Achieves record quarterly revenue of $201.7 million in Q3 2025

Generates GAAP net income of $29.3 million and record adjusted EBITDA of $59.6 million, resulting in 15% profit margin and all-time high 30% adjusted EBITDA margin

Raises FY2025 revenue and adjusted EBITDA guidance

PALO ALTO, Calif., Nov. 03, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Upwork Inc. (NASDAQ:UPWK), the world's human and AI-powered work marketplace, today announced its financial results for the third quarter of 2025.

"The third quarter marked the start of the next chapter for Upwork. As we build the world's human and AI-powered work marketplace, we're driving phenomenal user productivity and engagement, resulting in a return to positive GSV growth," said Hayden Brown, president and CEO, Upwork Inc. "We are executing with speed and precision across our growth levers of AI, SMB, and Enterprise, and are now on the path to sustained, multi-year growth."

"Our third quarter was exceptional, with record performance. We crossed the $200 million revenue milestone, with net income of $29.3 million and 15% profit margin, and our adjusted EBITDA hit an all-time high of $59.6 million, at a record 30% adjusted EBITDA margin," said Erica Gessert, CFO, Upwork Inc. "Our strong and growing free cash flow yield also enabled us to announce another $100 million share repurchase authorization in early September. On the back of such positive momentum, we have once again raised our full-year guidance for both revenue and adjusted EBITDA. We have proven our ability to meaningfully expand margins while accelerating topline growth, reinforcing our confidence in achieving our long-term 35% adjusted EBITDA margin target."

Third Quarter 2025 Financial Highlights

GSV⁽¹⁾ grew 2% year-over-year
Revenue grew 4% year-over-year to $201.7 million
Active clients⁽¹⁾ of 794,000
GSV per active client⁽¹⁾ of $5,036 increased 5% year-over-year
Net income was $29.3 million, up 6% year-over-year
Diluted earnings per share was $0.21, compared to diluted earnings per share of $0.20 in the third quarter of 2024
Adjusted EBITDA⁽²⁾ was $59.6 million, up 38% year-over-year
Cash provided by operating activities⁽³⁾was $75.1 million, compared to cash provided by operating activities of $61.0 million in the third quarter of 2024
Free cash flow⁽²⁾⁽³⁾ was $69.4 million, compared to free cash flow of $56.8 million in the third quarter of 2024

Third Quarter Operational Highlights

Building the World's Human and AI-Powered Work Marketplace

Uma™, Upwork's Mindful AI, continued to evolve into an always-on work agent, further increasing customer engagement and productivity.
- Scaled Uma's capabilities across the customer journey with additional premium features like AI interviews, recruiting, and collaborative hiring capabilities for teams.
- Uma Proposal Writer provided a 15% uplift in Uma-generated proposals.
- Launched agentic talent sourcing solution for Business Plus clients, reducing the median time to receive a high-quality talent shortlist for their jobs by more than 75%.

Growing AI Work on the Marketplace

GSV from AI-related work accelerated to 53% year-over-year growth in Q3 2025, compared to 30% year-over-year growth in Q2 2025.
- GSV from Generative AI work grew 65% year-over-year in Q3 2025.
- GSV from Prompt Engineering grew 71% year-over-year and increased 23% quarter-over-quarter in Q3 2025.
The number of clients engaging in AI-related projects grew 45% year-over-year in Q3 2025.

Winning Bigger with SMBs

GSV from Upwork Business Plus offering for SMBs increased 33% quarter-over-quarter.
Business Plus active clients increased 36% quarter-over-quarter, with 36% of active clients on Business Plus in Q3 being net-new customers to Upwork.

Generating New Value through Ads & Monetization Strategies

Revenue from Ads & Monetization grew 19% year-over-year in Q3 2025.
- Connects revenue increased 18% year-over-year in Q3 2025.
- Freelancer Plus subscription revenue grew 24% year-over-year in Q3 2025.

Unlocking the Enterprise Opportunity

Launched Lifted, Upwork's new enterprise-focused subsidiary, creating a unique offering of full-stack, end-to-end contingent work solutions for large enterprises following Lifted's acquisitions of Bubty and Ascen.
Rapidly integrating acquired companies and products, in anticipation of onboarding first customers onto the new Lifted platform by early 2026.

