Company delivers profitable growth with record high quarterly Revenue and Gross Merchandise Value, strengthening its leadership position in luxury resale

SAN FRANCISCO, Nov. 10, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The RealReal, Inc. (NASDAQ:REAL)—the world's largest online marketplace for authenticated, resale luxury goods—today reported financial results for its third quarter ended September 30, 2025. Third quarter 2025 gross merchandise value (GMV) increased 20% year-over-year and total revenue increased 17% compared to the third quarter of 2024. Consignment revenue grew 15% compared to the prior year period, and direct revenue grew 47% year-over-year in the third quarter. Third quarter Adjusted EBITDA margin was 5.4%, an increase of 380 basis points versus the prior year period.

"We delivered another quarter of accelerating growth and expanded margins, with GMV up 20% and Adjusted EBITDA ahead of expectations," said Rati Levesque, CEO of The RealReal. "Through execution against our strategic pillars — unlock supply through our growth playbook, drive operational efficiency, and obsess over service — we are changing the way people shop. Given this continued momentum, we are raising our full-year outlook."

Levesque continued, "Going forward, we see an opportunity to continue to build trust with our sellers and improve the customer experience through deeper consignor relationships, enhanced tools and insights, and ongoing AI initiatives. We are at the leading edge of a growing industry, which fuels our ability to shape the evolution of luxury resale and drive sustained profitable growth."

Third Quarter Highlights

GMV was $520 million, an increase of 20% compared to the same period in 2024
Total Revenue was $174 million, an increase of 17% compared to the same period in 2024
Gross Profit was $129 million, an increase of $18 million compared to the same period in 2024
Gross Margin was 74.3%, a decrease of 60 basis points compared to the same period in 2024
Net Loss was $(54) million or (31.1)% of total revenue, compared to $(18) million or (12.1)% of total revenue in the same period in 2024. Third Quarter 2025 Net Loss includes a $(44) million adjustment as a result of the change in fair value of warrant liability.
Adjusted EBITDA was $9.3 million or 5.4% of total revenue compared to $2.3 million or 1.6% of total revenue in the same period in 2024
GAAP basic net loss per share was $(0.47) compared to $(0.16) in the prior year period and GAAP diluted net loss per share was $(0.49) compared to $(0.17) in the prior year period
Non-GAAP basic and diluted net loss attributable to common shareholders per share was $(0.04) compared to $(0.09) in the prior year period
Top-line-related Metrics
- Trailing twelve months active buyers was 1,024,000, an increase of 7% compared to the same period in 2024
- Average order value (AOV) was $584, an increase of 12% versus the same period in 2024

Q4 and Full Year 2025 Guidance

Based on market conditions as of November 10, 2025, we are raising our full year guidance. Additionally, we are providing guidance for fourth quarter 2025 GMV, Total Revenue and Adjusted EBITDA, which is a Non-GAAP financial measure.

We have not reconciled forward-looking Adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss), the most directly comparable GAAP measure, because we cannot predict with reasonable certainty the ultimate outcome of certain components of such reconciliations including payroll tax expense on employee stock transactions that are not within our control, or other components that may arise, without unreasonable effort. For these reasons, we are unable to assess the probable significance of the unavailable information, which could materially impact the amount of future net income (loss).

	Q4 2025	Full Year 2025
GMV	$585 - $595 million	$2.099 - $2.109 billion
Total Revenue	$188 - $191 million	$687 - $690 million
Adjusted EBITDA	$17.5 - $18.5 million	$37.7 - $38.7 million

Webcast and Conference Call

The RealReal will host a conference call to review the company's third quarter 2025 results beginning at approximately 2:00 p.m. Pacific Time today (5:00 p.m. Eastern Time). A live webcast of the conference call and accompanying materials will be available online at investor.therealreal.com. A replay of the webcast will be available at the same location.

About The RealReal, Inc.

