chief Financial Officer of Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. ("Neurocrine"), a biopharmaceutical company that has received FDA approval for INGREZZA® (valbenazine) and ORILISSA® (elagolix), both of which were discovered and developed during his tenure at Neurocrine from 2002 to 2018. Mr. Coughlin serves on the board of directors of Fate Therapeutics, Inc., and Tyr Pharma, Inc., both biotechnology companies, and also served on the board of directors of Peloton Therapeutics, Inc. prior to its sale to Merck in 2019. Prior to joining Neurocrine, he was with Catholic Health Initiatives, a nationwide integrated healthcare delivery system, where he served as Vice President, Financial Services. Mr. Coughlin also served as a Senior Manager in the Health Sciences practice of Ernst & Young LLP and its predecessors from 1989 to 1999. Mr. Coughlin holds a master's degree in international business from San Diego State University and a bachelor’s degree in accounting from Temple University. Mr. Coughlin is a certified public accountant in both California and Pennsylvania.

Mr. Coughlin, was selected as a director because of his financial and audit experience as well as his pharmaceutical and life sciences public company experience.

Eric Dube, Ph.D. has served as our President and Chief Executive Officer and a member of our board of directors since January 2019. Prior to his employment with the Company, Dr. Dube served as the Head, North America of Viiv Healthcare Limited, a pharmaceuticals company, since January 2018. From June 2015 to December 2017, Dr. Dube served as Sr. Vice President and Head, Global Respiratory Franchise of GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals plc (“GSK”), a pharmaceutical company. From February 2013 to May 2015, Dr. Dube served as Senior Vice President and Business Unit Head, Respiratory Japan of GSK. Prior to that, Dr. Dube held senior leadership roles at GSK in Strategy, Planning & Operations, Oncology, Managed Markets and Marketing, and earlier in his career held other positions of increasing responsibility at GSK. Dr. Dube currently serves on the Board of Trustees for AIDS United, and on the Board of Directors for the Biotechnology Innovation Organization (BIO), for Biocom California, and for Reneo Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a clinical stage pharmaceutical company focused on the development and commercialization of therapies for patients with rare genetic mitochondrial diseases. Dr. Dube holds a B.S. from Santa Clara University and a M.A. and Ph.D. from Cornell University.

Dr. Dube was selected as a director because of his business and professional experience and extensive drug development and commercialization experience.

Gary Lyons has served as a director of the Company since October 2014 and Chairman of the Company since May 2016. Previously, Mr. Lyons was the founding President and Chief Executive Officer of Neurocrine Biosciences from 1993 to 2008 and remains a member of its Board of Directors. Prior to joining Neurocrine, Mr. Lyons held a number of senior management positions at Genentech, Inc., including Vice President of Business Development and Vice President of Sales. Mr. Lyons currently serves as the Chairman of the Board of Directors for: Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a biotechnology company focused on developing drugs for the treatment of inflammatory/autoimmune and metabolic diseases; Eledon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (formerly Novus Therapeutics, Inc.), a company focused on therapeutics for immune disorders; and Brickell Biotech, Inc., a clinical-stage pharmaceutical company focused on developing prescription therapeutics for the treatment of skin diseases. Mr. Lyons

is also a Senior Advisor for HealthCare Royalty Partners. Mr. Lyons was previously a director of Cytori Therapeutics and Vical Incorporated. Mr. Lyons holds a B.A. in Marine Biology from the University of New Hampshire and an M.B.A. from Northwestern University’s J.L. Kellogg Graduate School of Management.

Mr. Lyons was selected as a director because of his extensive experience in the pharmaceutical industry and his breadth and range of experience in operations, corporate leadership, strategy and commercialization.

Jeffrey Meckler has served as a director of the Company since October 2014. Since April 2017, Mr. Meckler has served as Chief Executive Officer and Vice Chairman of the Board of Intec Pharma, Ltd., a pharmaceutical company. He served as Chief Executive Officer and a director of CoCrystal Pharma, Inc., a pharmaceutical company, from April 2015 to July 2016, as a director of QLT, Inc., an ultra-orphan opthalmic biotechnology company based in Canada, from June 2012 to November 2016, as well as the Managing Director of The Andra Group, a life sciences consulting firm. From January 2011 to September 2012, Mr. Meckler acted as a director and Interim Chief Executive Officer of Cypress Bioscience Inc. after its acquisition by Royalty Pharma. He has also served as a director of ClearFarma USA, Kyalin Bioscience and Alveolus Inc. Earlier in his career, Mr. Meckler held a series of positions at Pfizer Inc. in Manufacturing Systems, Market Research, Business Development, Strategic Planning and Corporate Finance, which included playing a significant role in acquisitions and divestitures. Mr. Meckler is the past President and continues to serve on the board of Children of Bellevue, a non-profit organization focused on advocating and developing pediatric programs at Bellevue Hospital Center. Mr. Meckler holds a B.S. in Industrial Management and M.S. in Industrial Administration from Carnegie Mellon University. In addition, Mr. Meckler received a J.D. from Fordham University School of Law.

Mr. Meckler was selected as a director because he has over 20 years in the life sciences sector including business development, strategic planning and corporate finance.

John A. Orwin has served as a director of the Company since March 2017. Since April 2018, Mr. Orwin has served as the President and Chief Executive Officer of Atreca, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company. From June 2013 through June 2017, Mr. Orwin served as Chief Executive Officer of Relypsa, Inc. and from June 2013 through March 2017 also served as President of Relypsa and served on its board of directors from June 2013 until Relypsa’s acquisition by the Galenica Group in September 2016. Prior to Relypsa, Mr. Orwin served as President and Chief Operating Officer of Affymax, Inc., a biotechnology company, from April 2010 to January 2011, and as Affymax’s Chief Executive Officer and a member of the board of directors from February 2011 to May 2013. From 2005 to April 2010, Mr. Orwin served as Vice President and then Senior Vice President of the BioOncology Business Unit at Genentech, Inc. (now a member of the Roche Group), a biotechnology company. From 2001 to 2005, Mr. Orwin served in various executive-level positions at Johnson & Johnson, a life sciences company. Prior to such roles, Mr. Orwin held senior marketing and sales positions at various life sciences and pharmaceutical companies, including Alza Corporation (acquired by Johnson & Johnson), Sangstat Medical Corporation (acquired by Genzyme), Rhone-Poulenc Rorer Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (merged with Sanofi-Aventis) and Schering-Plough Corporation (merged with Merck). Mr. Orwin currently serves as a member of the board of directors of Seagen Inc., a biotechnology company, and in addition to previously serving as a member of the board of directors of Relypsa and Affymax, served on the board of directors of NeurogesX, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, from November 2009 until July 2013, and on the board of directors of Array BioPharma Inc. from November 2012 until its acquisition by Pfizer in July of 2019. Mr. Orwin received a B.A. in Economics from Rutgers University and an M.B.A. from New York University.

Mr. Orwin was selected as a director because of his extensive commercial and strategic business experience within the life sciences industry.

Sandra Poole has served as a director of the Company since May 2019. Since July 2020, Ms. Poole has served as the Chief Operating Officer of Mythic Therapeutics, an early-stage biotechnology company focused on the development of novel antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) for cancer therapy. Prior to Mythic, Ms. Poole served as the Chief Operating Officer of LogicBio Therapeutics, Inc., a genome editing company from April 2018 to March 2019, and of Candel Therapeutics, a biotechnology company, from January 2020 to March 2020. Prior to LogicBio, Ms. Poole held executive roles of increasing responsibility at ImmunoGen, Inc., a company developing antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) to treat cancer, including serving as Senior Vice President of Technical Operations from September 2014 to July 2015, Executive Vice President, Technical Operations from July 2015 to October 2016 and Executive Vice President, Technical Operations and Commercial Development from October 2016 to January 2017. From February 2017 to March 2018 Ms. Poole served as managing director of S.E.P. Life Sciences Consulting LLL (formerly S. Poole Consulting LLC), a biopharmaceutical consulting company. Before joining ImmunoGen, Ms. Poole spent more than 15 years in global operations, manufacturing and development leadership positions at Genzyme (now Sanofi Genzyme). Ms. Poole currently serves on the Board of Directors of ViaCyte, a regenerative medicine company focused on the development of novel cell replacement therapies to treat human diseases. Previously, Ms. Poole served on the Supervisory Board for Valneva, SE a France based vaccine company. Ms. Poole holds an M.A.Sc. and a B.A.Sc. in chemical engineering from the University of Waterloo (Canada).

Ms. Poole was selected as a director because of her extensive manufacturing strategy, technical operations, and product development experience across multiple therapeutic areas in the biopharmaceutical industry.