Financial Guidance & Outlook

Upwork's guidance for revenue, adjusted EBITDA, diluted weighted-average shares outstanding, and non-GAAP diluted EPS for the fourth quarter of 2025 is:

Revenue: $193 million to $198 million
Adjusted EBITDA: $49 million to $52 million
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding: 138 million to 140 million
Non-GAAP diluted EPS: $0.31 to $0.33

Upwork's guidance for revenue, adjusted EBITDA, diluted weighted-average shares outstanding, non-GAAP diluted EPS, and stock-based compensation expense for full year 2025 is:

Revenue: $782 million to $787 million
Adjusted EBITDA: $222 million to $225 million
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding: 140 million to 142 million
Non-GAAP diluted EPS: $1.35 to $1.37
Stock-based compensation expense: Approximately $65 million


UPWORK INC. Key Financial and Operational Metrics (In thousands, except percentages and basis points) (Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended September 30,								Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2025			2024		Change			2025			2024		Change
GSV⁽¹⁾	$	1,017,680		$	998,268		1.9	%	$	3,008,054		$	3,015,331		(0.2)%
Marketplace revenue⁽¹⁾	$	174,572		$	167,337		4	%	$	511,525		$	498,453		3	%
Enterprise revenue⁽¹⁾	$	27,158		$	26,439		3	%	$	77,850		$	79,389		(2	)%
Gross profit	$	155,887		$	150,368		4	%	$	458,294		$	446,389		3	%
Gross profit margin		77	%		78	%	-32 bps			78	%		77	%	51 bps
Operating expenses	$	126,129		$	129,575		(3	)%	$	357,281		$	394,766		(9	)%
Net income	$	29,335		$	27,758		6	%	$	99,791		$	68,420		46	%
Adjusted EBITDA⁽²⁾	$	59,627		$	43,227		38	%	$	172,699		$	117,387		47	%
Profit margin		15	%		14	%	22 bps			17	%		12	%	509 bps
Adjusted EBITDA margin⁽²⁾		30	%		22	%	725 bps			29	%		20	%	899 bps
Cash provided by operating activities⁽³⁾	$	75,079		$	60,964		23	%	$	184,558		$	114,981		61	%
Free cash flow⁽²⁾⁽³⁾	$	69,431		$	56,797		22	%	$	165,847		$	104,402		59	%

	As of September 30,
(In thousands)	2025	2024	% Change
Active clients⁽¹⁾	794	855	(7	)%

⁽¹⁾ See Key Definitions in our third quarter 2025 earnings presentation.

⁽²⁾ An explanation of non-GAAP financial measures and reconciliations to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures can be found in the "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" section and the subsequent tables at the end of this press release.

⁽³⁾We elected to change the presentation of certain cash flows on our Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow, reclassifying the change in Trade and client receivables, related to amounts received on behalf of talent to fund their escrow account, from operating activities to financing activities. Prior period comparative amounts have been recast to conform to the current period presentation.

Third Quarter 2025 Financial Results Conference Call and Webcast

Upwork will host a conference call today at 2:00 p.m. Pacific Time/5:00 p.m. Eastern Time to discuss the company's third quarter 2025 financial results. An audio webcast archive will be available following the live event for approximately one year at investors.upwork.com. Please visit the Upwork Investor Relations website at investors.upwork.com/financial-information/quarterly-results to view Upwork's third quarter 2025 earnings presentation.

Disclosure Information

We use our Investor Relations website (investors.upwork.com), our Blog (upwork.com/blog), our X handle (twitter.com/Upwork), Hayden Brown's X handle (twitter.com/hydnbrwn) and LinkedIn profile (linkedin.com/in/haydenlbrown), and Erica Gessert's LinkedIn profile (linkedin.com/in/erica-gessert) as means of disseminating or providing notification of, among other things, news or announcements regarding our business or financial performance, investor events, press releases, and earnings releases, and as means of disclosing material nonpublic information and for complying with our disclosure obligations under Regulation FD.

About Upwork

Upwork Inc.'s (NASDAQ:UPWK) family of companies connects businesses with global, AI-enabled talent across every contingent work type including freelance, fractional, and payrolled. This portfolio includes the Upwork Marketplace, which connects businesses with on-demand access to highly skilled talent across the globe, and Lifted, which provides a purpose-built solution for enterprise organizations to source, contract, manage, and pay talent across the full spectrum of contingent work. From Fortune 100 enterprises to entrepreneurs, businesses rely on Upwork Inc. to find and hire expert talent, leverage AI-powered work solutions, and drive business transformation. With access to professionals spanning more than 10,000 skills across AI & machine learning, software development, sales & marketing, customer support, finance & accounting, and more, the Upwork family of companies enables businesses of all sizes to scale, innovate, and transform their workforces for the age of AI and beyond.