The RealReal is the world's largest online marketplace for authenticated, resale luxury goods, with over 40 million members. With a rigorous authentication process overseen by experts, The RealReal provides a safe and reliable platform for consumers to buy and sell their luxury items. We have hundreds of in-house gemologists, horologists and brand authenticators who inspect thousands of items each day. As a sustainable company, we give new life to pieces by thousands of brands across numerous categories—including women's and men's fashion, fine jewelry and watches, art and home—in support of the circular economy. We make selling effortless with free virtual appointments, in-home pickup, drop-off and direct shipping. We handle all of the work for consignors, including authenticating, using AI and machine learning to determine optimal pricing, photographing and listing their items, as well as shipping and customer service.

Investor Relations Contact:

IR@therealreal.com

Press Contact:

PR@therealreal.com

Forward Looking Statements

This press release contains forward-looking statements relating to, among other things, the future performance of The RealReal that are based on the company's current expectations, forecasts and assumptions and involve risks and uncertainties. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as "may," "will," "should," "could," "expect," "plan," "anticipate," "target," "contemplate," "project," "believe," "estimate," "predict," "intend," "potential," "continue," "ongoing" or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. These statements include, but are not limited to, statements about future operating and financial results, including our strategies, plans, commitments, objectives and goals, in particular in the context of the recent geopolitical events, and uncertainty surrounding macro-economic trends, financial guidance, anticipated growth in 2025, the anticipated impact of generative AI, and financial targets, goals and projections. Actual results could differ materially from those predicted or implied and reported results should not be considered as an indication of future performance. Other factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, inflation, macroeconomic uncertainty, geopolitical instability, any failure to generate a supply of consigned goods, pricing pressure on the consignment market resulting from discounting in the market for new goods, failure to efficiently and effectively operate our merchandising and fulfillment operations, labor shortages and other reasons.

More information about factors that could affect the company's operating results is included under the captions "Risk Factors" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in the company's most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 and subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, copies of which may be obtained by visiting the company's Investor Relations website at https://investor.therealreal.com or the SEC's website at www.sec.gov. Undue reliance should not be placed on the forward-looking statements in this press release, which are based on information available to the company on the date hereof. The company assumes no obligation to update such statements.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

To supplement our unaudited and condensed financial statements presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), this earnings release and the accompanying tables and the related earnings conference call contain certain non-GAAP financial measures, including Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of total revenue ("Adjusted EBITDA Margin"), free cash flow, non-GAAP net loss attributable to common stockholders, and non-GAAP net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted. We have provided a reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures in this earnings release.

We do not, nor do we suggest that investors should, consider such non-GAAP financial measures in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. Investors should also note that non-GAAP financial measures we use may not be the same non-GAAP financial measures, and may not be calculated in the same manner, as that of other companies, including other companies in our industry.

Adjusted EBITDA is a key performance measure that our management uses to assess our operating performance. Because Adjusted EBITDA facilitates internal comparisons of our historical operating performance on a more consistent basis, we use this measure as an overall assessment of our performance, to evaluate the effectiveness of our business strategies and for business planning purposes. Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled metrics of other companies.

We calculate Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) before interest income, interest expense, provision (benefit) for income taxes, depreciation and amortization, further adjusted to exclude stock-based compensation, employer payroll tax expense on employee stock transactions, legal settlement charges, restructuring, gain on extinguishment of debt, change in fair value of warrant liabilities and certain one-time expenses. The employer payroll tax expense related to employee stock transactions are tied to the vesting or exercise of underlying equity awards and the price of our common stock at the time of vesting, which may vary from period to period independent of the operating performance of our business. Adjusted EBITDA has certain limitations as the measure excludes the impact of certain expenses that are included in our statements of operations that are necessary to run our business and should not be considered as an alternative to net income (loss) or any other measure of financial performance calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.

In particular, the exclusion of certain expenses in calculating Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin facilitates operating performance comparisons on a period-to-period basis and, in the case of exclusion of the impact of stock-based compensation and the related employer payroll tax expense on employee stock transactions, excludes an item that we do not consider to be indicative of our core operating performance. Investors should, however, understand that stock-based compensation and the related employer payroll tax expense will be a significant recurring expense in our business and an important part of the compensation provided to our employees. Accordingly, we believe that Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin provide useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our operating results in the same manner as our management and board of directors.