Ron Squarer has served as a director of the Company since April 2017. Since March 2020, Mr. Squarer has served as Chairman of the Board of Directors and as an advisor to ADC Therapeutics SA, a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company, and since December 2019, has served for the Board of Directors of Deciphera Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company. Mr. Squarer has extensive commercial, development and executive leadership expertise from a greater than 25-year career in the pharmaceutical industry. Previously, Mr. Squarer served as the Chief Executive Officer and a member of the Board of Directors of Array BioPharma, Inc., an oncology focused biopharmaceutical company from April 2012 to July 2019, when Array BioPharma, Inc. was acquired by Pfizer, Inc. at a total enterprise value of approximately $11.4 billion. Prior to this, Mr. Squarer held positions of increasing responsibility with Hospira Inc., a global pharmaceutical and medical device company, most recently serving as Senior Vice President, Chief Commercial Officer, where he was responsible for delivering $4 billion in annual revenue and leading more than 2,000 employees worldwide. Mr. Squarer joined Hospira from Mayne Pharma, an oncology-focused, global pharmaceutical company, where he

served as Senior Vice President, Global Corporate and Business Development when Mayne was sold to Hospira for $2 billion in 2007. Prior to Mayne Pharma, Mr. Squarer held senior management roles at both Pfizer, Inc., focused on global oncology commercial development, and at SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals (now GlaxoSmithKline) in the U.S. and Europe. Mr. Squarer holds an MBA from the Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University and a bachelor’s degree in biochemistry from the University of California, Berkeley.

Mr. Squarer was selected as a director because of his extensive commercial, development and executive leadership expertise in the pharmaceutical industry.

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS

A VOTE FOR EACH NAMED NOMINEE

INFORMATION REGARDING THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Independence of the Board of Directors

As required under the Nasdaq listing standards, a majority of the members of a listed company’s Board of Directors must qualify as “independent,” as affirmatively determined by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors consults with the Company’s counsel to ensure that the determinations of the Board of Directors are consistent with relevant securities and other laws and regulations regarding the definition of “independent,” including those set forth in pertinent Nasdaq listing standards, as in effect from time to time. Consistent with these considerations, after review of all relevant identified transactions or relationships between each director, or any of his family members, and the Company, its senior management and its independent auditors, the Board of Directors has affirmatively determined that the following eight directors are independent directors within the meaning of the applicable Nasdaq listing standards: Dr. Baynes, Dr. Bruhn, Mr. Coughlin, Mr. Lyons, Mr. Meckler, Mr. Orwin, Ms. Poole and Mr. Squarer. In making this determination, the Board of Directors found that none of these directors had a material or other disqualifying relationship with the Company. Following our Annual Meeting, assuming the election of our ten nominees for director named in these proxy materials, we will have eight independent directors and two non-independent directors, Dr. Dube, who serves as our President and Chief Executive Officer, and Mr. Aselage, who previously served as our President and Chief Executive Officer.

Board Leadership Structure

It is the Company’s policy to separate the roles of Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board. This separation recognizes the independent roles of the Board of Directors, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer. The Board of Directors sets Company strategy and provides oversight and accountability for the Chief Executive Officer and Company management. The Chairman of the Board presides over the Board of Directors and provides guidance to the Chief Executive Officer. The Chief Executive Officer and the balance of the Board of Directors set Company goals with the Chief Executive Officer providing leadership and day to day oversight in furtherance of those goals. The Company believes that separation of the Board of Directors and Company leadership preserves the independence of these roles and maximizes performance.

Role of the Board in Risk Oversight

Our Board of Directors believes that risk management is an important part of establishing, updating and executing on the Company’s business strategy. Our Board of Directors, as a whole and at the committee level, has oversight responsibility relating to risks that could affect the corporate strategy, business objectives, compliance, operations, and the financial condition and performance of the Company. Our Board of Directors focuses its oversight on the most significant risks facing the Company and on its processes to identify, prioritize, assess, manage and mitigate those risks. Our Board of Directors and its committees regularly discuss with management the areas of significant risk exposure and the steps management has taken to monitor and control such exposures, as well as the identification of potential emerging risks , which, in the last year have included risks related to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, among others.

While the Board of Directors has ultimate oversight responsibility for the risk management process, it has delegated portions of this responsibility to its committees. The Audit Committee, as part of its responsibilities, oversees the management of financial risks, including accounting matters, liquidity and credit risks, corporate tax positions, insurance coverage, and cash investment strategy and results. The Audit Committee is also responsible for overseeing the management of risks relating to the performance of the Company’s internal audit function, if required, and its independent registered public accounting firm, as well as our systems of internal controls and disclosure controls and procedures, and also takes the lead on overseeing cybersecurity risk on behalf of the Board. The Compensation Committee is responsible for overseeing the management of risks relating to our executive compensation and overall compensation and benefit strategies, plans, arrangements, practices and policies. The Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee oversees the management of risks associated with our corporate governance practices, and the independence and composition of our Board of Directors. The Science and Medical Technology Committee reviews the risks associated with our research and development activities, including clinical and regulatory risks. These committees provide regular reports, on at least a quarterly basis, to the full Board of Directors. The participation of the full Board of Directors in setting the Company’s business strategy incorporates assessment and oversight of strategic risks for the Company as a whole.

Board Self-Assessment

The Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee ensures that the Board and each of its committees are annually assessed with an aim toward enhancing effectiveness. Directors complete an evaluation in order to provide performance feedback and suggestions for improved effectiveness or contributions. The assessments are done by way of a questionnaire conducted by our external legal counsel, Cooley LLP. The assessments are treated on a confidential basis, with the results tallied on an anonymous basis for review. The results of the evaluation are analyzed by our General Counsel, the Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee and the Board, who decide whether any changes are needed to the Board’s processes, procedures, composition or Committee structure. The evaluation carried out in 2020 indicated that the Board and its committees were effectively fulfilling their responsibilities.

Board Education

The Board recognizes the importance of ongoing director education. In order to facilitate directors’ educational development, the members of the Board of Directors regularly meet with management and are given periodic presentations on our business and recent business developments. Members of the Board of Directors also periodically meet with other senior decision-makers within the Company as well as outside experts in order to enhance the Board’s understanding of our business and operations. Periodically, the Board of Directors are presented external research and trends

in corporate governance. In addition, on an annual basis our Board holds a strategic off-site with members of our management team in conjunction with the quarterly board meeting. The Company also encourages and provides funding for members of the Board of Directors to attend outside director continuing education events.

Meetings of the Board of Directors

Our Board of Directors met eight times during 2020. All directors who served in 2020 attended at least 75% of the aggregate number of meetings of the Board of Directors and of the committees on which they served, in each case that were held during the portion of the last fiscal year for which they were directors or committee members, respectively.

Information Regarding Committees of the Board of Directors

The standing committees of our Board of Directors consist of the Audit Committee, the Compensation Committee, the Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee and the Science and Medical Technology Committee. The composition and responsibilities of each committee are described below. Members serve on these committees until their resignation or until otherwise determined by our Board of Directors. Our Board of Directors may also establish from time to time any other committees that it deems necessary or advisable. The following table provides membership information for each of the Board committees:

Name

Age

Current Position(s)

Independent

Director

Since

Committee

Audit

Compensation

Nominating /

Corporate

Governance

Science & Medical Technology

Stephen Aselage

Director

2012

Roy Baynes

Director

2016

Chairman

Suzanne Bruhn

Director

2020

Timothy Coughlin

Director

2015

Chairman

Eric Dube

Chief Executive Officer and Director

2019

Gary Lyons

Director*

2014

Jeffrey Meckler

Director

2014

Chairman

John A. Orwin

Director

2017

Chairman

Sandra Poole

Director

2019

Ron Squarer

Director

2017

* Chairman of the Board of Directors

Below is a description of each committee of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors has determined that, except as specifically described below, each member of each committee meets the applicable Nasdaq rules and regulations regarding “independence” and that each member is free of any relationship that would impair his or her individual exercise of independent judgment with regard to the Company.

Audit Committee

The Audit Committee is responsible for assisting our Board of Directors in its oversight of the integrity of our financial statements, the qualifications and independence of our independent auditors, and our internal financial and accounting controls. The Audit Committee has direct responsibility for the appointment, compensation, retention (including termination) and oversight of our independent auditors, and our independent auditors report directly to the Audit Committee.

The members of the Audit Committee currently are Messrs. Coughlin, Meckler and Squarer. Mr. Coughlin has served as chair of the Audit Committee since April 2015. All members of the Audit Committee qualify as an independent director under the corporate governance standards of the Nasdaq Listing Rules and the independence requirements of Rule 10A-3 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Our Board of Directors has determined that all three Audit Committee members qualify as “audit committee financial experts” as such term is currently defined in Item 407(d)(5) of Regulation S-K.

The Audit Committee has adopted a formal, written Audit Committee charter that complies with Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) rules and regulations and the Nasdaq listing standards. We believe that the composition and functioning of our Audit Committee complies with all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and all applicable SEC and Nasdaq rules and regulations. The Audit Committee met four times during 2020. A copy of the Audit Committee charter is available on the investors section of our website at www.travere.com. The information on our website is not incorporated by reference into this Proxy Statement or our Annual Report for fiscal 2020.

Report of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors*

The Audit Committee has reviewed and discussed the audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 with management of the Company. The Audit Committee has discussed with the independent registered public accounting firm the matters required to be discussed by Auditing Standard No. 1301, Communications with Audit Committees, as adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”). The Audit Committee has also received the written disclosures and the letter from the independent registered public accounting firm

required by applicable requirements of the PCAOB regarding the independent accountants’ communications with the Audit Committee concerning independence, and has discussed with the independent registered public accounting firm the accounting firm’s independence. Based on the foregoing, the Audit Committee has recommended to the Board of Directors that the audited financial statements be included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.