Since its founding, Upwork Inc. has facilitated more than $30 billion in total transactions and services as it fulfills its purpose to create opportunity in every era of work. Learn more about the Upwork Marketplace at upwork.com and follow on LinkedIn, Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, and X; and learn more about Lifted at go-lifted.com and follow on LinkedIn.

Contact:

Investor Relations

investor@upwork.com

Safe Harbor:

This press release of Upwork Inc. (together with its wholly owned subsidiaries, the "Company," "we," "us," or "our") contains "forward-looking" statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. Forward-looking statements include all statements other than statements of historical fact, including any statements regarding our future operating results and financial position, including expected financial results for the fourth quarter and full year 2025, information or predictions concerning the future of our business or strategy, anticipated events and trends, potential growth or growth prospects, competitive position, technological and market trends, industry environment, the economy, our plans with respect to share repurchases, the expected impact and timing of strategic initiatives, including the launch of Lifted, the Company's enterprise-focused subsidiary, and its acquisitions of Bubty B.V., which we refer to as Bubty, and Ascen Inc., which we refer to as Ascen, and other future conditions.

We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections as of the date hereof about future events and trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy, short- and long-term business operations and objectives, and financial needs. As such, they are subject to inherent uncertainties, known and unknown risks, and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict and in many cases outside our control, and you should not rely on such forward-looking statements. We make no representation that the projected results will be achieved or that future events and circumstances will occur, and actual results may differ materially and adversely from our expectations. The forward-looking statements are made as of the date hereof, and we do not undertake, and expressly disclaim, any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, conform these statements to actual results, or make changes in our expectations, except as required by law. Additional information regarding the risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations is included under the caption "Risk Factors" in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended June 30, 2025, filed with the SEC on August 6, 2025, and in our other SEC filings, which are available on our Investor Relations website at investors.upwork.com and on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov. Additional information will also be set forth under the caption "Risk Factors" in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended September 30, 2025, when filed.

Upwork, "Uma™, Upwork's Mindful AI," Lifted and other registered or common law trade names, trademarks, or service marks of Upwork appearing in this press release are the property of Upwork. This presentation may also contain additional trade names, trademarks, and service marks of other companies, including names and brands. All third-party trademarks are property of their respective owners, and any references to third-party trademarks are for identification purposes only and shall be considered nominative fair use under trademark law.

UPWORK INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (In thousands, except for per share data) (Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2025			2024			2025			2024
Revenue
Marketplace	$	174,572		$	167,337		$	511,525		$	498,453
Enterprise		27,158			26,439			77,850			79,389
Total revenue		201,730			193,776			589,375			577,842
Cost of revenue		45,843			43,408			131,081			131,453
Gross profit		155,887			150,368			458,294			446,389
Operating expenses
Research and development		47,494			50,411			138,489			155,792
Sales and marketing		34,985			46,093			107,407			141,277
General and administrative		41,257			31,276			104,964			93,201
Provision for transaction losses		2,393			1,795			6,421			4,496
Total operating expenses		126,129			129,575			357,281			394,766
Income from operations		29,758			20,793			101,013			51,623
Other income, net		5,917			8,091			18,112			20,433
Income before income taxes		35,675			28,884			119,125			72,056
Income tax provision		(6,340	)		(1,126	)		(19,334	)		(3,636	)
Net income	$	29,335		$	27,758		$	99,791		$	68,420

Net income per share:
Basic	$	0.22		$	0.21		$	0.75		$	0.51
Diluted	$	0.21		$	0.20		$	0.72		$	0.50

Weighted-average shares used to compute net income per share:
Basic		131,987			132,603			133,114			133,404
Diluted		139,666			139,294			140,910			140,552

UPWORK INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (In thousands) (Unaudited)

	September 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	260,838	$	305,757
Marketable securities		382,259		316,344
Funds held in escrow, including funds in transit		211,373		195,736
Trade and client receivables, net		76,433		75,490
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		18,048		17,727
Total current assets		948,951		911,054
Property and equipment, net		40,373		30,056
Goodwill		150,471		121,064
Intangible assets, net		39,656		12,989
Operating lease asset		5,188		5,752
Deferred tax asset		125,065		128,779
Other assets, noncurrent		1,505		1,919
Total assets	$	1,311,209	$	1,211,613