Free cash flow is a non-GAAP financial measure that is calculated as net cash (used in) provided by operating activities less net cash used to purchase property and equipment and capitalized proprietary software development costs. We believe free cash flow is an important indicator of our business performance, as it measures the amount of cash we generate. Accordingly, we believe that free cash flow provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our operating results in the same manner as our management.

Non-GAAP net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted is a non-GAAP financial measure that is calculated as GAAP net loss plus stock-based compensation expense, provision (benefit) for income taxes, payroll tax expenses on employee stock transactions, legal settlement charges, gain on extinguishment of debt, change in fair value of warrant liabilities and restructuring and other expenses divided by weighted average shares outstanding. We believe that making these adjustments before calculating per share amounts for all periods presented provides a more meaningful comparison between our operating results from period to period.


THE REALREAL, INC. Statements of Operations (In thousands, except share and per share data) (Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025			2024			2025			2024
Revenue:
Consignment revenue	$	134,429		$	116,908		$	386,863		$	345,270
Direct revenue		22,928			15,623			63,877			45,056
Shipping services revenue		16,216			15,224			48,054			46,163
Total revenue		173,573			147,755			498,794			436,489
Cost of revenue:
Cost of consignment revenue		14,318			13,326			41,033			39,714
Cost of direct revenue		18,130			12,925			50,550			38,970
Cost of shipping services revenue		12,205			10,791			35,592			32,347
Total cost of revenue		44,653			37,042			127,175			111,031
Gross profit		128,920			110,713			371,619			325,458
Operating expenses:
Marketing		14,146			11,604			45,549			40,646
Operations and technology		70,703			66,199			206,667			194,593
Selling, general and administrative		51,621			47,512			149,609			141,364
Restructuring charges		—			—			—			196
Total operating expenses⁽¹⁾		136,470			125,315			401,825			376,799
Loss from operations		(7,550	)		(14,602	)		(30,206	)		(51,341	)
Change in fair value of warrant liability		(43,928	)		744			3,112			(9,209	)
Gain on extinguishment of debt		3,684			—			40,785			4,177
Interest income		818			1,940			3,301			6,272
Interest expense		(7,085	)		(5,948	)		(20,443	)		(15,468	)
Other income, net		34			—			642			—
Loss before provision for income taxes		(54,027	)		(17,866	)		(2,809	)		(65,569	)
Provision for income taxes		24			72			208			178
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(54,051	)	$	(17,938	)	$	(3,017	)	$	(65,747	)
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders
Basic	$	(0.47	)	$	(0.16	)	$	(0.03	)	$	(0.61	)
Diluted	$	(0.49	)	$	(0.17	)	$	(0.38	)	$	(0.61	)
Weighted average shares used to compute net loss per share attributable to common stockholders
Basic		115,893,232			109,016,060			113,793,229			107,043,946
Diluted		116,772,661			112,418,751			121,904,021			107,043,946

⁽¹⁾Includes stock-based compensation as follows:
Marketing	$	27		$	225		$	754		$	707
Operations and technology		2,294			2,533			7,195			7,527
Selling, general and administrative		4,284			5,000			14,223			14,346
Total	$	6,605		$	7,758		$	22,172		$	22,580


THE REALREAL, INC. Condensed Balance Sheets (In thousands, except share and per share data) (Unaudited)