						Mr. Coughlin
						Mr. Meckler
						Mr. Squarer


*			The material in this report is not “soliciting material,” is not deemed “filed” with the SEC and is not to be incorporated by reference in any filing of the Company under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, whether made before or after the date hereof and irrespective of any general incorporation language in any such filing.

Compensation Committee

The Compensation Committee approves the compensation objectives for the Company, approves the compensation of the chief executive officer, to be ratified by the independent directors, and approves or recommends to our Board of Directors for approval the compensation for other executives. The Compensation Committee reviews all compensation components, including base salary, bonus, benefits and other perquisites.

The members of the Compensation Committee currently are Messrs. Coughlin, Lyons and Orwin. Mr. Orwin serves as chair of the Compensation Committee. Each member of the Compensation Committee is a non-employee director within the meaning of Rule 16b-3 of the rules promulgated under the Exchange Act, and each is an independent director as defined by the Nasdaq Listing Rules, including Nasdaq Listing 5605(d)(2).

The Compensation Committee has adopted a formal, written Compensation Committee charter that complies with SEC rules and regulations and the Nasdaq listing standards. We believe that the composition and functioning of our Compensation Committee complies with all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and all applicable SEC and Nasdaq rules and regulations. The Compensation Committee met four times during 2020. A copy of the Compensation Committee charter is available on the investors section of our website at www.travere.com. The information on our website is not incorporated by reference into this Proxy Statement or our Annual Report for fiscal 2020.

Compensation Committee Report*

The Compensation Committee of the Company has reviewed and discussed the Compensation Discussion and Analysis required by Item 402(b) of Regulation S-K with management and, based on such review and discussions, the Compensation Committee recommended to the Board of Directors that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this Proxy Statement.


						Mr. Orwin
						Mr. Coughlin
						Mr. Lyons


*			The material in this report is not “soliciting material,” is not deemed “filed” with the SEC and is not to be incorporated by reference in any filing of the Company under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, whether made before or after the date hereof and irrespective of any general incorporation language in any such filing.

Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee

The Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee is responsible for making recommendations to our Board of Directors regarding candidates for directorships and the structure and composition of our Board of Directors and its committees. In addition, the Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee is responsible for developing and recommending to our Board of Directors corporate governance guidelines applicable to the Company and advising our Board of Directors on corporate governance matters.

The members of the Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee currently are Mr. Meckler, Dr. Baynes, and Ms. Poole. Mr. Meckler serves as chair of the Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee. Each member of the Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee is a non-employee director within the meaning of Rule 16b-3 of the rules promulgated under the Exchange Act and an independent director as defined by the Nasdaq Listing Rules.

The Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee has adopted a formal, written Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee charter that complies with SEC rules and regulations and the Nasdaq listing standards. We believe that the composition and functioning of our Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee complies with all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and all applicable SEC and Nasdaq rules and regulations. The Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee met four times during 2020. A copy of the Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee charter is available on the investors section of our website at www.travere.com. The information on our website is not incorporated by reference into this Proxy Statement or our Annual Report for fiscal 2020.

Science and Medical Technology Committee

The Board of Directors created a Science and Medical Technology Committee in 2017, and it is currently comprised of Dr. Baynes, Dr. Bruhn, Mr. Aselage and Ms. Poole. The purpose of the Science and Medical Technology Committee is to assist the Board of Directors in its oversight of management’s exercise of significant scientific judgments relating to the Company’s research and development activities and portfolio. The Science and Medical Technology Committee met four times during 2020.

Stockholder Communications with the Board of Directors

Any stockholder or other interested party who desires to communicate with any of the members of the Board of Directors may do so by writing to: Board of Directors, Travere Therapeutics, Inc., 3611 Valley Centre Drive, Suite 300, San Diego, California 92130. Communications may be addressed to an individual director, a Board committee, the non-employee directors or the full Board of Directors. Communications will then be distributed to the appropriate directors unless the Chairman determines that the information submitted constitutes “spam” and/ or communications offering to buy or sell products or services.

Director Nomination Process

In selecting non-incumbent candidates and reviewing the qualifications of incumbent candidates for the Board of Directors, the Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee considers the Company’s Corporate Governance Guidelines, which include the following:

• Directors should be less than 70 years of age at the time of first election;

• Directors should be a member of not more than five other public company boards of directors; if a member of the Audit Committee serve as chairman of not more than two other audit committees of public companies; if a named executive officer of a public company serve on not more than two other public company boards of directors;

• Directors should have the diversity of skills, professional experience, education, associations, achievements, training, points of view and individual qualities and attributes appropriate for representation on the Board of Directors;

• Directors should have no affiliation with a competitor or have, or appear to have, a conflict of interest that would impair their ability to fulfill the responsibilities of a director and represent the stockholders;

• Directors should have highest quality personal and professional references;

• Directors should attend at least 75% of the scheduled Board of Directors meetings and provide meaningful participation; and

• Directors should have a commitment to adhere to the Company’s policies.

On an annual basis the Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee evaluates the experience, qualifications, attributes and skills of each of the members of the Board of Directors in light of the Company’s business and structure to determine whether each such person should continue to serve as a director. The Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee annually reviews with the Board of Directors the skills and characteristics required of the members in the context of the then current membership of the Board of Directors.

Directors are told to notify the Chairman of the Board and Chairman of the Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee in the event of any significant change in his or her employment responsibilities or affiliations and so the Board, through the Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee, can review such director's continued appropriateness of Board membership under changed circumstances.

Although according to the Company’s bylaws all elections are determined by a plurality of the votes cast, it is the Company’s policy that any nominee for director in an uncontested election who does not receive a majority of the votes cast (i.e. receives a greater number of votes “withheld” from or “against” his or her election than votes “for” in such election) shall submit his or her offer of resignation for consideration by the Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee. The Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee shall consider all of the relevant facts and circumstances and recommend to the Board of Directors the action to be taken with respect to such offer of resignation. The Board of Directors will then act on the Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee’s recommendation. Promptly following the Board of Directors’ decision, the Company will disclose that decision and an explanation of such decision in a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission and a press release.

Director Commitments

We are aware that some shareholders have policies that are more restrictive than our policy (outlined above) on director commitments. Over the past year, our Board of Directors has continued to evaluate our policy on director time commitments. We also discussed this topic during shareholder engagements. At this time, a change to our policy on this matter to further limit the number of public company boards that a board member who is an executive officer at another company may sit on would primarily impact Mr. Orwin since, in addition to our Board, Mr. Orwin serves on the boards of directors of two other public companies: Seagen and Atreca, where he also serves as President and Chief Executive Officer. Following consideration, the Board decided to maintain its current policy on the matter. Our Nominating/ Governance Committee and Board believe that Mr. Orwin has demonstrated the ability to dedicate sufficient time to carry out his Board duties effectively and believe that it is in the Company’s best interest that he continue to serve as a director. In making this assessment the Board took into consideration Mr. Orwin’s experience in senior management positions in the pharmaceutical industry and the commercial and strategic business expertise he brings to the Board, including his prior experience bringing a new product to the nephrology community, as well as his consistently exemplary record of attendance and participation at the Board and Compensation Committee meetings over the past four years since joining the Travere Board.

Board Diversity

When it comes to the recruitment of new Board members, the Nominating / Governance Committee considers many aspects including skills, knowledge and experience as well as other diversity aspects, including but not limited to, gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation and race. We have a diversity of skills, professional experience, education, associations, achievements, training, points of view and individual qualities and attributes represented on the Board of Directors. Currently three out of our 10 Board members are diverse by gender or sexual orientation and the Board of Directors is committed to increasing the racial and ethnic diversity of the Board.

The Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee’s goal is to assemble a Board of Directors that brings to the Company a variety of perspectives and skills derived from high quality business and professional experience. In doing so, the Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee also considers candidates with appropriate non-business backgrounds. The Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee generally relies upon, receives and reviews recommendations from third-party search firms as well as a wide variety of contacts, including current executive officers and directors, as sources for potential director candidates. The Board of Directors retains complete independence in making nominations for election to the Board of Directors.

The Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee will consider qualified director candidates recommended by stockholders in compliance with our procedures and subject to applicable inquiries. The Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee’s evaluation of candidates recommended by stockholders does not differ materially from its evaluation of candidates recommended from other sources. Any stockholder may recommend nominees for director by writing to the Chairman of the Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee, Travere Therapeutics, Inc., 3611 Valley Centre Drive, Suite 300, San Diego, California 92130, giving the name, Company stockholdings and contact information of the person making the nomination, the candidate’s name, address and other contact information, any direct or indirect holdings of our securities by the nominee, any information required to be disclosed about directors under applicable securities laws and/or stock exchange requirements, information regarding related party transactions with us, the nominee and/or the stockholder submitting the nomination and any actual or potential conflicts of interest, the nominee’s biographical data, current public and private company affiliations, employment history and qualifications and status as “independent” under applicable securities laws and/or stock exchange requirements. All of these communications will be reviewed by the Nominating / Corporate Governance Committee for further review and consideration in accordance with this policy.