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	$	8,514	$	6,128
Escrow funds payable		211,373		195,736
Debt, current		359,310		—
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		73,336		59,300
Deferred revenue		7,943		7,269
Total current liabilities		660,476		268,433
Debt, noncurrent		—		357,928
Operating lease liability, noncurrent		10,131		9,567
Other liabilities, noncurrent		12,476		308
Total liabilities		683,083		636,236

Stockholders' equity
Common stock		13		14
Additional paid-in capital		605,931		653,575
Accumulated and other comprehensive income		867		264
Accumulated deficit		21,315		(78,476	)
Total stockholders' equity		628,126		575,377
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	1,311,209	$	1,211,613

UPWORK INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (In thousands) (Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2025			2024			2025			2024
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$	29,335		$	27,758		$	99,791		$	68,420
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for transaction losses		2,113			1,100			5,707			3,533
Depreciation and amortization		7,946			3,668			18,686			10,443
Amortization of debt issuance costs		460			460			1,381			1,381
Accretion of discount on purchases of marketable securities, net		(2,195	)		(2,272	)		(5,699	)		(10,431	)
Amortization of operating lease asset		179			722			564			2,428
Tides Foundation common stock warrant expense		188			188			563			563
Stock-based compensation expense		19,789			18,578			48,038			54,758
Deferred taxes		(2,463	)		—			(399	)		—
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Trade and client receivables⁽¹⁾		(2,014	)		4,851			(1,654	)		(236	)
Prepaid expenses and other assets		3,378			2,665			40			(2,468	)
Operating lease liability		(208	)		(1,086	)		600			(4,215	)
Accounts payable		4,571			(160	)		(504	)		541
Accrued expenses and other liabilities		13,866			6,480			16,777			(367	)
Deferred revenue		134			(1,988	)		667			(9,369	)
Net cash provided by operating activities		75,079			60,964			184,558			114,981
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchases of marketable securities		(106,791	)		(40,205	)		(365,939	)		(234,504	)
Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities		70,314			43,423			302,725			365,269
Proceeds from sale of marketable securities		64			3,027			3,601			38,421
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired		(39,436	)		—			(59,846	)		—
Purchases of property and equipment		(482	)		(1,204	)		(5,335	)		(1,979	)
Internal-use software and platform development costs		(5,166	)		(2,963	)		(13,376	)		(8,600	)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities		(81,497	)		2,078			(138,170	)		158,607
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Change in escrow funds payable, net⁽¹⁾		6,451			36,810			23,025			32,008
Proceeds from exercises of stock options and common stock warrants		76			1,165			729			1,935
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan		—			—			2,199			2,917
Repurchase of common stock		(31,001	)		—			(101,923	)		(100,000	)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities		(24,474	)		37,975			(75,970	)		(63,140	)
NET CHANGE IN CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH		(30,892	)		101,017			(29,582	)		210,448
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH—beginning of period		506,903			405,849			505,593			296,418
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH—end of period	$	476,011		$	506,866		$	476,011		$	506,866

⁽¹⁾ We elected to change the presentation of certain cash flows on our Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow, reclassifying the change in Trade and client receivables, related to amounts received on behalf of talent to fund their escrow account, from operating activities to financing activities. Prior period comparative amounts have been recast to conform to the current period presentation.

The following table reconciles cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash as reported in the condensed consolidated balance sheets to the total of the same amounts shown in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows as of the following (in thousands):

	September 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Cash and cash equivalents	$	260,838	$	305,757
Restricted cash		3,800		4,100
Funds held in escrow, including funds in transit		211,373		195,736
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash as shown in the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows	$	476,011	$	505,593

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

To supplement our condensed consolidated financial statements, which are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP"), we present certain non-GAAP financial measures in this press release, including adjusted EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA margin, free cash flow, and non-GAAP diluted EPS.

We define adjusted EBITDA as net income adjusted for stock-based compensation expense; depreciation and amortization; other income (expense), net, which includes interest expense; income tax benefit (provision); and, if applicable, certain other gains, losses, benefits, or charges that are non-cash or are significant and the result of isolated events or transactions that have not occurred frequently in the past and are not expected to occur regularly in the future. Free cash flow is defined as cash provided by operations less purchases of property, plant and equipment and cash outflows from internally developed software.