	September 30, 2025			December 31, 2024
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	108,422		$	172,212
Accounts receivable, net		24,342			13,961
Inventory, net		29,698			23,583
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		19,961			22,913
Total current assets		182,423			232,669
Property and equipment, net		94,709			94,443
Operating lease right-of-use assets		68,465			75,714
Restricted cash		14,859			14,911
Other assets		5,756			5,358
Total assets	$	366,212		$	423,095
Liabilities and Stockholders' Deficit
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	$	11,121		$	11,004
Accrued consignor payable		86,803			89,718
Operating lease liabilities, current portion		24,077			22,835
Convertible Senior Notes, net, current portion		—			26,653
Other accrued and current liabilities		104,087			98,466
Total current liabilities		226,088			248,676
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion		72,887			85,790
Convertible Senior Notes, net		230,463			276,807
Non-convertible notes, net		140,807			134,470
Warrant liability		75,472			78,584
Other noncurrent liabilities		5,547			6,144
Total liabilities		751,264			830,471
Stockholders' deficit:
Common stock, $0.00001 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized as of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024; 116,674,739 and 111,242,479 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively		1			1
Additional paid-in capital		871,791			846,450
Accumulated deficit		(1,256,844	)		(1,253,827	)
Total stockholders' deficit		(385,052	)		(407,376	)
Total liabilities and stockholders' deficit	$	366,212		$	423,095


THE REALREAL, INC. Condensed Statements of Cash Flows (In thousands) (Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025			2024
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(3,017	)	$	(65,747	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		24,840			24,806
Stock-based compensation expense		22,172			22,580
Reduction of operating lease right-of-use assets		11,957			11,280
Bad debt expense		2,045			1,844
Non-cash interest expense		1,483			3,761
Issuance costs allocated to liability classified warrants		—			374
Accretion of debt discounts and issuance costs		1,663			1,607
Provision for inventory write-downs and shrinkage		2,228			2,479
Gain on debt extinguishment		(40,785	)		(4,177	)
Change in fair value of warrant liability		(3,112	)		9,209
Loss (gain) related to warehouse fire, net		(362	)		279
Other adjustments		(29	)		(628	)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net		(12,426	)		(571	)
Inventory, net		(8,343	)		96
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		1,079			990
Other assets		(499	)		229
Operating lease liability		(16,369	)		(15,263	)
Accounts payable		663			837
Accrued consignor payable		(2,915	)		(5,006	)
Other accrued and current liabilities		7,201			10,036
Other noncurrent liabilities		16			(163	)
Net cash used in operating activities		(12,510	)		(1,148	)
Cash flow from investing activities:
Insurance proceeds related to warehouse fire		2,309			461
Capitalized proprietary software development costs		(9,658	)		(8,051	)
Purchases of property and equipment		(14,955	)		(9,168	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(22,304	)		(16,758	)
Cash flow from financing activities:
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		310			118
Taxes paid related to restricted stock vesting		(120	)		(467	)
Repayment of 2025 Notes		(26,749	)		—
Proceeds from issuance of stock in connection with the Employee Stock Purchase		838			624
Cash received from settlement of capped calls in conjunction with the Note Exchanges		1,907			396
Issuance costs paid related to the Note Exchanges		(5,214	)		(5,298	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(29,028	)		(4,627	)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		(63,842	)		(22,533	)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Beginning of period		187,123			190,623
End of period	$	123,281		$	168,090

The following table reflects the reconciliation of net loss to Adjusted EBITDA for each of the periods indicated (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025			2024			2025			2024
Adjusted EBITDA Reconciliation:
Net loss	$	(54,051	)	$	(17,938	)	$	(3,017	)	$	(65,747	)
Net loss (% of revenue)	(31.1		)%	(12.1		)%	(0.6		)%	(15.1		)%
Depreciation and amortization		8,209			8,270			24,840			24,806
Interest income		(818	)		(1,940	)		(3,301	)		(6,272	)
Interest expense		7,085			5,948			20,443			15,468
Provision for income taxes		24			72			208			178
EBITDA		(39,551	)		(5,588	)		39,173			(31,567	)
Stock-based compensation		6,605			7,758			22,172			22,580
Payroll taxes expense on employee stock transactions		285			76			1,084			250
Legal settlement		—			—			—			600
Gain on extinguishment of debt⁽¹⁾		(3,684	)		—			(40,785	)		(4,177	)
Change in fair value of warrant liability⁽²⁾		43,928			(744	)		(3,112	)		9,209
Restructuring and other⁽³⁾		1,711			822			1,711			1,407
Adjusted EBITDA	$	9,294		$	2,324		$	20,243		$	(1,698	)
Adjusted EBITDA (% of revenue)		5.4	%		1.6	%		4.1	%	(0.4		)%

(1) The gain on extinguishment of debt for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 reflects the difference between the carrying value of the 2025 Exchanged Notes and the fair value of the 2031 Notes. The gain on extinguishment of debt for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 reflects the difference between the carrying value of the 2024 Exchanged Notes and the fair value of the 2029 Notes.