Executive Sessions

As required under Nasdaq listing standards, our independent directors have in the past regularly met, and will continue in the future to regularly meet, in executive sessions in which only independent directors are present. Our independent directors met in executive session at each regularly scheduled Board meeting during 2020.

Director Attendance at Annual Meeting of Stockholders

We do not have a formal policy regarding attendance by members of the Board at our annual meetings of stockholders. Dr. Dube attended our 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

Stock Ownership Guidelines

We have adopted stock ownership guidelines for our directors and Chief Executive Officer. For more information about these guidelines, please see “Director Compensation - Director Stock Ownership Guidelines” and “Compensation of Executive Officers- Compensation Discussion and Analysis - Stock Ownership Guidelines” below.

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

Messrs. Coughlin, Lyons and Orwin each served on the Compensation Committee during the last fiscal year. None of the members of our Compensation Committee has ever been an officer or employee of the Company. None of our executive officers serve, or have served during the last fiscal year, as a member of the Board of Directors, Compensation Committee or other board committee performing equivalent functions of any entity that has one or more executive officers serving as one of our directors or on our Compensation Committee.

Code of Business Conduct and Ethics

We have adopted a code of business conduct and ethics that applies to all of our directors, officers, employees and agents, including those officers responsible for financial reporting. We make our code of business conduct and ethics available on the investors section of our website at www.travere.com. We intend to disclose future amendments to the code or any waivers of its requirements on our website to the extent permitted by the applicable rules and exchange requirements.

PROPOSAL 2

APPROVE AN AMENDMENT TO OUR CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION TO INCREASE THE NUMBER OF AUTHORIZED SHARES OF COMMON STOCK

General

The Board has recommended an increase in the aggregate number of shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, that we are authorized to issue from 100,000,000 to 200,000,000 (the “Authorized Share Increase”). The Board is requesting stockholder approval of an amendment to the Company’s certificate of incorporation to effect the Authorized Share Increase. If the amendment is adopted, the Authorized Share Increase will become effective upon filing of a certificate of amendment of the Company’s certificate of incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware. No further stockholder authorization would be required prior to the issuance of such shares by the Company, except where stockholder approval is required under Delaware corporate law or the Nasdaq Stock Market rules. The form of the proposed amendment to our certificate of incorporation is attached as Appendix A to this proxy statement.

All shares of common stock, including those now authorized and those that would be authorized by the approval of this proposed amendment, are equal in rank and have the same voting, dividend, and liquidation rights. Existing stockholders have no preemptive rights to acquire or subscribe to any of the additional shares of common stock that would be authorized by the approval of the Authorized Share Increase. The proposed Authorized Share Increase will not affect the rights of existing stockholders, except to the extent that future issuances of common stock, including the additional shares that would be authorized if the proposed Authorized Share Increase is approved, may dilute the current equity ownership position of current holders of common stock.

As of March 23, 2021, the Record Date for the 2021 Annual Meeting, 60,435,730 shares of common stock were outstanding. As of the Record Date, 11,792,984 shares were reserved for issuance upon the exercise of equity awards granted or authorized under our Amended 2018 Plan and preceding plans (excluding shares requested in Proposal 3), and outstanding inducement awards, 7,113,596 shares were reserved for issuance upon the conversion of our Convertible Senior Notes due in 2025, and 1,156,013 shares were reserved for issuance or potential future issuance under our 2017 Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP"). Accordingly, without the Authorized Share Increase, we currently expect to have only approximately 19,501,677 shares of common stock available for future issuance.

Purpose and Effect of the Authorized Share Increase

Given the limited number of authorized shares currently available for future issuance under our certificate of incorporation, we believe that an increase in the number of authorized shares of our common stock is critical to ensure that a sufficient number of shares are available for future issuances if and when our Board deems it to be in our and our stockholders’ best interests to do so. While we have no current specific plans to issue additional shares, we believe that the Authorized Share Increase will result in greater flexibility and additional potential opportunities in the future by allowing us to take any one or a combination of the following general corporate initiatives to optimize shareholder value and support our growth plans:

•Raise additional capital through common stock offerings

•Provide equity incentives to attract and retain employees, officers or directors

•Acquire businesses, technologies, product franchises or other assets through merger and/or acquisition activity using common stock as consideration

•Issue common stock for other corporate purposes

•Utilize the issuance of equity securities in connection with collaboration or in-licensing transactions

Without an increase in the number of authorized shares of common stock, the number of remaining common shares available for issuance may be insufficient to complete one or more of the above transactions if and when the Board deems it to be in the best interests of the stockholders to do so. We believe that having the additional authorized shares available to the Company for issuance, upon approval of the Board, will be beneficial to us and our stockholders by allowing us to promptly consider and respond to future business opportunities as they arise, including in relation to offerings of common stock or acquisition opportunities, which are competitive and time-sensitive. Due to market, industry, and other factors, the delay involved in calling and holding a stockholders’ meeting to approve an increase in authorized shares at the time a business opportunity presents itself may prevent us from timely pursuing that opportunity, or may significantly adversely affect the economic or strategic value of that opportunity.

We currently have no specific plans, arrangements or understandings to issue additional shares of common stock, except for the routine and ongoing issuances under our equity incentive plan and except for a sales agreement with Jefferies LLC entered into in March 2020 to establish an at-the market offering program under which we may offer and sell shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $100 million (the “2020 ATM Program”). To date, we have issued $28.5 million of shares of our common stock under the 2020 ATM Program. We have not allocated any specific portion of the proposed increase in authorized common shares to, or for, any particular purpose. We continually evaluate our capital structure and may consider an equity offering if, among other things, market conditions are favorable or there is a favorable business

opportunity. If the increase in the authorized shares of common stock is postponed until the foregoing specific needs arise, the delay and expense incident to obtaining approval of the stockholders at that time could impair our ability to meet our objectives.

If this proposal is not approved by our stockholders, our financing alternatives will likely be limited by the lack of sufficient unissued and unreserved authorized shares of common stock, and stockholder value may be harmed by this limitation. In addition, our future success depends upon our ability to attract, retain and motivate highly-skilled scientific, commercial and managerial employees, and if this proposal is not approved by our stockholders, the lack of sufficient unissued and unreserved authorized shares of common stock to provide future equity incentive opportunities as our Board of Directors or the Compensation Committee deems appropriate could adversely impact our ability to achieve these goals. In short, if our stockholders do not approve this proposal, we may not be able to access the capital markets, complete corporate collaborations, partnerships or other strategic transactions, attract, retain and motivate employees, and pursue other business opportunities integral to our growth and success.

The additional shares of common stock that would become available for issuance if the proposal were adopted could also be used by the Company to oppose a hostile takeover attempt or to delay or prevent changes in control or management of the Company. Although this proposal to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock has been prompted by business and financial considerations and not by the threat of any hostile takeover attempt (nor is the Board currently aware of any such attempts directed at the Company), nevertheless, stockholders should be aware that approval of the Authorized Share Increase could facilitate future efforts by the Company to deter or prevent changes in control of the Company, including transactions in which the stockholders might otherwise receive a premium for their shares over then current market prices because the issuance of new shares could be used to dilute the stock ownership of that third party.

Currently, our certificate of incorporation also authorizes us to issue 20,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of which none are issued and outstanding as of the Record Date. No other class of our capital stock is authorized. We are not requesting any change to the number of shares of preferred stock authorized for issuance.

Vote Required

The affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of outstanding shares of common stock will be required to approve this proposal. Abstentions will have the same effect as a vote against this proposal.

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS A VOTE FOR PROPOSAL 2

PROPOSAL 3

APPROVAL OF THE 2018 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN, AS AMENDED

Subject to stockholder approval, our Board approved an amendment to the Company's 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2018 Plan") in April 2021 (the 2018 Plan, as amended, the "Amended 2018 Plan") to, among other items, increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance under the 2018 Plan by 3,200,000 shares. The material terms of the Amended 2018 Plan are summarized below.

In this Proposal 3, our stockholders are being asked to approve the Amended 2018 Plan in order to increase the number of shares of the Company’s common stock authorized for issuance under the 2018 Plan by an additional 3,200,000 shares.

Our Board believes that the Amended 2018 Plan is an integral part of our long-term compensation policy and that the Amended 2018 Plan is necessary to continue providing the appropriate levels and types of equity compensation to our employees.

Why We are Asking our Stockholders to Approve the Amended 2018 Plan

Our Board believes it is in the best interests of the Company and our stockholders to approve the Amended 2018 Plan to increase the number of shares authorized for issuance by an additional 3,200,000 shares. If the Amended 2018 Plan is not approved, we will not have a sufficient amount of authorized shares for future issuance under the 2018 Plan. Prior to the Board approving the Amended 2018 Plan, 8,599,645 shares of common stock were authorized for issuance under the 2018 Plan. As of March 23, 2021, and after taking into account the annual 2021 grants effected in January 2021, 719,100 shares of common stock remained available for future grant under the 2018 Plan.