We use non-GAAP financial measures in conjunction with financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP for planning purposes, including the preparation of our annual operating budget, as a measure of our core operating results and the effectiveness of our business strategy, and in evaluating our financial performance. These non-GAAP financial measures provide consistency and comparability with past financial performance, facilitate period-to-period comparisons of our core operating results, and also facilitate comparisons with other peer companies, many of which use similar non-GAAP financial measures to supplement their GAAP results. In addition, adjusted EBITDA is widely used by investors and securities analysts to measure a company's operating performance without regard to certain items that can vary substantially from company to company, and free cash flow allows investors to evaluate the cash generated from our underlying operations across periods.

Investors are cautioned that there are material limitations associated with the use of non-GAAP financial measures as analytical tools, and investors should not consider them in isolation or as a substitute for the most directly comparable financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. In particular, (1) adjusted EBITDA excludes stock-based compensation expense, which has recently been, and will continue to be for the foreseeable future, a significant recurring expense for our business and an important part of our compensation strategy, (2) although depreciation and amortization expense are non-cash charges, the assets subject to depreciation and amortization may have to be replaced in the future, and adjusted EBITDA does not reflect cash capital expenditure requirements for such replacements or for new capital expenditure requirements, and (3) adjusted EBITDA does not reflect: (a) changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs; (b) interest expense, or the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments on our debt, which reduces cash available to us; (c) tax payments that may represent a reduction in cash available to us; or (d) material acquisition-related deal costs. In addition, the non-GAAP financial measures we use may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies, including companies in our industry, limiting their usefulness for comparison purposes. We compensate for these limitations by providing specific information regarding the GAAP items excluded from the non-GAAP financial measures that we present. Reconciliations of the non-GAAP financial measures presented in this press release to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures have been provided below, and investors are encouraged to review the reconciliations and not rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business.

We have not reconciled our adjusted EBITDA guidance to GAAP net income or non-GAAP diluted EPS guidance to GAAP diluted EPS because certain items that impact GAAP net income and GAAP diluted EPS are uncertain or out of our control and cannot be reasonably predicted. In particular, stock-based compensation expense is impacted by the future fair market value of our common stock and other factors, all of which are difficult to predict, subject to frequent change, or not within our control. The actual amount of these expenses during the fourth quarter of 2025 and fiscal year 2025 will have a significant impact on our future GAAP financial results. Accordingly, a reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA guidance to GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted EPS guidance to GAAP diluted EPS is not available without unreasonable effort.

UPWORK INC. RECONCILIATION OF GAAP TO NON-GAAP RESULTS (In thousands, except for percentages and share data) (Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2025			2024			2025			2024
Net income	$	29,335		$	27,758		$	99,791		$	68,420
Add back (deduct):
Stock-based compensation expense		19,789			18,578			48,038			54,758
Depreciation and amortization		7,946			3,668			18,686			10,443
Other income, net		(5,917	)		(8,091	)		(18,112	)		(20,433	)
Income tax provision		6,340			1,126			19,334			3,636
Other^{(1) (2)}		2,134			188			4,962			563
Adjusted EBITDA	$	59,627		$	43,227		$	172,699		$	117,387
Profit margin		15	%		14	%		17	%		12	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin		30	%		22	%		29	%		20	%

Cost of revenue, GAAP	$	45,843		$	43,408		$	131,081		$	131,453
Stock-based compensation expense		(193	)		(361	)		(580	)		(1,324	)
Cost of revenue, Non-GAAP		45,650			43,047			130,501			130,129
As a percentage of total revenue, GAAP		23	%		22	%		22	%		23	%
As a percentage of total revenue, Non-GAAP		23	%		22	%		22	%		23	%

Gross profit, GAAP	$	155,887		$	150,368		$	458,294		$	446,389
Stock-based compensation expense		193			361			580			1,324
Gross profit, Non-GAAP		156,080			150,729			458,874			447,713
Gross margin, GAAP		77	%		78	%		78	%		77	%
Gross margin, Non-GAAP		77	%		78	%		78	%		77	%

Research and development, GAAP	$	47,494		$	50,411		$	138,489		$	155,792
Stock-based compensation expense		(6,101	)		(8,053	)		(17,528	)		(23,529	)
Intangible amortization		(3,067	)		(398	)		(5,697	)		(1,196	)
Research and development, Non-GAAP		38,326			41,960			115,264			131,067
As a percentage of total revenue, GAAP		24	%		26	%		23	%		27	%
As a percentage of total revenue, Non-GAAP		19	%		22	%		20	%		23	%