(2) The change in fair value of warrant liability for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024 reflects the remeasurement of the Warrants issued by the Company in connection with the 2024 Note Exchange in February 2024.

(3) Restructuring and other expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 consist of employee severance costs associated with a departmental reorganization, including certain executives, recorded within Marketing and Selling, General and Administrative expenses on the condensed statements of operations. Restructuring and other expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 reflect estimated losses related to the fire at one of our New Jersey authentication centers, net of estimated insurance recoveries and employee severance related charges related to the 2023 savings plan, which included the closure of certain retail and office locations and a workforce reduction.

A reconciliation of GAAP net loss to non-GAAP net loss attributable to common stockholders, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, in order to calculate non-GAAP net loss attributable to common stockholders per share, basic and diluted, is as follows (in thousands, except share and per share data):

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025			2024			2025			2024
Net loss	$	(54,051	)	$	(17,938	)	$	(3,017	)	$	(65,747	)
Stock-based compensation		6,605			7,758			22,172			22,580
Payroll tax expense on employee stock transactions		285			76			1,084			250
Legal settlement		—			—			—			600
Provision for income taxes		24			72			208			178
Gain on extinguishment of debt		(3,684	)		—			(40,785	)		(4,177	)
Change in fair value of warrant liability		43,928			(744	)		(3,112	)		9,209
Restructuring and other		1,711			822			1,711			1,407
Non-GAAP net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(5,182	)	$	(9,954	)	$	(21,739	)	$	(35,700	)
Weighted-average common shares outstanding to calculate Non-GAAP net loss attributable to common stockholders per share, basic and diluted		115,893,232			109,016,060			113,793,229			107,043,946
Non-GAAP net loss attributable to common stockholders per share, basic and diluted	$	(0.04	)	$	(0.09	)	$	(0.19	)	$	(0.33	)

The following table presents a reconciliation of net cash provided for (used in) operating activities to free (negative) cash flow for each of the periods indicated (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025			2024			2025			2024
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	19,330		$	9,073		$	(12,510	)	$	(1,148	)
Purchase of property and equipment and capitalized proprietary software development costs		(5,612	)		(6,939	)		(24,613	)		(17,219	)
Free (negative) cash flow	$	13,718		$	2,134		$	(37,123	)	$	(18,367	)

Key Financial and Operating Metrics:

	September 30, 2023			December 31, 2023			March 30, 2024			June 30, 2024			September 30, 2024			December 31, 2024			March 31, 2025			June 30, 2025			September 30, 2025
	(In thousands, except AOV and percentages)
GMV	$	407,608		$	450,668		$	451,941		$	440,914		$	433,074		$	503,534		$	490,405		$	504,105		$	519,814
NMV	$	302,912		$	335,245		$	334,815		$	329,422		$	335,191		$	383,447		$	370,757		$	379,377		$	397,062
Consignment Revenue	$	102,852		$	113,500		$	115,648		$	112,714		$	116,908		$	128,126		$	123,814		$	128,620		$	134,429
Direct Revenue	$	17,356		$	15,964		$	12,709		$	16,724		$	15,623		$	19,524		$	20,454		$	20,495		$	22,928
Shipping Services Revenue	$	12,964		$	13,909		$	15,443		$	15,496		$	15,224		$	16,345		$	15,765		$	16,073		$	16,216
Number of Orders		794			826			840			820			829			870			869			868			890
Take Rate		38.1	%		37.7	%		38.4	%		38.5	%		38.6	%		37.7	%		38.6	%		37.9	%		37.9	%
Active Buyers		954			922			922			942			958			972			985			1,001			1,024
AOV	$	513		$	545		$	538		$	538		$	522		$	579		$	564		$	581		$	584