Why You Should Vote to Approve the Amended 2018 Plan

Equity Awards Are an Important Part of Our Compensation Philosophy

Our Board believes that our future success depends, in large part, on our ability to maintain a competitive position in attracting, retaining and motivating employees, non-employee directors and consultants. The Board believes that the issuance of equity awards is a key element underlying our ability to attract, retain and motivate employees, non-employee directors and consultants, and better aligns the interests of our employees, non-employee directors and consultants with those of our stockholders. The Amended 2018 Plan will allow us to continue to provide equity incentives to our eligible employees, non-employee directors and consultants. Therefore, the Board believes that the Amended 2018 Plan is in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders and recommends a vote in favor of this Proposal 3.

We Have Experienced and Expect to Continue to Experience Substantial Growth in Our Business

The Board believes that the Amended 2018 Plan is necessary to continue to attract and retain the services of talented individuals essential to our long-term growth and financial success. Our Board strongly believes that the issuance of equity awards is a key element underlying our ability to attract, retain and motivate our employees, including our executives, and our consultants and advisors, and is a substantial contributing factor to our success and the growth of our business. So far we have relied significantly on equity incentives in the form of stock option awards and restricted stock unit awards to attract and retain key employees, and we believe that equity incentives are necessary for us to remain competitive in the marketplace for executive talent and other employees. If our stockholders do not approve the Amended 2018 Plan, the Company strongly believes that it will be unable to successfully use equity as part of its compensation program, as most of its competitors in the industry do, putting the Company at a significant disadvantage and compromising its ability to enhance stockholder value.

We Consider Dilution and Manage Our Equity Incentive Award Use Carefully

We continue to believe that equity awards such as stock options and restricted stock units are a vital part of our overall compensation program. Our compensation philosophy reflects broad-based eligibility for equity incentive awards, and we grant awards to substantially all of our employees. However, we recognize that equity awards dilute existing stockholders, and, therefore, we must responsibly manage the growth of our equity compensation program. We are committed to effectively monitoring our equity compensation share reserve, including our “burn rate,” to ensure that we maximize stockholders’ value by granting the appropriate number of equity incentive awards necessary to attract, reward, and retain employees.

We recognize that some of our stockholders utilize internal calculations to determine whether to support a company’s proposal to increase the number of shares reserved for issuance under an equity plan, including potential dilution to stockholders as a percentage of common shares outstanding. Under those calculations, our historical equity dilution may appear high relative to peer companies. This is primarily due to the fact that we are a relatively young company as well as the fact that we did not raise capital through the sale of dilutive equity for a five year period spanning from mid-2015 to mid-2020. Many of our peers have relied on repetitive dilutive equity financings resulting in a significantly higher number of outstanding common shares than we currently have outstanding. Instead, we have primarily relied on our commercial revenues, the sale of a priority review voucher for $245 million and convertible note financings, including the currently outstanding $276 million convertible notes, to fund our operations, and have not increased the number of our common shares outstanding to a level commensurate with what might be typical for a development stage biopharmaceutical company of our size. In order to execute on our pipeline, maximize the potential of our commercial portfolio and support the projected growth of our company, within a competitive biopharmaceutical labor market, we need highly talented and skilled individuals with extensive experience in the pharmaceutical industry. Appropriate equity awards are a key aspect to attracting, retaining and incentivizing these talented and skilled individuals.

The Size of Our Share Reserve Request is Reasonable

If the Amended 2018 Plan is approved by our stockholders, we expect to have approximately 3,919,100 shares available for grant after our

annual meeting, which we anticipate being a pool of shares necessary to provide a predictable amount of equity for attracting, retaining, and motivating employees. The size of our request is also reasonable in light of the equity granted to our employees and directors over the past year.

Important Aspects of Our Amended 2018 Plan Designed to Protect Our Stockholders’ Interests

The Amended 2018 Plan includes provisions that are designed to protect our stockholders’ interests and to reflect corporate governance best practices including:

•No single trigger accelerated vesting upon change in control. The Amended 2018 Plan does not provide for any automatic mandatory vesting of awards upon a change in control.

•No liberal share counting or recycling. The following shares will not become available again for issuance under the Amended 2018 Plan: (i) shares that are reacquired or withheld (or not issued) by us to satisfy the exercise or purchase price of a stock award; (ii) shares that are reacquired or withheld (or not issued) by us to satisfy a tax withholding obligation in connection with a stock award; and (iii) any shares repurchased by us on the open market with the proceeds of the exercise or purchase price of a stock award.

•Minimum vesting requirements. The Amended 2018 Plan provides that no award will vest until at least 12 months following the date of grant of the award; provided, however, that up to 5% of the aggregate number of shares that may be issued under the Amended 2018 Plan may be subject to awards which do not meet such vesting requirements.

•Fungible share counting. The Amended 2018 Plan contains a “fungible share counting” structure, whereby the number of shares of our common stock available for issuance under the Amended 2018 Plan will be reduced by (i) one share for each share issued pursuant to a stock option or stock appreciation right with an exercise price that is at least 100% of the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant (an “Appreciation Award”) granted under the Amended 2018 Plan and (ii) 1.56 shares for each share issued pursuant to a stock award that is not an Appreciation Award (a “Full Value Award”) granted under the Amended 2018 Plan. As part of such fungible share counting structure, the number of shares of our common stock available for issuance under the Amended 2018 Plan will be increased by (i) one share for each share that becomes available again for issuance under the terms of the Amended 2018 Plan subject to an Appreciation Award and (ii) 1.56 shares for each share that becomes available again for issuance under the terms of the Amended 2018 Plan subject to a Full Value Award.

•Recoup/clawback. Awards granted under the Amended 2018 Plan will be subject to recoupment in accordance with any clawback policy that we are required to adopt pursuant to the listing standards of any national securities exchange or association on which our securities are listed or as is otherwise required by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act or other applicable law.

•Repricing is not allowed without stockholder approval. The Amended 2018 Plan prohibits the repricing of outstanding stock options and stock appreciation rights and the cancellation of any outstanding stock options or stock appreciation rights that have an exercise or strike price greater than the then-current fair market value of our common stock in exchange for cash or other stock awards under the Amended 2018 Plan without prior stockholder approval.

•Stockholder approval is required for additional shares. The Amended 2018 Plan does not contain an annual “evergreen” provision. The Amended 2018 Plan authorizes a fixed number of shares, so that stockholder approval is required to issue any additional shares, allowing our stockholders to have direct input on our equity compensation programs.

•No liberal change in control definition. The change in control definition in the Amended 2018 Plan is not a “liberal” definition. A change in control transaction must actually occur in order for the change in control provisions in the Amended 2018 Plan to be triggered.

•No discounted stock options or stock appreciation rights. All stock options and stock appreciation rights granted under the Amended 2018 Plan must have an exercise or strike price equal to or greater than the fair market value of our common stock on the date the stock option or stock appreciation right is granted.

•Administration by independent committee. The Amended 2018 Plan will be administered by the members of our Compensation Committee, all of whom are “non-employee directors” within the meaning of Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act and “independent” within the meaning of the NASDAQ listing standards.

•Flexibility in designing equity compensation scheme. The Amended 2018 Plan allows us to provide a broad array of equity incentives, including traditional option grants, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, performance stock awards, and other stock awards. By providing this flexibility we can quickly and effectively react to trends in compensation practices and continue to offer competitive compensation arrangements to attract and retain the talent necessary for the success of our business.

•Broad based eligibility for equity awards. We grant equity awards to a large portion of our employees. By doing so, we tie our employees’ interests with stockholder interests and motivate our employees to act as owners of the business.

•Material amendments require stockholder approval. Consistent with NASDAQ rules, the Amended 2018 Plan requires stockholder approval of any material revisions to the Amended 2018 Plan. In addition, certain other amendments to the Amended 2018 Plan require stockholder approval.

•Limit on non-employee director awards and other awards. The Amended 2018 Plan contains a limit on non-employee director compensation.

•Restrictions on dividends. The Amended 2018 Plan provides that (i) no dividends or dividend equivalents may be paid with respect to any shares of our common stock subject to an award before the date such shares have vested, (ii) any dividends or dividend equivalents that are credited with respect to any such shares will be subject to all of the terms and conditions applicable to such shares under the terms of the applicable award agreement (including any vesting conditions), and (iii) any dividends or dividend equivalents that are credited with respect to any such shares will be forfeited to us on the date such shares are forfeited to or repurchased by us due to a failure to vest.

Overhang

The following table provides certain additional information regarding our equity incentive program.


	As of March 23, 2021
Total number of shares of common stock subject to outstanding stock options	9,412,715
Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding stock options	$	20.23
Weighted-average remaining term of outstanding stock options (in years)	6.75
Total number of shares of common stock subject to outstanding full value awards (1)	1,661,169
Total number of shares of common stock available for grant without giving effect to the approval of the 2018 Plan	719,100

(1) Includes 92,500 unearned performance-based restricted stock units


	As of March 23, 2021
Total number of shares of common stock outstanding	60,435,730
Per-share closing price of common stock as reported on the Nasdaq Global Market	$	25.20

Burn Rate

The following table provides detailed information regarding the activity related to our equity incentive plans for fiscal year 2020.