Sales and marketing, GAAP	$	34,985		$	46,093		$	107,407		$	141,277
Stock-based compensation expense		(1,615	)		(3,225	)		(4,790	)		(9,554	)
Intangible amortization		(403	)		—			(1,236	)		—
Sales and marketing, Non-GAAP		32,967			42,868			101,381			131,723
As a percentage of total revenue, GAAP		17	%		24	%		18	%		24	%
As a percentage of total revenue, Non-GAAP		16	%		22	%		17	%		23	%

General and administrative, GAAP	$	41,257		$	31,276		$	104,964		$	93,201
Stock-based compensation expense		(11,880	)		(6,939	)		(25,140	)		(20,351	)
Other^{(1) (2)}		(2,134	)		(188	)		(4,962	)		(563	)
General and administrative, Non-GAAP		27,243			24,149			74,862			72,287
As a percentage of total revenue, GAAP		20	%		16	%		18	%		16	%
As a percentage of total revenue, Non-GAAP		14	%		12	%		13	%		13	%

Total operating expenses, GAAP	$	126,129		$	129,575		$	357,281		$	394,766
Stock-based compensation expense		(19,596	)		(18,217	)		(47,458	)		(53,434	)
Intangible amortization		(3,470	)		(398	)		(6,933	)		(1,196	)
Other^{(1) (2)}		(2,134	)		(188	)		(4,962	)		(563	)
Total operating expenses, Non-GAAP		100,929			110,772			297,928			339,573
As a percentage of total revenue, GAAP		63	%		67	%		61	%		68	%
As a percentage of total revenue, Non-GAAP		50	%		57	%		51	%		59	%

Income from operations, GAAP	$	29,758		$	20,793		$	101,013		$	51,623
Stock-based compensation expense		19,789			18,578			48,038			54,758
Intangible amortization		3,470			398			6,933			1,196
Other^{(1) (2)}		2,134			188			4,962			563
Income from operations, Non-GAAP		55,151			39,957			160,946			108,140

Net income, GAAP	$	29,335		$	27,758		$	99,791		$	68,420
Stock-based compensation expense		19,789			18,578			48,038			54,758
Intangible amortization		3,470			398			6,933			1,196
Tax effect of non-GAAP adjustments		(4,897	)		(7,762	)		(13,613	)		(20,150	)
Other^{(1) (2)}		2,134			188			4,962			563
Net income, Non-GAAP		49,831			39,160			146,111			104,787

Weighted-average shares outstanding used in computing earnings per share, GAAP
Basic (in millions)		132.0			132.6			133.1			133.4
Diluted (in millions)		139.7			139.3			140.9			140.6
Basic earnings per share, GAAP	$	0.22		$	0.21		$	0.75		$	0.51
Diluted earnings per share, GAAP	$	0.21		$	0.20		$	0.72		$	0.50

Weighted-average shares outstanding used in computing earnings per share, Non-GAAP
Basic (in millions)		132.0			132.6			133.1			133.4
Diluted (in millions)		139.7			139.3			140.9			140.6
Basic earnings per share, Non-GAAP	$	0.38		$	0.30		$	1.10		$	0.79
Diluted earnings per share, Non-GAAP	$	0.36		$	0.29		$	1.05		$	0.76

⁽¹⁾ During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, we incurred $0.2 million and $0.6 million, respectively, of expense related to the warrant to purchase 500,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.01 per share issued to the Tides Foundation in 2018.

⁽²⁾ During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, we incurred acquisition-related costs of $1.9 million and $4.4 million in connection with our business combinations. These costs primarily consist of legal, accounting, and other professional fees, and are recorded in general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Beginning in the second quarter of 2025, we included acquisition-related costs as an add-back to net income in the reconciliation to adjusted EBITDA. Acquisition-related costs incurred in prior periods were deemed immaterial and therefore not included as an add-back to adjusted EBITDA.

UPWORK INC. RECONCILIATION OF CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES TO FREE CASH FLOW (In thousands) (Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2025			2024			2025			2024
Cash provided by operating activities	$	75,079		$	60,964		$	184,558		$	114,981
Less: purchases of property, plant & equipment and cash outflows from internally developed software		(5,648	)		(4,167	)		(18,711	)		(10,579	)
Free cash flow	$	69,431		$	56,797		$	165,847		$	104,402