	Fiscal Year 2020
Total number of shares of common stock subject to stock options granted	1,582,875
Total number of shares of common stock subject to full value awards granted	722,338
Total number of shares of common stock subject to performance-based awards vested	105,750
Weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding	47,539,631
Burn Rate	5.07	%

Description of the Amended 2018 Plan

The material features of the Amended 2018 Plan are described below. The following description of the Amended 2018 Plan is a summary only and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the complete text of the Amended 2018 Plan. Stockholders are urged to read the actual text of the Amended 2018 Plan in its entirety, which is attached to this proxy statement as Appendix B.

Purpose

The Amended 2018 Plan is designed to secure and retain the services of our employees, directors and consultants, provide incentives for our employees, directors and consultants to exert maximum efforts for the success of our company and our affiliates, and provide a means by which our employees, directors and consultants may be given an opportunity to benefit from increases in the value of our common stock.

Types of Awards

The terms of the Amended 2018 Plan provide for the grant of incentive stock options, nonstatutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, other stock awards, and performance awards that may be settled in cash, stock, or other property.

Shares Available for Awards

Subject to adjustment for certain changes in our capitalization, the aggregate number of shares of our common stock that may be issued under the Amended 2018 Plan, or the Share Reserve, will not exceed the sum of (A) 10,984,114 shares (which number is the sum of (i) 1,800,000 shares originally added to the Share Reserve in connection with the Company's adoption of the 2018 Plan, (ii) 2,000,000 shares that were added, with approval by our stockholders, in May 2019, (iii) 2,400,000 shares that were added, with approval by our stockholders, in May 2020, (iv) 3,200,000 shares that are subject to approval by our stockholders under this proposal 3, and (v) 1,584,114 shares subject to the Prior Plans' Available Reserve (as defined below)), and (B) any Prior Plans’ Returning Shares (as defined below), as such shares become available from time to time.

The “Prior Plans’ Available Reserve” refers to the unallocated shares that, as of the effective date of the 2018 Plan, remained available for grant under the Company's 2015 Equity Incentive Plan and the Company's 2014 Incentive Compensation Plan (collectively, the “Prior Plans”).

The “Prior Plans’ Returning Shares” are shares subject to outstanding stock awards granted under the Prior Plans that, from and after the effective date of the 2018 Plan, (i) expire or terminate for any reason prior to exercise or settlement or (ii) are forfeited, cancelled or otherwise returned to us because of the failure to meet a contingency or condition required for the vesting of such shares.

The number of shares of our common stock available for issuance under the Amended 2018 Plan will be reduced by (i) one share for each share of common stock issued pursuant to a stock option or stock appreciation right with an exercise or strike price of at least 100% of the fair market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant, and (ii) 1.56 shares for each share of common stock issued pursuant to a full value award (i.e., any stock award that is not a stock option or stock appreciation right with an exercise or strike price of at least 100% of the fair market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant).

If (i) any shares of common stock subject to a stock award are not issued because the stock award expires or otherwise terminates without all of the shares covered by the stock award having been issued or is settled in cash, or (ii) any shares of common stock issued pursuant to a stock award are forfeited back to or repurchased by us because of the failure to meet a contingency or condition required for the vesting of such shares, then such shares will again become available for issuance under the Amended 2018 Plan (collectively, the “2018 Plan Returning Shares”). For each 2018 Plan Returning Share subject to a full value award, or Prior Plans’ Returning Share subject to a stock award other than a Prior Plans’ Appreciation Award, the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the Amended 2018 Plan will increase by 1.56 shares.

Any shares of common stock reacquired or withheld (or not issued) by us to satisfy the exercise or purchase price of a stock award will no longer be available for issuance under the Amended 2018 Plan, including any shares subject to a stock award that are not delivered to a participant because the stock award is exercised through a reduction of shares subject to the stock award. In addition, any shares reacquired or withheld (or not issued) by us to satisfy a tax withholding obligation in connection with a stock award granted under the Amended 2018 Plan or a stock award under a Prior Plan, or any shares repurchased by us on the open market with the proceeds of the exercise or strike price of a stock option or stock appreciation right granted under the Amended 2018 Plan or a stock option or stock appreciation right granted under a prior plan will no longer be available for issuance under the Amended 2018 Plan.

Eligibility

Persons eligible to participate in the Amended 2018 Plan are officers, employees, non-employee directors and other key persons (including consultants) of ours and our affiliates, as selected from time to time by the Compensation Committee in its discretion. As of the Record Date, approximately 271 individuals were eligible to participate in the Amended 2018 Plan, which included six executive officers, 256 employees who are not officers, and nine non-employee directors. Incentive stock options may be granted under the Amended 2018 Plan only to our employees (including officers) and employees of our affiliates.

Non-Employee Director Compensation Limit

Under the Amended 2018 Plan, the maximum number of shares of our common stock subject to stock awards granted during any one calendar year to any of our non-employee directors, taken together with any cash fees paid by the Company to such non-employee director during such calendar year, will not exceed $750,000 in total value, or $1,250,000 with respect to the calendar year in which the individual is first appointed or elected to the Board (calculating the value of any such stock awards based on the grant date fair value of such stock awards for financial reporting purposes).

Administration

The Amended 2018 Plan will be administered by our Board, which may in turn delegate authority to administer the Amended 2018 Plan to a committee. Our Board has delegated concurrent authority to administer the Amended 2018 Plan to our Compensation Committee, but may, at any time, revest in itself some or all of the power delegated to our Compensation Committee. The Board and the Compensation Committee are each considered to be a Plan Administrator for purposes of this Proposal 3. Subject to the terms of the Amended 2018 Plan (including certain minimum vesting requirements (see “Minimum Vesting Requirements” below)), the Plan Administrator, may determine the recipients, the types of awards to be granted, the number of shares of our common stock subject to or the cash value of awards, and the terms and conditions of awards granted under the Amended 2018 Plan, including the period of their exercisability and vesting. The Plan Administrator also has the authority to provide for accelerated exercisability and vesting of awards. Subject to the limitations set forth below, the Plan Administrator also determines the fair market value applicable to a stock award and the exercise or strike price of stock options and stock appreciation rights granted under the Amended 2018 Plan.

The Plan Administrator may also delegate to one or more officers the authority to designate employees who are not officers to be recipients of certain stock awards and the number of shares of our common stock subject to such stock awards. Under any such delegation, the Plan Administrator will specify the total number of shares of our common stock that may be subject to the stock awards granted by such officer. The officer may not grant a stock award to himself or herself.

Repricing; Cancellation and Re-Grant of Stock Awards

Under the Amended 2018 Plan, the Plan Administrator does not have the authority to reprice any outstanding stock option or stock appreciation right by reducing the exercise or strike price of the stock option or stock appreciation right or to cancel any outstanding stock option or stock appreciation right that has an exercise or strike price greater than the then-current fair market value of our common stock in exchange for cash or other stock awards without obtaining the approval of our stockholders. Such approval must be obtained within 12 months prior to such an event.

Minimum Vesting Requirements

Under the Amended 2018 Plan, no stock award will vest (or, if applicable, be exercisable) until at least 12 months following the date of grant of the stock award; provided, however, that up to 5% of the Share Reserve may be subject to awards which do not meet such vesting (and, if applicable, exercisability) requirements.

Stock Options

Stock options may be granted under the Amended 2018 Plan pursuant to stock option agreements. The Amended 2018 Plan permits the grant of stock options that are intended to qualify as incentive stock options, or ISOs, and nonstatutory stock options, or NSOs.

The exercise price of a stock option granted under the Amended 2018 Plan may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of the common stock subject to the stock option on the date of grant and, in some cases (see “Limitations on Incentive Stock Options” below), may not be less than 110% of such fair market value.

The term of stock options granted under the Amended 2018 Plan may not exceed ten years and, in some cases (see “Limitations on Incentive Stock Options” below), may not exceed five years. Except as otherwise provided in a participant’s stock option agreement or other written agreement with us or one of our affiliates, if a participant’s service relationship with us or any of our affiliates (referred to in this Proposal 3 as “continuous service”) terminates (other than for cause and other than upon the participant’s death or disability), the participant may exercise any vested stock options for up to three months following the participant’s termination of continuous service. Except as otherwise provided in a participant’s stock option agreement or other written agreement with us or one of our affiliates, if a participant’s continuous service terminates due to the participant’s disability or death (or the participant dies within a specified period, if any, following termination of continuous service), the participant, or his or her beneficiary, as applicable, may exercise any vested stock options for up to 12 months following the participant’s termination due to the participant’s disability or for up to 18 months following the participant’s death. Except as explicitly provided otherwise in a participant’s stock option agreement or other written agreement with us or one of our affiliates, if a participant’s continuous service is terminated for cause (as defined in the Amended 2018 Plan), all stock options held by the participant will terminate upon the participant’s termination of continuous service and the participant will be prohibited from exercising any stock option from and after such termination date. Except as otherwise provided in a participant’s stock option agreement or other written agreement with us or one of our affiliates, the term of a stock option may be extended if the exercise of the stock option following the participant’s termination of continuous service (other than for cause and other than upon the participant’s death or disability) would be prohibited by applicable securities laws or if the sale of any common stock received upon exercise of the stock option following the participant’s termination of continuous service (other than for cause) would violate our insider trading policy. In no event, however, may a stock option be exercised after its original expiration date.

Acceptable forms of consideration for the purchase of our common stock pursuant to the exercise of a stock option under the Amended 2018 Plan will be determined by the Plan Administrator and may include payment: (i) by cash, check, bank draft or money order payable to us; (ii) pursuant to a program developed under Regulation T as promulgated by the Federal Reserve Board; (iii) by delivery to us of shares of our common stock (either by actual delivery or attestation); (iv) by a net exercise arrangement (for NSOs only); or (v) in other legal consideration approved by the Plan Administrator.

Subject to certain minimum vesting requirements (see “Minimum Vesting Requirements” above), stock options granted under the Amended 2018 Plan may become exercisable in cumulative increments, or “vest,” as determined by the Plan Administrator at the rate specified in the stock option agreement. Shares covered by different stock options granted under the Amended 2018 Plan may be subject to different vesting schedules as the Plan Administrator may determine.

The Plan Administrator may impose limitations on the transferability of stock options granted under the Amended 2018 Plan in its discretion. Generally, a participant may not transfer a stock option granted under the Amended 2018 Plan other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution or, subject to approval by the Plan Administrator, pursuant to a domestic relations order or an official marital settlement agreement. However, the Plan Administrator may permit transfer of a stock option in a manner that is not prohibited by applicable tax and securities laws. In addition, subject to approval by the Plan Administrator, a participant may designate a beneficiary who may exercise the stock option following the participant’s death.

Limitations on Incentive Stock Options

The aggregate fair market value, determined at the time of grant, of shares of our common stock with respect to ISOs that are exercisable for the first time by a participant during any calendar year under all of our stock plans may not exceed $100,000. The stock options or portions of stock options that exceed this limit or otherwise fail to qualify as ISOs are treated as NSOs. No ISO may be granted to any person who, at the time of grant, owns or is deemed to own stock possessing more than 10% of our total combined voting power or that of any affiliate unless the following conditions are satisfied:

•the exercise price of the ISO must be at least 110% of the fair market value of the common stock subject to the ISO on the date of grant; and

•the term of the ISO must not exceed five years from the date of grant.

Subject to adjustment for certain changes in our capitalization, the aggregate maximum number of shares of our common stock that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of ISOs under the Amended 2018 Plan is 8,000,000 shares (subject also to the limitations described above under "Shares Available for Awards").

Stock Appreciation Rights

Stock appreciation rights may be granted under the Amended 2018 Plan pursuant to stock appreciation right agreements. Each stock appreciation right is denominated in common stock share equivalents. The strike price of each stock appreciation right will be determined by the Plan Administrator, but will in no event be less than 100% of the fair market value of the common stock subject to the stock appreciation right on the date of grant. Subject to certain minimum vesting requirements (see “Minimum Vesting Requirements” above), the Plan Administrator may also impose restrictions or conditions upon the vesting of stock appreciation rights that it deems appropriate. The appreciation distribution payable upon exercise of a stock appreciation right may be paid in shares of our common stock, in cash, in a combination of cash and stock, or in any other form of consideration determined by the Plan Administrator and set forth in the stock appreciation right agreement. Stock appreciation rights will be subject to the same conditions upon termination of continuous service and restrictions on transfer as stock options under the Amended 2018 Plan.

Restricted Stock Awards

Restricted stock awards may be granted under the Amended 2018 Plan pursuant to restricted stock award agreements. A restricted stock award may be granted in consideration for cash, check, bank draft or money order payable to us, the participant’s services performed for us or any of our affiliates, or any other form of legal consideration acceptable to the Plan Administrator. Subject to certain minimum vesting requirements (see “Minimum Vesting Requirements” above), shares of our common stock acquired under a restricted stock award may be subject to forfeiture to or repurchase by us in accordance with a vesting schedule to be determined by the Plan Administrator. Rights to acquire shares of our common stock under a restricted stock award may be transferred only upon such terms and conditions as are set forth in the restricted stock award agreement. A restricted stock award agreement may provide that any dividends paid on restricted stock will be subject to the same vesting conditions as apply to the shares subject to the restricted stock award. Upon a participant’s termination of continuous service for any reason, any shares subject to restricted stock awards held by the participant that have not vested as of such termination date may be forfeited to or repurchased by us.

Restricted Stock Unit Awards

Restricted stock unit awards may be granted under the Amended 2018 Plan pursuant to restricted stock unit award agreements. Payment of any purchase price may be made in any form of legal consideration acceptable to the Plan Administrator. A restricted stock unit award may be settled by the delivery of shares of our common stock, in cash, in a combination of cash and stock, or in any other form of consideration determined by the Plan Administrator and set forth in the restricted stock unit award agreement. Subject to certain minimum vesting requirements (see “Minimum Vesting Requirements” above), restricted stock unit awards may be subject to vesting in accordance with a vesting schedule to be determined by the Plan Administrator. Dividend equivalents may be credited in respect of shares of our common stock covered by a restricted stock unit award, provided that any additional shares credited by reason of such dividend equivalents will be subject to all of the same terms and conditions of the underlying restricted stock unit award. Except as otherwise provided in a participant’s restricted stock unit award agreement or other written agreement with us or one of our affiliates, restricted stock units that have not vested will be forfeited upon the participant’s termination of continuous service for any reason.

Performance Awards

A performance stock award is a stock award that is payable (including that may be granted, may vest, or may be exercised) contingent upon the attainment of pre-determined performance goals during a performance period. A performance stock award may require the completion of a specified period of continuous service. Subject to certain minimum vesting requirements (see “Minimum Vesting Requirements” above), the length of any performance period, the performance goals to be achieved during the performance period, and the measure of whether and to what degree such performance goals have been attained will be determined by the Plan Administrator. In addition, to the extent permitted by applicable law and the performance stock award agreement, the Plan Administrator may determine that cash may be used in payment of performance stock awards.

In granting a performance stock award the Plan Administrator will set a period of time, or a performance period, over which the attainment of one or more goals, or performance goals, will be measured. Our Compensation Committee will establish the performance goals, based upon one or more criteria, or performance criteria, enumerated in the Amended 2018 Plan and described below. As soon as administratively practicable following the end of the performance period, the Plan Administrator will determine whether the performance goals have been satisfied.

Performance goals under the Amended 2018 Plan will be based on any one or more of the following performance criteria: (1) earnings (including earnings per share and net earnings); (2) earnings before interest, taxes and depreciation; (3) earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization; (4) total stockholder return; (5) return on equity or average stockholder’s equity; (6) return on assets, investment, or capital employed; (7) stock price; (8) margin (including gross margin); (9) income (before or after taxes); (10) operating income; (11) operating income after taxes; (12) pre-tax profit; (13) operating cash flow; (14) sales or revenue targets; (15) increases in revenue or product revenue; (16) expenses and cost reduction goals; (17) improvement in or attainment of working capital levels; (18) economic value added (or an equivalent metric); (19) market share; (20) cash flow; (21) cash flow per share; (22) share price performance; (23) debt reduction; (24) implementation or completion of projects or processes; (25) customer satisfaction; (26) stockholders’ equity; (27) capital expenditures; (28) debt levels; (29) operating profit or net operating profit; (30) workforce diversity; (31) growth of net income or operating income; (32) billings; (33) pre-clinical development related compound goals; (34) financing; (35) regulatory milestones, including approval of a compound; (36) stockholder liquidity; (37) corporate governance and compliance; (38) product commercialization; (39) intellectual property; (40) personnel matters; (41) progress of internal research or clinical programs; (42) progress of partnered programs; (43) implementation or completion of projects and processes; (44) partner satisfaction; (45) budget management; (46) clinical achievements; (47) completing phases of a clinical study (including the treatment phase); (48) announcing or presenting preliminary or final data from clinical studies; in each case, whether on particular timelines or generally; (49) timely completion of clinical trials; (50) submission of INDs and NDAs and other regulatory achievements; (51) partner or collaborator achievements; (52) internal controls, including those related to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002; (53) research progress, including the development of programs; (54) investor relations, analysts and communication;

(55) manufacturing achievements (including obtaining particular yields from manufacturing runs and other measurable objectives related to process development activities); (56) strategic partnerships or transactions (including in-licensing and out-licensing of intellectual property; (57) establishing relationships with commercial entities with respect to the marketing, distribution and sale of the Company’s products (including with group purchasing organizations, distributors and other vendors); (58) supply chain achievements (including establishing relationships with manufacturers or suppliers of active pharmaceutical ingredients and other component materials and manufacturers of the Company’s products); (59) co-development, co-marketing, profit sharing, joint venture or other similar arrangements; and (60) other measures of performance selected by the Plan Administrator.

Performance goals may be based on a company-wide basis, with respect to one or more business units, divisions, affiliates or business segments, and in either absolute terms or relative to the performance of one or more comparable companies or the performance of one or more relevant indices. In establishing a performance goal, the Plan Administrator may provide that performance will be appropriately adjusted as follows: (1) to exclude restructuring and/or other nonrecurring charges; (2) to exclude exchange rate effects; (3) to exclude the effects of changes to generally accepted accounting principles; (4) to exclude the effects of any statutory adjustments to corporate tax rates; (5) to exclude the effects of any “extraordinary items” as determined under generally accepted accounting principles; (6) to exclude the dilutive effects of acquisitions or joint ventures; (7) to assume that any business divested by the Company achieved performance objectives at targeted levels during the balance of a Performance Period following such divestiture; (8) to exclude the effect of any change in the outstanding shares of common stock of the Company by reason of any stock dividend or split, stock repurchase, reorganization, recapitalization, merger, consolidation, spin-off, combination or exchange of shares or other similar corporate change, or any distributions to common stockholders other than regular cash dividends; (9) to exclude the effects of stock based compensation and the award of bonuses under the Company’s bonus plans; (10) to exclude costs incurred in connection with potential acquisitions or divestitures that are required to be expensed under generally accepted accounting principles; (11) to exclude the goodwill and intangible asset impairment charges that are required to be recorded under generally accepted accounting principles and (12) to exclude the effect of any other unusual, non-recurring gain or loss or other extraordinary item. In addition, our board of directors retains the discretion to reduce or eliminate the compensation or economic benefit due upon attainment of performance goals and to define the manner of calculating the performance criteria it selects to use for a performance period.

Other Stock Awards

Other forms of stock awards valued in whole or in part by reference to, or otherwise based on, our common stock may be granted either alone or in addition to other stock awards under the Amended 2018 Plan. Subject to the terms of the Amended 2018 Plan (including certain minimum vesting requirements (see “Minimum Vesting Requirements” above)), the Plan Administrator will have sole and complete authority to determine the persons to whom and the time or times at which such other stock awards will be granted, the number of shares of our common stock to be granted and all other terms and conditions of such other stock awards.

Recoup/Clawback

Awards granted under the Amended 2018 Plan will be subject to recoupment in accordance with any clawback policy that we are required to adopt pursuant to the listing standards of any national securities exchange or association on which our securities are listed or as is otherwise required by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act or other applicable law.

Changes to Capital Structure

In the event of certain capitalization adjustments, the Plan Administrator will appropriately adjust: (i) the class(es) and maximum number of securities subject to the Amended 2018 Plan; (ii) the class(es) and maximum number of securities that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of ISOs; and (iii) the class(es) and number of securities and price per share of stock subject to outstanding stock awards.

Transaction

In the event of a transaction (as defined in the Amended 2018 Plan and described below), the Plan Administrator may take one or more of the following actions with respect to stock awards, contingent upon the closing or consummation of the transaction, unless otherwise provided in the instrument evidencing the stock award, in any other written agreement between us or one of our affiliates and the participant or in our director compensation policy, or unless otherwise provided by the Plan Administrator at the time of grant of the stock award:

•arrange for the surviving or acquiring corporation (or its parent company) to assume or continue the stock award or to substitute a similar stock award for the stock award (including an award to acquire the same consideration paid to our stockholders pursuant to the transaction);

•arrange for the assignment of any reacquisition or repurchase rights held by us in respect of our common stock issued pursuant to the stock award to the surviving or acquiring corporation (or its parent company);

•accelerate the vesting (and, if applicable, the exercisability) of the stock award to a date prior to the effective time of the transaction as determined by the Plan Administrator (or, if the Plan Administrator does not determine such a date, to the date that is five days prior to the effective date of the transaction), with the stock award terminating if not exercised (if applicable) at or prior to the effective time of the transaction; provided, however, that the Plan Administrator may require participants to complete and deliver to us a notice of exercise before the effective date of a transaction, which is contingent upon the effectiveness of the transaction;

•arrange for the lapse of any reacquisition or repurchase rights held by us with respect to the stock award;

•cancel or arrange for the cancellation of the stock award, to the extent not vested or not exercised prior to the effective time of the transaction, in exchange for such cash consideration, if any, as the Plan Administrator may consider appropriate; and

•cancel or arrange for the cancellation of the stock award, to the extent not vested or not exercised prior to the effective time of the transaction, in exchange for a payment, in such form as may be determined by the Plan Administrator equal to the excess, if any, of (i) the value of the property the participant would have received upon the exercise of the stock award immediately prior to the effective time of the transaction, over (ii) any exercise price payable in connection with such exercise, which payment may be subject to any escrow, holdback, earnout or similar provisions to the same extent and in the same manner as those provisions apply to holders of common stock.

The Plan Administrator is not required to take the same action with respect to all stock awards or portions of stock awards or with respect to all participants. The Plan Administrator may take different actions with respect to the vested and unvested portions of a stock award.

For purposes of the Amended 2018 Plan, a transaction will be deemed to occur in the event of a corporate transaction or a change in control. A corporate transaction generally means the consummation of (i) a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of our consolidated assets, (ii) a sale or other disposition of at least 90% of our outstanding securities, (iii) a merger, consolidation or similar transaction following which we are not the surviving corporation, or (iv) a merger, consolidation or similar transaction following which we are the surviving corporation but the shares of our common stock outstanding immediately prior to such transaction are converted or exchanged into other property by virtue of the transaction.

A change of control generally means (i) the acquisition by a person or entity of more than 50% of our combined voting power other than by merger, consolidation or similar transaction; (ii) a consummated merger, consolidation or similar transaction immediately after which our stockholders cease to own more than 50% of the combined voting power of the surviving entity; (iii) a consummated sale, lease or exclusive license or other disposition of all or substantially of our consolidated assets; or (iv) when a majority of our board of directors becomes comprised of individuals whose nomination, appointment, or election was not approved by a majority of our board members or their approved successors.

Change in Control

Under the Amended 2018 Plan, a stock award may be subject to additional acceleration of vesting and exercisability upon or after a termination of service in connection with a change in control (as defined in the Amended 2018 Plan and described below) as may be provided in the participant’s stock award agreement, in any other written agreement with us or one of our affiliates or in our director compensation policy, but in the absence of such provision, no such acceleration will occur.

The acceleration of vesting of an award in the event of a corporate transaction or a change in control event under the 2018 Plan may be viewed as an anti-takeover provision, which may have the effect of discouraging a proposal to acquire or otherwise obtain control of us.

Dissolution

If the Company dissolves, all outstanding stock awards (other than fully vested stock awards and outstanding shares of our common stock not subject to a forfeiture condition or our right of repurchase) will terminate immediately prior to the dissolution, and we may repurchase or reacquire the shares of our common stock subject to our repurchase rights or a forfeiture condition even if the participant is providing service. Our board of directors may provide, in its discretion, that some or all of the outstanding stock awards will become fully vested, exercisable, or no longer subject to repurchase or forfeiture prior to the completion of the dissolution but contingent on its completion.

Plan Amendments and Termination

The Plan Administrator will have the authority to amend or terminate the Amended 2018 Plan at any time. However, except as otherwise provided in the Amended 2018 Plan or an award agreement, no amendment or termination of the Amended 2018 Plan may materially impair a participant’s rights under his or her outstanding awards without the participant’s consent. We will obtain stockholder approval of any amendment to the Amended 2018 Plan as required by applicable law and listing requirements. No incentive stock options may be granted under the Amended 2018 Plan after the tenth anniversary of the date the 2018 Plan was adopted by our Board.

U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences

The following is a summary of the principal United States federal income tax consequences to participants and us with respect to participation in the Amended 2018 Plan. This summary is not intended to be exhaustive and does not discuss the income tax laws of any local, state or foreign jurisdiction in which a participant may reside. The information is based upon current federal income tax rules and therefore is subject to change when those rules change. Because the tax consequences to any participant may depend on his or her particular situation, each participant should consult the participant’s tax adviser regarding the federal, state, local and other tax consequences of the grant or exercise of an award or the disposition of stock acquired under the Amended 2018 Plan. The Amended 2018 Plan is not qualified under the provisions of Section 401(a) of the Code and is not subject to any of the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. Our ability to realize the benefit of any tax deductions described below depends on our generation of taxable income as well as the requirement of reasonableness, the provisions of Section 162(m) of the Code and the satisfaction of our tax reporting obligations.

Nonstatutory Stock Options

Generally, there is no taxation upon the grant of an NSO if the stock option is granted with an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the underlying stock on the grant date. Upon exercise, a participant will recognize ordinary income equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the underlying stock on the date of exercise of the stock option over the exercise price. If the participant is employed by us or one of our affiliates,

that income will be subject to withholding taxes. The participant’s tax basis in those shares will be equal to his or her fair market value on the date of exercise of the stock option, and the participant’s capital gain holding period for those shares will begin on that date.

Subject to the requirement of reasonableness, the provisions of Section 162(m) of the Code and the satisfaction of a tax reporting obligation, we will generally be entitled to a tax deduction equal to the taxable ordinary income realized by the participant.

Incentive Stock Options

The Amended 2018 Plan provides for the grant of stock options that are intended to qualify as “incentive stock options,” as defined in Section 422 of the Code. Under the Code, a participant generally is not subject to ordinary income tax upon the grant or exercise of an ISO. If the participant holds a share received upon exercise of an ISO for more than two years from the date the stock option was granted and more than one year from the date the stock option was exercised,